同步训练3-项目范围管理

• 1. The project is mostly complete. The project has a schedule variance of 300 and a cost variance of -900. All but one of the quality control inspections have been completed and all have met the quality requirements. All items in the issue log have been resolved. Many of the resources have been released. The sponsor is about to call a meeting to obtain product verification when the customer notifies the project manager that they want to make a major change to the scope. The project manager should:

A. meet with the project team to determine if this change can be made.

B. ask the customer for a description of the change.

C. explain that the change cannot be made at this point in the process.

D. inform management.

项目大部分完成。项目进度偏差SV=300，成本偏差CV=900。差一点质量控制检查即将完成所有的都符合质量要求。所有的问题日志上的条目都被解决。一些资源已经释放。出资人正打算召开会议获得产品核实，此刻客户通知项目经理想做出重大的范围变更。项目经理应该：

A.会见项目团队确定是否变更已经发生

B.问客户对变更的描述

C.解释在这个过程时不能做出变更

D.通知管理层

B

解释：根据变更流程图（见图解项目管理-整体变更控制过程），当有人有变更请求时，项目经理首先应该了解变更的内容。（2009-6-16 13:31:35）

• 2. The project was going well when all of a sudden there are were changes to the project coming from multiple stakeholders. After all the changes were determined, the project manager spent time with all the stakeholders to find out why there were changes and to discover any more. The project work has quieted down when a team member casually mentions to the project manager that the team member added functionality to a product of the project. Do not worry they say, "1 did not impact time, cost or quality!" What should a project manager do FIRST?

A. Ask the team member how the need for the functionality was determined.

B. Hold a meeting to review the team member s completed work.

C. Look for other added functionality.

D. Ask the team member how he knows there is no time, cost or quality impact.

项目进展顺利，突然有些来自多个干系人的对项目的变更。当所有的变更被确定，项目管理者花费大量时间和所有的干系人去找出来为什么有这么变更并发现更多。项目工作放慢了，当项目成员偶然地向项目经理提到有些团队成员增加了项目产品的功能。不要担心他们说的，“我没有影响进度，成本或质量!”项目经理首先应该干什么?

A。问团队成员如何确定了功能的需要

B.召开会议评估团队成员完成的工作

C.寻找其他更多的功能

D.问团队成员，他如何知道没有影响时间、成本或质量

D

解释：本题干等于发生了镀金现象，镀金是指“小的范围增加，由团队成员发起”，项目经理需要避免此现象再发生。与之比较接近的是范围蔓延：未得到控制的变更，通常客户发起。参考：PMBOK2008 P125。（2009-6-16 13:31:35）

• 3.A management point in a Work breakdown structure (WBS), which is used to consolidate and process work package data and forward the results to the project manager is called

A. Control account

B. Chart of accounts

C. Control limit

D. Account limit

管理控制点在WBS上面，用来确认处理工作包数据，用来促进结果，被称为：

A.控制帐户

B.账目编码

C.控制边界

D.账目边界

A

解释：控制帐户，WBS中的管理控制点，在该控制点上，把范围、预算（资源计划）、实际成本和进度加以整合，并把它们和实现值做比较，以测量绩效。参考：PMBOK2008 P422。（2009-6-16 13:31:35）

• 4. What is true for the process of Verify Scope?

A. Insufficient documentation is not a reason to reject deliverables, as long as in all other respects they are built according to specifications agreed upon.

B. The project team members must achieve acceptance of the deliverables.This process is coordinated and documented by the project management team.

C. It is the project management team's responsibility to obtain stakeholder's formal acceptance of the completed project scope and deliverables.

D. Formal acceptance will finally reconcile all inconsistencies among deliverables and documents that where caused by bad change control and scope creep.

关于核实范围过程哪个说法是正确的?

A.文档不足不是拒绝成果的原因，只要其他方面符合获得一致的规范

B.项目团队成员必须实现成果的接受，这个过程经由项目管理团队协调并文档记录

C.获得项目干系人对完成的项目范围和成果的正式接受是项目管理团队的责任

D.正式验收将最终结束所有的成果和文档的因为变更控制和范围蔓延之间引发的矛盾

C

解释：核实范围就是与客户或发起人一起审查可交付成果，并得到其认可的过程。参考：PMBOK2008 P123。 （2009-6-16 13:31:35）

• 5. Which statement is false? Progressive elaboration of project scope...

A. ...is a characteristic of projects that accompanies the concepts of temporary and unique.

B. ...means developing in steps. It not should be confused with scope creep.

C. ...signals a weak spot in the scope definition process, caused by incomplete contracts and specifications.

D. ...when properly managed, integrates elaboration of project and deliverable specifications.

下列哪个说法是错误的?项目范围的逐步明晰…

A.是项目的特点结合了临时和独特两个特点

B.意味着发展是在一步一步中，不应该对范围蔓延而困惑

C.是在定义范围过程较弱的信号，因为不完整的合同和规格导致

D.需要适当的管理，需要用心整合项目和成果规范

C

参考：PMBOK2008 P112。 （2009-6-16 13:31:35）

• 6. What is not true for project deliverables?

