linux 下 nginx phpcgi 的安装及配置

一，什么是nginx，它有什么优点

 Nginx ("engine x") 是一个高性能的 HTTP 和 反向代理 服务器，也是一个 IMAP/POP3/SMTP 代理服务器。

Nginx 是一个很牛的高性能Web和反向代理服务器, 它具有有很多非常优越的特性:
在高连接并发的情况下，Nginx是Apache服务器不错的替代品: Nginx在美国是做虚拟主机生意的老板们经常选择的软件平台之一. 能够支持高达 50,000 个并发连接数的响应, 感谢Nginx为我们选择了 epoll and kqueue作为开发模型.
Nginx作为负载均衡服务器: Nginx 既可以在内部直接支持 Rails 和 PHP 程序对外进行服务, 也可以支持作为 HTTP代理服务器对外进行服务. Nginx采用C进行编写, 不论是系统资源开销还是CPU使用效率都比 Perlbal 要好很多.
作为邮件代理服务器: Nginx 同时也是一个非常优秀的邮件代理服务器（最早开发这个产品的目的之一也是作为邮件代理服务器）, Last.fm 描述了成功并且美妙的使用经验.
Nginx 是一个 安装非常的简单 , 配置文件 非常简洁（还能够支持perl语法）, Bugs非常少的服务器: Nginx 启动特别容易, 并且几乎可以做到7*24不间断运行，即使运行数个月也不需要重新启动. 你还能够 不间断服务的情况下进行软件版本的升级.

 

二，安装所要软件

wget http://sysoev.ru/nginx/nginx-0.8.15.tar.gz

wget ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-7.9.tar.gz

wget http://museum.php.net/php5/php-5.2.6.tar.gz

三、安装PHP 5.2.6（FastCGI模式）

安装php的时候，需要安装支持php的一些库，不过一般情况，装好linux系统时，这些库基本上都装好，所以支持php安装的软件，就在这儿不说了。如果make && make install时提示出错时，你可以看一下缺少什么，你就装什么。

tar zxvf php-5.2.6.tar.gz
cd php-5.2.6/
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/php –with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql –with-zlib-dir –with-freetype-dir=/usr –with-jpeg-dir=/usr –with-png-dir=/usr –enable-gd-native-ttf –with-gd –enable-ftp –with-iconv –with-gettext –with-curl –enable-fastcgi –with-openssl

make && make install
cd /usr/local/php/lib
cp php.ini-dist php.ini

cp /usr/local/php/bin/php  /usr/bin/php-cgi

1，修改php.ini

nano php.ini  按f6然后输入extension_dir

查找/usr/local/php/etc/php.ini中的extension_dir = “./”
修改为extension_dir = “/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/”

2，启动php-cgi

/usr/local/bin/spawn-fcgi -a 127.0.0.1 -p 9000 -C 5 -f /usr/bin/php-cgi

nginx配置文件中的  fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; 就是根据上面来的

3，查看一下

[zhangy@BlackGhost www]$ ps -e|grep php-cgi
3737 ?        00:00:00 php-cgi
3738 ?        00:00:03 php-cgi
3739 ?        00:00:03 php-cgi
3740 ?        00:00:04 php-cgi
3741 ?        00:00:03 php-cgi
3742 ?        00:00:03 php-cgi

四，安装nginx

tar zxvf nginx-0.8.35.tar.gz
cd nginx-0.8.35/
./configure –user=zhangy –group=users –prefix=/usr/local/nginx –with-http_stub_status_module –with-http_ssl_module –with-pcre=/usr/local/pcre
make && make install

1,配置nginx.conf

nano /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

     

       1 
      user zhangy users
      ;
       
      

       2 
       
       

       3 
      worker_processes 
      10
      ;
       
      

       4 
       
       

       5 
      error_log /var/vlogs/nginx_error.log crit
      ;
       
      

       6 
      
       

       7 
      pid /var/vlogs/nginx.pid
      ;
       
      

       8 
      
       

       9 
      #Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process. 

