Dubbo的学习与总结（二）- -使用Dubbo
在上一篇中，我们对Dubbo有了一个大概的认识，现在我们来说如何使用。Dubbo的服务发现和使用是基于注册中心的，推荐使用zookeeper作为注册中心，注册中心的安装参考：http://blog.csdn.net/lf_214/article/details/50998910
Dubbo是一个面向服务的治理方案，那首先我们要有服务，还要定义出服务之间的规范，说到规范，我们就想到了Java中的接口，接口就是我们提供的规范。不论是服务调用方还是服务使用方，都要依照这个规范来使用。所以，规范应该是独立的。我们以用户服务为例，采用Maven来构建一个项目。
1.项目结构：
d-parent
d-facade
d-provider
d-client
2.父pom.xml文件
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>
<groupId>com.umsgroupId>
<artifactId>d-parentartifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOTversion>
<packaging>pompackaging>
<name>d-parentname>
<url>http://maven.apache.orgurl>
<modules>
<module>../d-clientmodule>
<module>../d-facademodule>
<module>../d-providermodule>
modules>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8project.build.sourceEncoding>
<jdk.version>1.6jdk.version>
properties>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-contextartifactId>
<version>3.2.8.RELEASEversion>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-supportartifactId>
<version>3.2.8.RELEASEversion>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4jgroupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-apiartifactId>
<version>1.7.10version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>ch.qos.logbackgroupId>
<artifactId>logback-coreartifactId>
<version>1.1.2version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>ch.qos.logbackgroupId>
<artifactId>logback-classicartifactId>
<version>1.1.2version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4jgroupId>
<artifactId>jcl-over-slf4jartifactId>
<version>1.7.10version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibabagroupId>
<artifactId>dubboartifactId>
<version>2.5.3version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
<artifactId>springartifactId>
exclusion>
exclusions>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.sgroschupfgroupId>
<artifactId>zkclientartifactId>
<version>0.1version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.zookeepergroupId>
<artifactId>zookeeperartifactId>
<version>3.4.6version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.jboss.nettygroupId>
<artifactId>nettyartifactId>
<version>3.2.5.Finalversion>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junitgroupId>
<artifactId>junitartifactId>
<version>4.11version>
<scope>testscope>
dependency>
dependencies>
dependencyManagement>
<build>
<finalName>${project.artifactId}finalName>
<resources>
<resource>
<targetPath>${project.build.directory}/classestargetPath>
<directory>src/main/resourcesdirectory>
<filtering>truefiltering>
<includes>
<include>**/*.xmlinclude>
<include>**/*.propertiesinclude>
includes>
resource>
resources>
<testResources>
<testResource>
<directory>src/test/resourcesdirectory>
<filtering>truefiltering>
testResource>
testResources>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.pluginsgroupId>
<artifactId>maven-resources-pluginartifactId>
<version>2.7version>
<configuration>
<encoding>${project.build.sourceEncoding}encoding>
configuration>
plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.pluginsgroupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-pluginartifactId>
<configuration>
<source>${jdk.version}source>
<target>${jdk.version}target>
<encoding>${project.build.sourceEncoding}encoding>
configuration>
plugin>
plugins>
<pluginManagement>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.mavengroupId>
<artifactId>tomcat7-maven-pluginartifactId>
<version>2.2version>
plugin>
plugins>
pluginManagement>
build>
project>
3.定义规范d-facade
package com.ums.facade;
import com.ums.dto.UserRequest;
import com.ums.dto.UserResponse;
public interface IUserQueryFacade {
public UserResponse queryUser(UserRequest userRequest);
public UserResponse queryAllUser();
}
package com.ums.dto;
import java.io.Serializable;
public class UserRequest implements Serializable{
/** * @Fields serialVersionUID : TODO(用一句话描述这个变量表示什么) */
private static final long serialVersionUID = -8315084174735728065L;
private String userId;
public String getUserId() {
return userId;
}
public void setUserId(String userId) {
this.userId = userId;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "UserRequest [userId=" + userId + "]";
}
}
package com.ums.dto;
import java.io.Serializable;
public class UserResponse implements Serializable{
/** * @Fields serialVersionUID : TODO(用一句话描述这个变量表示什么) */
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1148480200357449237L;
private String code;
private String msg;
public void setCode(String code){
this.code = code;
}
public String getCode(){
return code;
}
public void setMsg(String msg){
this.msg = msg;
}
public String getMsg(){
return msg;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "UserResponse [code=" + code+ " ,msg="+msg+"]";
}
}4.按照规范编写服务
package com.ums.facade.impl;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import com.ums.dto.UserRequest;
import com.ums.dto.UserResponse;
import com.ums.facade.IUserQueryFacade;
@Service("userQuery")
public class UserQueryFacadeImpl implements IUserQueryFacade{
public UserResponse queryUser(UserRequest userRequest) {
UserResponse userResponse = new UserResponse();
String userId = userRequest.getUserId();
System.out.println("查询用户userId:"+userId);
userResponse.setCode("000");
userResponse.setMsg("成功");
return userResponse;
}
public UserResponse queryAllUser() {
UserResponse userResponse = new UserResponse();
userResponse.setCode("000");
userResponse.setMsg("成功");
return userResponse;
}
}
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task" xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/task http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task-3.2.xsd http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">
<dubbo:application name="dubbo-provider-ums" logger="slf4j"/>
<dubbo:registry protocol="zookeeper" address="127.0.0.1:2181"/>
<dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20880"/>
<dubbo:provider timeout="10000" threadpool="fixed" threads="100" accepts="1000" />
<dubbo:service interface="com.ums.facade.IUserQueryFacade" ref="userQuery" protocol="dubbo"/>
beans>5.按照规范编写客户端调用
package com.ums.client;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import com.ums.dto.UserRequest;
import com.ums.dto.UserResponse;
import com.ums.facade.IUserQueryFacade;
/**
* Hello world!
*
*/
public class App
{
public static void main( String[] args )
{
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:spring/applicationContext.xml");
IUserQueryFacade userQuery = (IUserQueryFacade) context.getBean("userQuery");
UserRequest userRequest = new UserRequest();
userRequest.setUserId("123");
UserResponse userResponse = userQuery.queryUser(userRequest);
System.out.println("响应结果："+userResponse);
context.close();
}
}
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task" xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/task http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task-3.2.xsd http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">
<dubbo:application name="dubbo-consumer-ums" logger="slf4j"/>
<dubbo:registry protocol="zookeeper" address="127.0.0.1:2181"/>
<dubbo:reference interface="com.ums.facade.IUserQueryFacade" id="userQuery" check="false"/>
<dubbo:consumer timeout="6000"/>
beans>
6.启动服务
package com.ums.provider;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
/** * 启动dubbo服务 * @author liufei * @date 2016-3-28 */
public class DubboProvider {
private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(DubboProvider.class);
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:spring/applicationContext.xml");
context.start();
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("== DubboProvider context start error:",e);
}
synchronized (DubboProvider.class) {
while (true) {
try {
DubboProvider.class.wait();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
log.error("== synchronized error:",e);
}
}
}
}
}7.执行客户端调用，可以看到客户端打印成功的日志信息。项目的源码已经上传：http://download.csdn.net/detail/lf_214/9474592