A. Project deliverables should be identified, described and agreed upon as early in the project as possible.

B. Project deliverables may be products, capabilities for services or other kinds of results.

C. Once project deliverables have been identified, their description should not be changed any more.

D. The acceptance process for deliverables and how rejection will be addressed should be described in the contract.

下列哪个关于项目可交付成果的说法不正确?

A.项目可交付成果必须尽早识别，描述并获得意见统一

B.项目可交付成果可以是产品，提供服务的能力或其他类型结果

C.一旦项目成果被识别，他们的描述不应该被修改

D.成果的接受过程和如何被拒绝都应该描述在合同内

C

解释：可交付成果是可以变更的。参考：PMBOK2008 P115。 （2009-6-16 13:31:35）

• 7. You took over a customer project for your company. From the inputs available, including Contract, Statement of work, Project charter and a Preliminary scope statement, you developed a Project management plan. You presented your plan in a meeting with key stakeholders including your project sponsor and some representatives from the customer organization. During the meeting you perceived a high level of dissatisfaction by the customer executives, who signaled that the project might not produce the results that the company expected. In your understanding, all necessary actions have been planned to meet the customer's requirements. What should you do next?

A. Request a written statement from the customer detailing the requirements which they believe are not addressed by your plan. Use this statement to update the project plan.

B. Arrange meetings with the customer to identify their needs, wants and expectations for the project. Then create a narrative Scope statement from this information to document the agreed upon project scope.

C. Request a formal meeting on top executive level to get the misunderstandings sorted out, then arrange a change request, re-plan your project where necessary and go ahead with the project work.

D. Do not over-react. Performed according to your plan, the project will produce a convincing product for the customer. As soon as the executives will see it, they will probably change their opinion and accept it.

你为你公司负责一个客户项目。可利用的输入，包括合同，工作说明书(SOW)，项目章程和项目初步范围说明书，你编写了项目管理计划，你在会议上向重要干系人包括出资人和来自客户组织的一些人展示你的计划。会议期问你察觉到来自客户执行层的强烈的反对，他们声称项目可能不会产出他们公司想要的结果，在你的理解中，所有必要的工作都需要规划来实现客户需求。接下来你应该做什么?

A。要求客户写个文档在详细程度描述他们认为你的计划没有考虑到的需求。使用这个文档来更新项目计划

B.安排会议和客户识别他们对项目的需要，想要的和期望。然后根据这些信息创建描述性的范围说明书文档来对项目范围取得共识

C.要求个正式的会议，让高级执行层参加找出来理解错误的部分，然后安排个变更请求，如果有必要重新规划你的项目推动项目工作

D.不要反映过激。根据你的计划执行工作，项目将会产出让客户信服的产品。尽早的让执行层看到产品，他们可能会改变主意接受产品

B

解释：接下来应该做定义范围。参考：PMBOK2008 P113。（2009-6-16 13:31:35）

• 8. A WBS dictionary is a document which...

A. ...describes technical terms used for scope management.

B. ...describes the details for each component in the WBS.

C. ...translates essential WBS terms for global project teams.

D. ...helps translating functional into technical requirements.

WBS字典是个文档：

A.描述了范围管理所使用的技术条款

B.描述了WBS中每个元素的细节

C.为全球项目团队翻译WBS的元素

D.帮助翻译功能到技术要求

B

解释：工作分解结构词典是工作分解结构的支持性文件，对每个组成部分的详细描述。参考：PMBOK2008 P121。（2009-6-16 13:31:35）

• 9. A customer requires from you a minor scope change and expects you to do this without delays and additional costs. You believe that you have adequate authorization to make the decision by yourself, but you are not quite sure.What should be your next steps?

A. A requested change is always an opportunity to get more money paid by the customer and to secretly solve schedule and quality problems. You should make some reasonable estimates on time, costs, risks etc. and then add a nice margin on top of that to calculate the new price.

B. Customer satisfaction is your top priority. The customer gives you an opportunity to increase their satisfaction, which you should use to the maximum benefit. Most project managers have contingencies to cover risks; these can be used to pay the additional costs.

C. Before making a decision you should have a look at the customer's parking lot.If you find there many expensive, new models, it is likely that you can use the requested change to increase the profit from the contract. Otherwise you should reject the request.

D. Handle the request according to the integrated change control processes described in your management plans. Then make a decision together with the appropriate change control body, whether the increased customer satisfaction will be worth the extra costs, work, risks etc.