       10 
      worker_rlimit_nofile 
      65535
      ;
       
      

       11 
      
       

       12 
      events 

       13 
      { 

       14 
       use epoll
      ;
       
      

       15 
      
       worker_connections 
      65535
      ;
       
      

       16 
      
      } 

       17 
       

       18 
      http 

       19 
      { 

       20 
       include mime.types
      ;
       
      

       21 
      
       default_type application/octet-stream
      ;
       
      

       22 
      
       

       23 
       #charset gb2312
      ;
       
      

       24 
      
       

       25 
       server_names_hash_bucket_size 
      128
      ;
       
      

       26 
      
       client_header_buffer_size 
      32k
      ;
       
      

       27 
      
       large_client_header_buffers 
      4
       
      32k
      ;
       
      

       28 
      
       client_max_body_size 8m
      ;
       
      

       29 
      
       

       30 
       sendfile on
      ;
       
      

       31 
      
       tcp_nopush on
      ;
       
      

       32 
      
       

       33 
       keepalive_timeout 
      60
      ;
       
      

       34 
      
       

       35 
       tcp_nodelay on
      ;
       
      

       36 
      
       

       37 
       fastcgi_connect_timeout 
      300
      ;
       
      

       38 
      
       fastcgi_send_timeout 
      300
      ;
       
      

       39 
      
       fastcgi_read_timeout 
      300
      ;
       
      

       40 
      
       fastcgi_buffer_size 
      64k
      ;
       
      

       41 
      
       fastcgi_buffers 
      4
       
      64k
      ;
       
      

       42 
      
       fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 
      128k
      ;
       
      

       43 
      
       fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 
      128k
      ;
       
      

       44 
      
       

       45 
       gzip on
      ;
       
      

       46 
      
       gzip_min_length 
      1k
      ;
       
      

       47 
      
       gzip_buffers 
      4
       
      16k
      ;
       
      

       48 
      
       gzip_http_version 
      1
      .
      0
      ;
       
      

       49 
      
       gzip_comp_level 
      2
      ;
       
      

       50 
      
       gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml
      ;
       
      

       51 
      
       gzip_vary on
      ;
       
      

       52 
      
       

       53 
       #limit_zone crawler $binary_remote_addr 10m
      ;
       
      

       54 
      
       

       55 
       upstream 
      127
      .
      0
      .
      0
      .
      1
      :
      1081
       { server 
      127
      .
      0
      .
      0
      .
      1
      :
      1081
      ;
       } 
      

       56 
      
       upstream 
      localhost:
      1080
       { server 
      127
      .
      0
      .
      0
      .
      1
      :
      1080
      ;
       } 
      

       57 
      
       

       58 
       server 

       59 
       { 

       60 
       listen 
      10000
      ;
       
      

       61 
      
       server_name :
      10000
      ;
       
      

       62 
      
       index index.html index.htm index.php
      ;
       
      

       63 
      
       root /home/zhangy/www/metbee/trunk/src/web
      ;
       
      

       64 
      
       

       65 
       #limit_conn crawler 
      20
      ;
       
      

       66 
      
       

       67 
       location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$ 

       68 
       { 

       69 
       

       70 
       proxy_pass 
      http:
      //
      127
      .
      0
      .
      0
      .
      1
      :
      1081
      ;
       
      

       71 
      
       break
      ;
       
      

       72 
      
       

       73 
       #fastcgi_pass 
      unix:
      /tmp/php-cgi.sock
      ;
       
      

       74 
      
       fastcgi_pass 
      127
      .
      0
      .
      0
      .
      1
      :
      9000
      ;
       
      

       75 
      
       fastcgi_index index.php
      ;
       
      

       76 
      
       include fastcgi.conf
      ;
       
      

       77 
      
       } 

       78 
       

       79 
      # location /main { 

       80 
      # proxy_pass 
      http:
      //fast_test
      ;
       
      

       81 
      
      # break
      ;
       
      

