Golang的interface一个例子

我们用Golang做网站时,必然会有这样的代码:

http.Handle("/", http.FileServer(http.Dir(".")))

注意这里的 http.Handle( 函数的第二个参数,Golang的源码中这个函数的描述如下:

// Handle registers the handler for the given pattern

// in the DefaultServeMux.

// The documentation for ServeMux explains how patterns are matched.

func Handle(pattern string, handler Handler) { DefaultServeMux.Handle(pattern, handler) }

 

其中第二个参数是一个 interface,必须实现ServeHTTP(ResponseWriter, *Request)方法

// Objects implementing the Handler interface can be

// registered to serve a particular path or subtree

// in the HTTP server.

//

// ServeHTTP should write reply headers and data to the ResponseWriter

// and then return.  Returning signals that the request is finished

// and that the HTTP server can move on to the next request on

// the connection.

type Handler interface {

    ServeHTTP(ResponseWriter, *Request)

}

 

如果我们用WebSocket时,又会发现, 我们给http.Handle( 传递的是 websocket.Handler(。

http.Handle("/socket", websocket.Handler(Echo))

 

websocket.Handler 又是另外一个接口,如下

// Handler is an interface to a WebSocket.

type Handler func(*Conn)

 

这里为啥会出现接口更换了? 其实 再往下看可以看到 websocket.Handler 接口多一个公共的方法:ServeHTTP, 即接口 websocket.Handler 实现了 http 的 Handler 接口。

 

// ServeHTTP implements the http.Handler interface for a Web Socket

func (h Handler) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {

 

 

这里的interface有了其他语言类的一些特征,比较有趣。


// Handler is an interface to a WebSocket.type Handler func(*Conn)
// ServeHTTP implements the http.Handler interface for a Web Socketfunc (h Handler) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {

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