客户要求你做个较小的范围变更，期望你在不增加额外费用和时间的前提下完成此变更。你相信你有足够的权限自己做出决策，可是你不是完全确定。你下一步应该做什么?

A.变更请求总是个机会来从客户获得更多报酬，可以秘密的解决进度和质量问题。你应该做出些合理的时间、成本和风险的估算，然后加上利润来计算新的价格

B.客户满意是你最优先考虑的。客户给你个机会来增加他们满意度，你应该将其利益最大化。多数项目经理都有覆盖风险的应急储备，这些可以用来支付额外的成本

C.在做出决策之前，你首先应该看看客户的停车场，如果你发现他们很昂贵，新的模型，你可以使用这个请求的变更来增加合同的利润。否则你应该拒绝此请求

D.根据你的管理计划中描述的整体变更控制过程来应对此变更。然后和合适的变更控制主体做出决策，不管是否增加客户的满意度是否需要额外的成本、工作和风险

D

解释：任何变更都需要走整体变更控制过程。参考：PMBOK2008 P94。（2009-6-16 13:31:35）

• 10. You are explaining the importance of Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) to your project team members. In this context, all the following statements about Work Breakdown Structure(WBS) are correct EXCEPT:

A.It is a hierarchical decomposition of work

B.Planned work contained in the lowest level WBS components are also called WBS dictionaries

C.WBS subdivides the project work into smaller, more manageable pieces of work

D.WBS organizes and defines the total scope of work of the project

你在向团队成员介绍WBS的重要性，下列关于WBS的说法都是正确的除了：

A.是个分等级的工作分解

B.规划的工作包括在最底层的WBS组成部分，又被称为WBS字典

C.WBS分解项目工作到小的更容易管理的部分

D.WBS组织定义了项目的所有范围

B

解释：WBS字典是单独的文档，是WBS的支持文件。参考：PMBOK2008 P121。（2009-6-16 13:31:35）

• 11. Your company is going through a financial crisis and has set a pre-defined budget to work with. For your project, a pre-defined budget will become a:

A.Risk

B.Assumption

C.Constraint

D.Stage point

你的公司经历了财务危机，开始对每个工作预先设定预算。对你的项目而言，预先设定的预算将成为：

A.风险

B.假设

C.制约要素

D.阶段点

C

解释：事先确定的预算、强制性日期、合同条款都是制约要素。参考：PMBOK2008 P115。（2009-6-16 13:31:35）

• 12. In your project, you are now interested in determining the cause of variance relative to the scope baseline and deciding whether corrective action is required. You should use:

A.Configuration Management System

B.Variance Analysis

C.Replanning

D.Earned Value Spreadsheets

在你的项目，你现在对判断范围基准偏差的原因和决定是否采取纠正措施感兴趣。你应该使用：

A.配置管理系统

B.偏差分析

C.重新规划

D.实现值表格

B

解释：题干表明 是在控制范围过程之中，偏差分析是该过程的工具。参考：PMBOK2008 P127。（2009-6-16 13:31:35）

• 13. If you would like to find out who will be approving changes in your project deliverables and documentation, you can refer to the:

A. Change Control System

B. Project Plan

C. Organization Chart

D. Resource Assignment Matrix

如果你想查出来谁负责批准你项目成果和文档的变更，你可以查看：

A.变更控制系统

B.项目计划

C.组织图

D.资源分配矩阵

A

解释：变更控制系统会说明不同变更的审批所需的人员层次。参考：PMBOK2008 P420。（2009-6-16 13:31:35）

• 14.Your project sponsor has specified that you have to complete your project within 3 months with a funding limit of $250,000. This is an example of:

A.Authoritative project management

B.Constraint

C.Assumption

D.Laissez-faire management

你的项目出资人指定你必须完成你的项目在3个月之内，资金不能超过250，000美元。这是什么的例子：

A.有权威的项目管理

B.约束

C.假设

D.自由管理

B

解释：约束就是制约因素，如事先制订的预算。参考：PMBOK2008 P421 115。（2009-6-16 13:31:35）

• 15. A project was terminated early because of funding related issues. The project manager met the customer to establish and document the level and extent of project completion. What tool should be used for the purpose?

A.Performance Measurement

B.Scope Change Control System

C.Inspection

D.Earned Value

项目因为资金问题被提前终止。项目经理会见客户去确定并记录项目完成的层次和内容。下列哪个工具帮助实现这个目的?