       82 
      
      # } 

       83 
       

       84 
       location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$ 

       85 
       { 

       86 
       expires 3
      0d
      ;
       
      

       87 
      
       } 

       88 
       

       89 
       location ~ .*\.(
      js
      |css)?$ 

       90 
       { 

       91 
       expires 1h
      ;
       
      

       92 
      
       } 

       93 
       

       94 
       log_format access 
      '
      $remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" 
      '
       

       95 
       
      '
      $status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" 
      '
       

       96 
       
      '
      "$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for
      '
      ;
       
      

       97 
      
       access_log /var/log/metbee.log access
      ;
       
      

       98 
      
       } 

       99 
       

      100 
       server 

      101 
       { 

      102 
       listen 
      80
      ;
       
      

      103 
      
       server_name :
      80
      ;
       
      

      104 
      
       index index.html index.htm blog/index.php
      ;
       
      

      105 
      
       root /home/zhangy/www
      ;
       
      

      106 
      
       

      107 
       location /
      test
       { 

      108 
       

      109 
       proxy_pass 
      http:
      //
      localhost:
      1080
      ;
       
      

      110 
      
       break
      ;
       
      

      111 
      
       } 

      112 
       

      113 
      # location ~ .*\.(php|php5|html)?$ 

      114 
      # location ~ .* 

      115 
      # { 

      116 
       

      117 
      if (!-e $request_filename){ 

      118 
       rewrite ^/tag/(.*) /blog/index.php?tag=$
      1
       last
      ;
       
      

      119 
      
       rewrite ^/page/(\d+)$ /blog/index.php?paged=$
      1
       last
      ;
       
      

      120 
      
       rewrite ^/(.*)/(\d+)\.html /blog/index.php?p=$
      2
       last
      ;
       
      

      121 
      
       rewrite ^/category/(.*) /blog/index.php?category_name=$
      1
       last
      ;
       
      

      122 
      
      # rewrite ^/date/([
      0
      -
      9
      ]{
      4
      ,
      4
      })/([
      0
      -
      9
      ]{
      1
      ,
      2
      })?$ /blog/index.php?year=$
      1
      &monthnum=$
      2
      &page=$
      3
       last
      ;
       
      

      123 
      
      # rewrite ^/date/([
      0
      -
      9
      ]{
      4
      ,
      4
      })/([
      0
      -
      9
      ]{
      1
      ,
      2
      })?$ /blog/index.php?m=$
      1
      $
      2
       last
      ;
       
      

      124 
      
       rewrite ^/newpage(\d+)$ /blog/index.php?page_id=$
      1
       last
      ;
       
      

      125 
      
       rewrite ^/feed$ /blog/index.php?feed=rss2 last
      ;
       
      

      126 
      
       rewrite ^/comment/feed$ /blog/index.php?feed=comment-rss2 last
      ;
       
      

      127 
      
       rewrite 
      http:
      //blog.51yip.com$ 
      http:
      //blog.51yip.com/blog/index.php redirect
      ;
       
      

      128 
      
      } 

      129 
       

      130 
      location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$ 

      131 
       { 

      132 
       #fastcgi_pass 
      unix:
      /tmp/php-cgi.sock
      ;
       
      

      133 
      
       fastcgi_pass 
      127
      .
      0
      .
      0
      .
      1
      :
      9000
      ;
       
      

      134 
      
       fastcgi_index index.php
      ;
       
      

      135 
      
       include fastcgi.conf
      ;
       
      

      136 
      
       } 

      137 
       

      138 
       log_format wwwlogs 
      '
      $remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" 
      '
       

      139 
       
      '
      $status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" 
      '
       

      140 
       
      '
      "$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for
      '
      ;
       
      

      141 
      
       access_log /var/log/wwwlogs.log wwwlogs
      ;
       
      

      142 
      
       } 

      143 
       

      144 
       server 

      145 
       { 

      146 
       listen 
      10001
      ;
       
      

      147 
      
       server_name :
      10001
      ;
       
      

      148 
      
       index index.html index.htm index.php
      ;
       
      

