MobileNets V3神经网络简介与代码实战

1.介绍

    从MobileNet V3的名字，我们就知道，它是对基于MobileNet V1和 MobileNet V2而进行改进的，但它的结构不是单纯通过人工设计的，而是结合了神经架构搜索，更加详细的介绍可以参见：Searching for MobileNetV3

 

2.模型结构

   MobileNet V3结构中包含了深度可分离卷积（MobileNets V1神经网络简介与代码实战）和颠倒残差块（ MobileNets V2神经网络简介与代码实战），可见我以前的博客，这里就重点介绍一下MnasNet 模型中SE结构（轻量级注意力结构），在下图中的黄色框框区域。

   把黄色区域展开，就是下面这张图片，SENet的核心思想在于通过网络根据loss去学习特征权重，使得有效的feature map权重大，无效或效果小的feature map权重小的方式训练模型达到更好的结果。

 

3.模型特点

    MobileNet V3相对于MobileNets V1和MobileNets V2有以下两个特点：

    1. 引入SE结构

    2. 引入h-swish激活函数（作者发现swish激活函数能够有效提高网络的精度。然而，swish的计算量太大了，所以改进出h-swish）

    3. 相对于MobileNets V2（Original Last Stage），减掉了中间的3x3卷积block和1x1卷积block，作用：减少计算量的同时并使得网络没有失去准确率（高维的特征空间还在）

 

4.代码实现 pytorch

class hswish(nn.Module):
    def forward(self, x):
        out = x * F.relu6(x + 3, inplace=True) / 6
        return out


class hsigmoid(nn.Module):
    def forward(self, x):
        out = F.relu6(x + 3, inplace=True) / 6
        return out


class SeModule(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, in_size, reduction=4):
        super(SeModule, self).__init__()
        self.se = nn.Sequential(
            nn.AdaptiveAvgPool2d(1),
            nn.Conv2d(in_size, in_size // reduction, kernel_size=1, stride=1, padding=0, bias=False),
            nn.BatchNorm2d(in_size // reduction),
            nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
            nn.Conv2d(in_size // reduction, in_size, kernel_size=1, stride=1, padding=0, bias=False),
            nn.BatchNorm2d(in_size),
            hsigmoid()
        )

    def forward(self, x):
        return x * self.se(x)


class Block(nn.Module):
    '''expand + depthwise + pointwise'''
    def __init__(self, kernel_size, in_size, expand_size, out_size, nolinear, semodule, stride):
        super(Block, self).__init__()
        self.stride = stride
        self.se = semodule

        self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(in_size, expand_size, kernel_size=1, stride=1, padding=0, bias=False)
        self.bn1 = nn.BatchNorm2d(expand_size)
        self.nolinear1 = nolinear
        self.conv2 = nn.Conv2d(expand_size, expand_size, kernel_size=kernel_size, stride=stride, padding=kernel_size//2, groups=expand_size, bias=False)
        self.bn2 = nn.BatchNorm2d(expand_size)
        self.nolinear2 = nolinear
        self.conv3 = nn.Conv2d(expand_size, out_size, kernel_size=1, stride=1, padding=0, bias=False)
        self.bn3 = nn.BatchNorm2d(out_size)

        self.shortcut = nn.Sequential()
        if stride == 1 and in_size != out_size:
            self.shortcut = nn.Sequential(
                nn.Conv2d(in_size, out_size, kernel_size=1, stride=1, padding=0, bias=False),
                nn.BatchNorm2d(out_size),
            )

    def forward(self, x):
        out = self.nolinear1(self.bn1(self.conv1(x)))
        out = self.nolinear2(self.bn2(self.conv2(out)))
        out = self.bn3(self.conv3(out))
        if self.se != None:
            out = self.se(out)
        out = out + self.shortcut(x) if self.stride==1 else out
        return out


class MobileNetV3_Large(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, num_classes=1000):
        super(MobileNetV3_Large, self).__init__()
        self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(3, 16, kernel_size=3, stride=2, padding=1, bias=False)
        self.bn1 = nn.BatchNorm2d(16)
        self.hs1 = hswish()