A.绩效测量

B.范围变更控制系统

C.检查

D.实现值

C

解释：题干表面需要进行核实范围，选项C是核实范围的工具。参考：PMBOK2008 P124。（2009-6-16 13:31:35）

• 16.You have created a WBS Dictionary which you can use to:

A.Verify that the deliverables being produced and accepted are included in the approved project scope

B.Determine whether work and deliverables meet requirements and product acceptance criteria

C.Influence the factors that create project scope changes and control the impact of those changes

D.Get acceptance of the project scope from the customer

你创建了WBS字典，你将用来：

A.核实被完成的可交付成果，得到接受后包括在被批准的项目范围中的

B.确定是否工作或成果符合需求和产品接受标准

C.影响哪些导致项目范围变更的因素控制这些变更的影响

D.自客户获得项目范围的接受

A

解释：WBS词典是核实范围的输入。参考：PMBOK2008 P124。（2009-6-16 13:31:35）

• 17. A restriction (e.g. limited budget) that affects the performance of the project is also called a(an):

A. Constraint

B. Assumption

C. Kill point

D. Risk

影响到项目执行的约束(如有限的预算)被称为：

A.制约因素

B.假设

C.杀点(阶段退出关卡)

D.风险

A

参考：PMBOK2008 P115。（2009-6-16 13:31:35）

• 18. One of your tasks as a project manager is to prepare a Scope Statement for your project. The scope statement provides:

A. Authorization to the project manager for using organizational resources for project activities.

B. Documentation of how the project scope will be managed and how scope changes will be integrated into the project.

C.Definition for Work Breakdown structure

D.A documented basis for making future project decisions and for confirming or developing a common understanding of the project scope among the stakeholders.

作为项目经理你的一个任务是准备项目范围说明书。范围说明书提供：

A.授权项目经理动用组织资源到项目活动上

B.文档记录如何管理项目的范围包括整合项目范围到项目上

C.定义工作分解结构

D.一个文档，作为未来项目决策的依据，用来在项目干系人之间沟通来达成对范围的共识

D

参考：PMBOK2008 P115。（2009-6-16 13:31:35）

• 19. When you started creating a Work Breakdown Structure for your project,you soon realized that it was too complicated to be done on a single piece of paper. You then started using a Work Breakdown Structure numbering system to

A. Determine the complexity of the project

B. Determine the level at which individual WBS elements are found

C. Help in automating the WBS using appropriate software

D. Present justification for the project

当你为你项目开始创建WBS时，你很快意识到不能在一张图纸上完成因为太复杂。你开始使用WBS计数系统来：

A.确定项目的复杂程度

B.确定个别WBS元素的层次

C.帮助在合适的软件上使用WBS

D.展示项目的论据

B

解释：Code of Accounts 账户编码，用来唯一的识别工作分解结构每个组成部分的编码系统，可以直观的显示某个WBS元素所属层次。参考：PMBOK2008 P421。（2009-6-16 13:31:35）

• 20. Verify Scope the process of obtaining stakeholder's formal acceptance of the completed project scope and associated deliverables. In this context, which statement related to Verify Scope correct?

A.Verify Scope similar to Quality Control.

B.Quality Control is generally performed before Scope Verification, but these two processes may also be done in parallel.

C.Verify Scope indicates the end of a project.

D.Verify Scope the final sign-off from the sponsor and customer.

核实范围是个过程用来获得项目干系人对项目已完成范围和成果的正式接受。下列关于核实范围说法中正确的是?

A.核实范围和质量控制相似

B.质量控制通常在核实范围之前进行，两个过程也可以同时进行

C.核实范围意味着项目的结束

D.核实范围是从出资人或客户那里得到最终的签字

B

解释：核实范围和质量控制不同；核实范围是成果得到客户或干系人认可的过程，不代表项目结束。参考：PMBOK2008 P123。（2009-6-16 13:31:35）

• 21. In which document will you find the code of account identifier,statement of work, responsible organization, and a list of schedule milestones?

A.WBS

B.WBS Dictionary

C.PERT/CPM Charts

D. Roles and Responsibilities Matrix

在下列哪个文档中可以看到账目编码标识，工作说明书，责任组织和进度里程碑列表

A.WBS

B.WBS字典

C.PERT/CPM图

D.职责矩阵

B

解释：WBS字典包括WBS中组成部分的详细描述：如账目编码、工作说明书、责任组织和进度里程碑。参考：PMBOK2008 P121。（2009-6-16 13:31:35）

• 22. One of the stakeholders on the project contacts the project manager to discuss some additional scope they would like to add to the project. The project manager asks for details in writing and then works through the scope control process. What should the project manager do NEXT when the evaluation of the requested scope is completed?

A. Ask the stakeholder if there are any more changes expected.

B. Complete integrated change control.

C. Make sure the impact of the change is understood by the stakeholder.

D. Find out the root cause of why the scope was not discovered during project planning.

某个项目干系人联系项目经理讨论些额外的范围他们想增加到项目上。项目经理咨询了详细的信息并书面化执行了范围控制过程。项目经理在被要求的范围评估完成后，接下来需要做什么?

