Cenots6.4下mysql5.6安装及主从配置
环境：
Centos6.5
mysql主：10.47.65.76
mysql从：10.47.64.84
一、卸载旧版本
[root@iZbp17vlqunx6kul3no7r4Z data01]# rpm -qa |grep mysql
mysql-libs-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64
[root@iZbp17vlqunx6kul3no7r4Z data01]# yum remove mysql-libs
二、安装及配置mysql
2.1 下载三个mysql的rpm软件包
[root@iZbp17vlqunx6kul3no7r4Z data01]# wget http://dev.mysql.com/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/MySQL-server-5.6.21-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm
[root@iZbp17vlqunx6kul3no7r4Z data01]# wget http://dev.mysql.com/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/MySQL-devel-5.6.21-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm
[root@iZbp17vlqunx6kul3no7r4Z data01]# wget http://dev.mysql.com/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/MySQL-client-5.6.21-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm2.2 安装三个mysql的rpm软件包（主从操作一致）
[root@iZbp17vlqunx6kul3no7r4Z data01]# ll |grep My
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 23156366 Sep 12 2014 MySQL-client-5.6.21-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4579502 Sep 12 2014 MySQL-devel-5.6.21-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 88524802 Sep 12 2014 MySQL-server-5.6.21-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm
[root@iZbp17vlqunx6kul3no7r4Z data01]# rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.6.21-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:MySQL-client ########################################### [100%]
[root@iZbp17vlqunx6kul3no7r4Z data01]# rpm -ivh MySQL-devel-5.6.21-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:MySQL-devel ########################################### [100%]
[root@iZbp17vlqunx6kul3no7r4Z data01]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.21-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:MySQL-server ########################################### [100%]
warning: user mysql does not exist - using root
warning: group mysql does not exist - using root
2016-12-09 13:55:20 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated.
Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2016-12-09 13:55:20 23284 [Note] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages
2016-12-09 13:55:20 23284 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
2016-12-09 13:55:20 23284 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
2016-12-09 13:55:20 23284 [Note] InnoDB: Memory barrier is not used
2016-12-09 13:55:20 23284 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3
。。。2.3 建立用户及密码(主从操作一致)
[root@iZbp17vlqunx6kul3no7r4Z data01]# cp /usr/share/mysql/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf #复制配置文件到/etc目录
[root@iZbp17vlqunx6kul3no7r4Z data01]# cat /root/.mysql_secret #mysql使用root用户安装生成的密码
# The random password set for the root user at Fri Dec 9 13:55:23 2016 (local time): RR6rrCXcEnnOamL2
[root@iZbp17vlqunx6kul3no7r4Z data01]# /etc/init.d/mysql start #启动mysql
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
[root@iZbp17vlqunx6kul3no7r4Z data01]# mysql -uroot -pRR6rrCXcEnnOamL2
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.6.21
Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
mysql> set password=password('1qaz@WSX'); #修改密码
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> create database zhucong_test; #创建测试库
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> use zhucong_test
Database changed
mysql> create table run(id int not null,name varchar(32) not null); #创建测试表
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> show tables;
+------------------------+
| Tables_in_zhucong_test |
+------------------------+
| run |
+------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
2.4 主数据库配置
[root@iZbp17vlqunx6kul3no7r4Z mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
server-id = 1 #master的ID
log-bin = mysql-bin #开启二进制日志
binlog-do-db = zhucong_test #需要同步的库名
#binglog-ignore-db = mysql #不需要同步的库名
[root@iZbp17vlqunx6kul3no7r4Z mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysql restart
Shutting down MySQL.... SUCCESS!
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000004 | 120 | zhucong_test | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> grant replication slave,reload,super on *.* to backup@'%' identified by '1qaz@WSX';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
#创建backup用户，可以从任何机器上登陆来复制master数据。
2.4 从数据库配置
[root@iZbp17vlqunx6kul3no7r2Z mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
log_bin = mysql-bin #开启二进制日志，这里不用，如果是主主复制就需要了。
server_id = 2 #slave的id，不能和master重复。
relay_log = mysql-relay-bin #开启中继日志
log_slave_updates = 1 #slave将复制事件写入自己的二进制日志。
read_only = 1 #使用只读模式
replicate-do-db = zhucong_test： #需要同步的库名
mysql> change master to master_host='10.47.65.76',master_user='backup',master_password='1qaz@WSX',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000004',mas
ter_log_pos=120;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.04 sec)
#master_host是主数据库的ip,master_user对应创建的backup用户，master_password对应backup的密码,master_log_file对应master中show master status，
展示的file字段，master_log_pos对应position字段。执行成功后，slave就连接上了master。
mysql> show slave status\G; #查看slave状态，发现IO和SQL进程都是yes，说明连接成功。
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 10.47.65.76
Master_User: backup
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 120
Relay_Log_File: mysql-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 283
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
mysql> start slave; #上一步还未开启复制数据过程，现在开始数据同步。
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)三、测试mysql主从
在主服务器上进行如下操作：
[root@iZbp17vlqunx6kul3no7r4Z mysql]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.6.21-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> use zhucong_test
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> select * from run;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into run values(1,'yao');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into run values(2,'kun');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
看下从服务器的状态：
[root@iZbp17vlqunx6kul3no7r2Z mysql]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 25
Server version: 5.6.21-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> use zhucong_test;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> select * from run;
+----+------+
| id | name |
+----+------+
| 1 | yao |
| 2 | kun |
+----+------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
#主从结构配置成功。