      149 
      
       root /mnt/song/fastfds2/data
      ;
       
      

      150 
      
       

      151 
       location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$ 

      152 
       { 

      153 
       #fastcgi_pass 
      unix:
      /tmp/php-cgi.sock
      ;
       
      

      154 
      
       fastcgi_pass 
      127
      .
      0
      .
      0
      .
      1
      :
      9000
      ;
       
      

      155 
      
       fastcgi_index index.php
      ;
       
      

      156 
      
       include fastcgi.conf
      ;
       
      

      157 
      
       } 

      158 
       

      159 
       location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$ 

      160 
       { 

      161 
       expires 3
      0d
      ;
       
      

      162 
      
       } 

      163 
       

      164 
       log_format imagelogs 
      '
      $remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" 
      '
       

      165 
       
      '
      $status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" 
      '
       

      166 
       
      '
      "$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for
      '
      ;
       
      

      167 
      
       access_log /var/log/imagelogs.log imagelogs
      ;
       
      

      168 
      
       } 

      169 
       

      170 
       server 

      171 
       { 

      172 
       listen 
      11211
      ;
       
      

      173 
      
       server_name :
      11211
      ;
       
      

      174 
      
       

      175 
       location / { 

      176 
       stub_status on
      ;
       
      

      177 
      
       access_log off
      ;
       
      

      178 
      
       } 

      179 
       } 

      180 
      } 
     

2，fastcgi.conf

cd /usr/local/nginx/conf

nano /usr/local/nginx/conf/fastcgi.conf

 

     

       1 
      fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/
      1
      .
      1
      ;
       
      

       2 
      
      fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx
      ;
       
      

       3 
      
       

       4 
      fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string
      ;
       
      

       5 
      
      fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method
      ;
       
      

       6 
      
      fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type
      ;
       
      

       7 
      
      fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length
      ;
       
      

       8 
      
       

       9 
      fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name
      ;
       
      

      10 
      
      fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name
      ;
       
      

      11 
      
      fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri
      ;
       
      

      12 
      
      fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri
      ;
       
      

      13 
      
      fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root
      ;
       
      

      14 
      
      fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol
      ;
       
      

      15 
      
       

      16 
      fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr
      ;
       
      

      17 
      
      fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port
      ;
       
      

      18 
      
      fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr
      ;
       
      

      19 
      
      fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port
      ;
       
      

      20 
      
      fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name
      ;
       
      

      21 
      
       

      22 
      # PHP only, required if PHP was built with --enable-force-cgi-redirect 

      23 
      fastcgi_param REDIRECT_STATUS 
      200
      ;
       
     

3，优化linux内核参数

nano /etc/sysctl.conf

在末尾加上下面的东东

net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 65536
net.core.netdev_max_backlog =  32768
net.core.somaxconn = 32768

net.core.wmem_default = 8388608
net.core.rmem_default = 8388608
net.core.rmem_max = 16777216
net.core.wmem_max = 16777216

net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0
net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 2
net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 2

net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
#net.ipv4.tcp_tw_len = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1

net.ipv4.tcp_mem = 94500000 915000000 927000000
net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 3276800

#net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 30
#net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 120
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024  65535

4,启动nginx

ulimit -SHn 65535
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx

5,查看启动

[zhangy@BlackGhost www]$ ps -e|grep nginx
4070 ?        00:00:00 nginx
4071 ?        00:00:00 nginx
4072 ?        00:00:00 nginx
4073 ?        00:00:00 nginx
4074 ?        00:00:00 nginx
4075 ?        00:00:00 nginx
4076 ?        00:00:00 nginx
4077 ?        00:00:00 nginx
4078 ?        00:00:00 nginx
4079 ?        00:00:00 nginx

五，开机启动

nano /etc/rc.local

ulimit -SHn 65535
/usr/local/bin/spawn-fcgi -a 127.0.0.1 -p 9000 -C 5 -f /usr/bin/php-cgi
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

转：http://blog.51yip.com/apachenginx/601.html