A.问干系人是不是还有更多变更

B.完成整体变更控制

C.确保项目干系人对变更的影响很理解

D.找出什么原因导致这些范围没有在项目规划期间被讨论

B

解释：控制范围需要确保所有变更请求都经过实施整体变更控制过程的处理。参考：PMBOK2008 P125。（2009-6-16 13:31:35）

• 23. You are managing a six-month project and have held bi-weekly meetings you're your project stakeholders. After five and a half months of work, the project is on schedule and budget, but the stakeholders are not satisfied with the deliverables. This situation will delay the project completion by one month. The MOST important process that could have prevented this situation is:

A. risk monitoring and control.

B. schedule control.

C. scope planning.

D. scope control.

你在管理六个月的项目每半个月会见你的项目干系人。在完成五个半月工作后。项目在进度和预算内，可是项目干系人对成果不满意。这种情形将导致项目完成耽误一个月。可以预防此情况的重要的过程是：

A.风险监控和控制

B.进度控制

C.范围规划

D.范围控制

C

解释：范围规划过程包括：定义范围、创建WBS，这两个过程有助于在早期项目干系人对项目成果达成共识，可以预防题干所出现的情况。参考：PMBOK2008 P115。（2009-6-16 13:31:35）

• 24. The construction phase of a new software product is near completion. The next phase is testing and implementation. The project is two weeks ahead of schedule. What should the project manager be MOST concerned with before moving on to the final phase?

A.Verify Scope

B.Quality control

C.Performance reports

D.Cost control

新软件产品的建设阶段接近完成了。下个阶段是测试和实施。项目提前进度2周。在项目移动到最后阶段时项目经理需要更多关注什么?

A.核实范围

B.质量控制

C.绩效报告

D.成本控制

A

解释：核实范围在项目每个阶段收尾之前进行。参考：PMBOK2008 P123。（2009-6-16 13:31:35）

• 25. You have just joined the project management office after five years of working on projects. One of the things you want to introduce to your company is the need to do WBSs Some of the project managers are angry that you are asking them to do "extra work." Which of the following would be the BEST thing you could tell the project managers to convince them to use WBSs?

A. Tell them it will prevent work from slipping through the cracks.

B. Tell them that it is not needed.

C. Tell them it is required if the project involves contracts.

D. Tell them it is the only way to identify risks.

你在项目上工作5年后刚刚加入项目管理办公室。你想向你们公司介绍使用WBS。一些项目经理很愤怒，因为你要求他们做些额外的工作。下列哪个最好的描述了你要告诉项目经理的使他们信服使用WBS?

A.告诉他们可以防止工作跟踪过程中偏离

B.告诉他们这是不必要的

C.告诉他们如果项目包括合同就是被要求的

D.告诉他们是识别风险的一种方式

A

解释：WBS可以帮助跟踪项目成果完成情况，避免工作重叠。参考：PMBOK2008 P121。（2009-6-16 13:31:35）

• 26. A new project manager is being mentored by a more experienced certified project management professional (PMP). The new project manager is finding it difficult to find enough time to manage the project because the product and project scope are being progressively elaborated. The PMP mentions that the basic tools for project management, such as a work breakdown structure, can be used during project executing to assist the project] For which of the following can a work breakdown structure be used?

A. Communicating with the customer

B. Showing calendar dates for each work package

C. Showing the functional managers for each team member

D. Showing the business need for the project

某个新项目经理来咨询某个具有很多经验的PMP。新项目经理发现管理项目很困难原因是产品和项目范围需要渐进明晰。这个PMP提到项目管理的基本工具比如WBS，可以在项目执行期间使用来帮助项目。下列哪个情况可以使用WBS?

A.与客户沟通

B.显示每个工作包的日历日期

C.为每个团队成员显示职能经理

D.显示项目的商业需求

A

解释：WBS用图形方式直观的展示项目的成果组成，有助于与客户交流。参考：PMBOK2008 P445。（2009-6-16 13:31:35）

• 27. The program was planned years ago before there was a massive introduction of new technology. While planning the next project to start in this program, the project manager has expanded the project scope management plan because as a project becomes more complex, the level of uncertainty in the scope:

A. remains the same.

B. decreases.

C. decreases then increases.

D. increases.

项目集已经完成规划，之前完成了关于新技术的导入。当为了启动这个项目集在规划下个项目时，项目经理扩展了项目范围管理计划因为随着项目变得更复杂，范围的不确定性程度：

A.保持不变

B.减少

C.减少然后增加

D.增加

D

解释：Not all questions will be difficult. The level of uncertainty in scope increases based on the scale of effort required to identify all the scope. For larger projects it is inore difficult to "catch" everything. （2009-6-16 13:31:35）

• 28. During project executing, a team member comes to the project manager because he is not sure of what work he needs to accomplish on the project. Which of the following documents contain detailed descriptions of work packages?

A. Work breakdown structure (WBS) dictionary

B. Activity list

C. Preliminary project scope statement

D. Project scope management plan

项目执行期间，某个团队成员找到项目经理因为他不确定他需要完成项目哪些工作。下列哪个文档包括详细的工作包描述?

A.WBS字典

B.活动列表

C.初步项目范围说明书

D.项目范围管理计划

A

解释：WBS字典包括WBS每个组成部分的详细描述。参考：PMBOK2008 P121。（2009-6-16 13:31:35）

• 29.AII of the following are part of the scope baseline EXCEPT the

A. project scope management plan.

B. project scope statement.

C. work breakdown structure.

D. work breakdown structure dictionary.

下列都是范围基准的部分除了：

A.项目范围管理计划

B.项目范围说明书

C.工作分解结构

D.工作分解结构字典

A

解释：范围基准是项目管理计划的组成部分包括：范围说明书、工作分解结构、工作分解结构词典。参考：PMBOK2008 P122。（2009-6-16 13:31:35）

• 30. A project manager has just been assigned to a new project and has been given the project charter. The FIRST thing the project manager must do is:

A. create a project scope statement.

B. confirm that all the stakeholders have had input into the scope.

C. analyze project risk.

D. begin work on a project management plan.

项目经理刚刚分配到新项目上，已经完成项目章程。项目经理首先应该做什么?

A.创建项目范围说明书

B.确保所有的干系人有输入到范围中

C.分析项目风险

D.开始项目管理计划上的工作

B

解释：选项B等于识别干系人（2009-6-16 13:31:35）

• 31 .A project manager may use to make sure the team clearly knows what work is included in each of their work packages.

A. the project scope statement

B. the product scope

C. a WBS dictionary

D. a schedule

项目经理可以使用下列哪个来确保团队清楚地知道每个工作包的描述?

A.项目范围说明书

B.项目产品范围

C.WBS字典

D.进度表

C

解释：WBS字典包括所有WBS组成部分的详细描述。参考：PMBOK2008 P121。（2009-6-16 13:31:35）

• 32. When should scope verification be done?

A. At the end of the project

B. At the beginning of the project

C. At the end of each phase of the project

D. During the planning processes

核实范围应该什么时候做?

A.在项目结束

B.在项目开始

C.在项目每个阶段结束时

D.规划过程期间

C

解释：核实范围是个过程，来获得干系人对成果的认可。过程不同于阶段，过程需要在每个阶段进行。参考：PMBOK2008 P123。（2009-6-16 13:31:35）

• 33. During a project team meeting, a team member suggests an enhancement to the scope that is beyond the scope of the project charter. The project manager points out that the team needs to concentrate on completing all the work and only the work required. This is an example of:

A. change management process.

B. Control Scope.

C. quality analysis.

D. scope decomposition.

在项目团队会议上，某个成员建议增加项目章程之外范围。项目经理指出团队需要完成所有被要求的必要的工作。这是个什么的例子：

A.变更管理过程

B.控制范围

C.质量分析

D.范围分解

B

参考：PMBOK2008 P125。（2009-6-16 13:31:35）

• 34. During what part of the project management process is the project scope statement created?

A. Initiating

B. Planning

C. Executing

D. Monitoring and controlling

在哪个项目管理过程中创建项目范围说明书?

A.启动

B.规划

C.执行

D.监视与控制

B

解释：范围说明书是定义范围的输出，定义范围属于规划过程组。参考：PMBOK2008 P115。（2009-6-16 13:31:35）

• 35. Which of the following is a KEY attribute of scope verification?

A. More complete project scope management plan

B. Customer acceptance of project deliverables

C. Improved schedule estimates

D. An improved project management information system

下列哪个是核实范围的关键特点?

A.更多完成项目范围管理计划

B.客户接受项目成果

C.改进进度估算

D.改进项目管理信息系统

B

解释：核实范围就是与客户或发起人一起审查可交付成果，并得到其认可的过程。参考：PMBOK2008 P123（2009-6-16 13:31:35）

• 36. Which of the following is the process that defines the best approach to achieve the project objectives

A. Develop Project Charter

B. Verify Scope

C. Define Scope

D. Scope Planning

下列哪个过程定义了实现项目目标的最好方法?

A.制定项目章程

B.核实范围

C.定义范围

D.范围规划

C

解释：实现项目目标的方法属于项目范围，定义范围过程来选择这些方法。参考：PMBOK2008 P112。（2009-6-16 13:31:35）

• 37. Which of the following is an example of constraints?

A. NPV of your project is USD 5000

B. IRR can be calculated by internal cash flow.

C. Cost of raw material is USD 30 per unit.

D. Government has passed a mandate that your project should not affect the neighborhoods adversely.

下列哪个是制约要素的例子?

A.你项目的NPV是USD 5000

B.IRR可以通过内部现金流计算

C.原材料成本是每单位USD 30

D.政府通过的新法令要求你的项目必须对环境没有负面影响

D

解释：事先确定的预算、强制性日期、合同条款、政府法律都是制约要素。参考：PMBOK2008 P115。（2009-6-16 13:31:35）

• 38. What is a deliverable-oriented grouping of project elements called?

A. Detailed plan

B. Linear responsibility chart

C. Work breakdown structure

D. Cost account coding system

面向对象的来组织项目的要素被称为?

A.详细计划

B.线性职责矩阵

C.工作分解结构

D.成本帐户编码系统

C

解释：WBS（工作分解结构）是面向成果的工作层级分解，用来组织并定义项目的所有范围。参考：PMBOK2008 P116。（2009-6-16 13:31:35）

• 39. Which of the following is an example of assumption?

A. NPV of your project is USD 1562.

B. IRR can be calculated by internal cash flow.

C. Cost of raw material is USD 10 per unit.

D. Project charter has authorized the existence of your project.

下列哪个是假设的例子?

A.你项目的NPV是USD 1562。

B.IRR可以通过内部现金流计算

C.原料成本是每单位USD 10

D.项目章程授权你项目存在

C

解释：为了计划的目的，把某些事情想象成真实的、正确的、确定的。参考：PMBOK2008 P116 P419。（2009-6-16 13:31:35）

• 40. You are the project manager of a sewage treatment plant. The government has mandated that you ensure that the sewage plant will not adversely impact the neighborhood. From a project perspective, this is alan:

A. Best Practice

B. Assumption

C. Constraint

D. Deliverable

你是污水处理工厂的项目经理。政府要求你确保污水厂不对环境有负面影响。从项目的角度，这是个：

A.最佳实践

B.假设

C.约束

D.成果

C

解释：事先确定的预算、强制性日期、合同条款、政府法律都是制约要素。参考：PMBOK2008 P115。（2009-6-16 13:31:35）

• 41. As a project manager, you are aware that project information can be presented using different kinds of breakdown structures. In this context, all the following statements are correct EXCEPT:

A. Resource Breakdown Structure provides hierarchically organized depiction of resources to be used on the project.

B. Organization Breakdown Structure provides a hierarchically organized depiction of the project organization.

C. Bill of Materials presents a hierarchical tabulation of financial bills and other project financials.

D. Risk Breakdown Structure is a hierarchically organized depiction of the identified project risks arranged by risk category.

作为项目经理，你知道可以使用不同类型的分解结构来展示项目信息。关于此情形下列说法都是正确的除了：

A.资源分解结构提供层次的方式来组织展示项目使用的资源

B.组织分解结构提供层次的方式来展示组织结构

C.材料清单提供层次的表格来展示财务帐单和其他项目财务信息

D.风险分解结构是个层次化的方式来根据风险类别来展示识别的风险

C

解释：BOM是材料清单是用来显示某个产品的组成部分的列表，不包括财务信息。也可以反推，其他三个选项都是正确的。参考：PMBOK2008 P280 RBS；P220 OBS 资源分解结构。（2009-6-16 13:31:35）

• 42. Which statement related to Verify Scope and Quality Control is accurate?

A. Both Verify Scope and Quality Control are always done sequentially

B. Verify Scope concerned with acceptance of the work results while Quality Control is primarily concerned with correctness of the work results

C. Verify Scope done only after changes are approved by the change control board

D. Verify Scope concerned with correctness of the work results while Quality Control is primarily concerned with acceptance of the work results

下列哪个关于核实范围和质量控制的说法是正确的?

A.无论核实范围和质量控制都总是按顺序的执行

B.核实范围主要关心接受工作的成果；质量控制主要是关心工作成果的正确性

C.核实范围只有在执行CCB批准的变更后进行

D.核实范围主要关心工作成果的正确性；质量控制主要是关心接受工作的成果

B

参考：PMBOK2008 P123。（2009-6-16 13:31:35）

• 43. In your project, you are in the process of defining the project scope.You will be using all the following tool:

A. Expert Judgment - to determine the details to be included in the scope statement.

B. Project Management Methodology - to aid in developing and controlling the changes to the preliminary project plan.

C. Project Management Information System - to support generation of a preliminary project scope statement.

D. Earned Value Technique - to measure performance of the project as it moves from project initiation through project closure.

在你的项目中，你在定义范围的过程。你将使用下列哪个工具：

A.专家判断一去确定范围说明书中的细节

B.项目管理方法论一辅助开发和控制初步项目计划的变更

C.项目管理信息系统一去支持产生初步的项目范围说明书

D.实现值技术一贯穿项目启动到结束去衡量项目的绩效

A

参考：PMBOK2008 114。（2009-6-16 13:31:35）

• 44. Which document states what is to be accomplished and what deliverables need to be produced?

A. Project management plan

B. Project charter

C. Project scope statement

D. Performance report

下列哪个文档说明了项目需要产生的成果和需要完成的工作?

A.项目管理计划

B.项目章程

C.项目范围说明书

D.绩效报告

C

解释：范围说明书用来描述项目的成果及相关需要完成的工作。参考：PMBOK2008 P115。（2009-6-16 13:31:35）

• 45. What is the work breakdown structure (WBS)?

A.It is a hierarchical tabulation of the physical assemblies, subassemblies and component needed to fabricate a manufactured product.

B.It is a hierarchically organized depiction of the resources by type to be used on the project.

C.It is a deliverable-oriented hierarchical decomposition of the work to be execute by the project team, to accomplish the project objectives and create the required deliverables

D.It is a hierarchically organized Project organization arranged so that the work packages can be related to the performing organizational unit.

什么是WBS?

A.是个分等级的表格，针对制造产品的物理的、组件和部件的集合

B.是个分等级的表格，用来按照类型组织项目所使用的资源

C.是个面向成果的层次结构通过分解项目团队要执行的工作，去完成项目的目标和创造被要求的成果

D.是个分层次的项目组织结构，将工作包和执行组织单位联系起来

C

解释：WBS（工作分解结构）是面向成果的工作层级分解，用来组织并定义项目的所有范围。参考：PMBOK2008 P116。（2009-6-16 13:31:35）

• 46. Which of the following statement is NOT true?

A.Product Analysis and Stakeholder analysis are part of Tools and Techniques used in Scope definition

B.Decomposition is part of Tools and Techniques used in Create WBS

C.Configuration Management system is part of Tools and Techniques used in Scope definition

D.Inspection is a Tool/Technique used in Scope Verification

下列哪个说法是不正确的?

A.产品分析和干系人分析是定义范围过程的工具和技术

B.分解是创建WBS所使用的工具和技术

C.配置管理系统是定义范围过程所使用的工具和技术

D.检查是核实范围所使用的工具和技术

C

解释：配置管理系统是整体变更控制过程的工具。参考：PMBOK2008 P114。（2009-6-16 13:31:35）

• 47. Deliverable oriented hierarchical decomposition of the work to be executed by the project team is called

A.Project Scope Management Plan

B.Requirements

C.Work Breakdown structure

D.Design

面向成果的层次结构用来分解项目团队要执行的工作被称为：

A.项目范围管理计划

B.请求

C.工作分解结构

D.设计

C

解释：WBS（工作分解结构）是面向成果的工作层级分解，用来组织并定义项目的所有范围。参考：PMBOK2008 P116。（2009-6-16 13:31:35）

• 48. Which one of the following is NOT a Scope Management Process

A.Define Scope

B. Collect Requirements

C.Scope Monitoring

D.Create WBS

下列哪个不是范围管理过程?

A.定义范围

B.收集需求

C.范围监视

D.创建WBS

C

参考：PMBOK2008 P103。（2009-6-16 13:31:35）

• 49. Which of the following is true in regard to the Code of Accounts?

A. It allows one to easily identify the breakdown level of the item in the resource structure.

B. It describes the coding structure used by the performing organization to report financial information in its general ledger.

C. It is the collection of unique identifiers generally assigned to WBS items.

D. It defines ethical behavior in the project and the responsibilities to the customer and the profession.

关于账目编码下列哪个说法是正确的?

A.用来很容易识别资源结构中的条目所在的分解层次

B.描述一种用来由执行组织在报表中来报告财务信息的编码结构

C.分配给WBS中条目的独特标识符的集合

D.定义了在项目中特有的行为举止和对客户的责任

C

解释：Code of Accounts 账户编码，用来唯一的识别工作分解结构每个组成部分的编码系统，可以直观的显示某个WBS元素所属层次。参考：PMBOK2008 P421。 （2009-6-16 13:31:35）

• 50. Which statement describes best why you should document assumptions?

A. Assumptions might prove to be wrong. Knowing which assumptions were incorrect allows baseline adjustments in case of project crisis.

B. Assumption analysis is a valuable tool and technique of Risk Identification during documentation review in a risk identification workshop.

C. Assumptions limit the project management team s options for decision making because they can not be controlled by the team.

D. In case of schedule or budget overrun, the documentation of assumptions supports a clear assignment of responsibility.

下列哪个语句最好的描述了为什么你必须把假设书面记载下来?

A.假设可能会证明是错误的，知道哪个假设错误可以使项目在紧要关头调整基准

B.假设分析是个有价值的工具在风险识别中回顾文档时

C.假设会限制项目管理团队在决策时的选项，因为假设不能被团队控制

D.万一发生进度或成本超支，假设的文档可以帮助明确职责

B

解释：假设分析是风险识别过程的工具；选项C说的是制约因素；选项D是事后推卸责任，不好。参考：PMBOK2008 P419。（2009-6-16 13:31:35）