        self.bneck = nn.Sequential(
            Block(3, 16, 16, 16, nn.ReLU(inplace=True), None, 1),
            Block(3, 16, 64, 24, nn.ReLU(inplace=True), None, 2),
            Block(3, 24, 72, 24, nn.ReLU(inplace=True), None, 1),
            Block(5, 24, 72, 40, nn.ReLU(inplace=True), SeModule(40), 2),
            Block(5, 40, 120, 40, nn.ReLU(inplace=True), SeModule(40), 1),
            Block(5, 40, 120, 40, nn.ReLU(inplace=True), SeModule(40), 1),
            Block(3, 40, 240, 80, hswish(), None, 2),
            Block(3, 80, 200, 80, hswish(), None, 1),
            Block(3, 80, 184, 80, hswish(), None, 1),
            Block(3, 80, 184, 80, hswish(), None, 1),
            Block(3, 80, 480, 112, hswish(), SeModule(112), 1),
            Block(3, 112, 672, 112, hswish(), SeModule(112), 1),
            Block(5, 112, 672, 160, hswish(), SeModule(160), 1),
            Block(5, 160, 672, 160, hswish(), SeModule(160), 2),
            Block(5, 160, 960, 160, hswish(), SeModule(160), 1),
        )


        self.conv2 = nn.Conv2d(160, 960, kernel_size=1, stride=1, padding=0, bias=False)
        self.bn2 = nn.BatchNorm2d(960)
        self.hs2 = hswish()
        self.linear3 = nn.Linear(960, 1280)
        self.bn3 = nn.BatchNorm1d(1280)
        self.hs3 = hswish()
        self.linear4 = nn.Linear(1280, num_classes)
        self.init_params()

    def init_params(self):
        for m in self.modules():
            if isinstance(m, nn.Conv2d):
                init.kaiming_normal_(m.weight, mode='fan_out')
                if m.bias is not None:
                    init.constant_(m.bias, 0)
            elif isinstance(m, nn.BatchNorm2d):
                init.constant_(m.weight, 1)
                init.constant_(m.bias, 0)
            elif isinstance(m, nn.Linear):
                init.normal_(m.weight, std=0.001)
                if m.bias is not None:
                    init.constant_(m.bias, 0)

    def forward(self, x):
        out = self.hs1(self.bn1(self.conv1(x)))
        out = self.bneck(out)
        out = self.hs2(self.bn2(self.conv2(out)))
        out = F.avg_pool2d(out, 7)
        out = out.view(out.size(0), -1)
        out = self.hs3(self.bn3(self.linear3(out)))
        out = self.linear4(out)
        return out



class MobileNetV3_Small(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, num_classes=1000):
        super(MobileNetV3_Small, self).__init__()
        self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(3, 16, kernel_size=3, stride=2, padding=1, bias=False)
        self.bn1 = nn.BatchNorm2d(16)
        self.hs1 = hswish()

        self.bneck = nn.Sequential(
            Block(3, 16, 16, 16, nn.ReLU(inplace=True), SeModule(16), 2),
            Block(3, 16, 72, 24, nn.ReLU(inplace=True), None, 2),
            Block(3, 24, 88, 24, nn.ReLU(inplace=True), None, 1),
            Block(5, 24, 96, 40, hswish(), SeModule(40), 2),
            Block(5, 40, 240, 40, hswish(), SeModule(40), 1),
            Block(5, 40, 240, 40, hswish(), SeModule(40), 1),
            Block(5, 40, 120, 48, hswish(), SeModule(48), 1),
            Block(5, 48, 144, 48, hswish(), SeModule(48), 1),
            Block(5, 48, 288, 96, hswish(), SeModule(96), 2),
            Block(5, 96, 576, 96, hswish(), SeModule(96), 1),
            Block(5, 96, 576, 96, hswish(), SeModule(96), 1),
        )


        self.conv2 = nn.Conv2d(96, 576, kernel_size=1, stride=1, padding=0, bias=False)
        self.bn2 = nn.BatchNorm2d(576)
        self.hs2 = hswish()
        self.linear3 = nn.Linear(576, 1280)
        self.bn3 = nn.BatchNorm1d(1280)
        self.hs3 = hswish()
        self.linear4 = nn.Linear(1280, num_classes)
        self.init_params()

    def init_params(self):
        for m in self.modules():
            if isinstance(m, nn.Conv2d):
                init.kaiming_normal_(m.weight, mode='fan_out')
                if m.bias is not None:
                    init.constant_(m.bias, 0)
            elif isinstance(m, nn.BatchNorm2d):
                init.constant_(m.weight, 1)
                init.constant_(m.bias, 0)
            elif isinstance(m, nn.Linear):
                init.normal_(m.weight, std=0.001)
                if m.bias is not None:
                    init.constant_(m.bias, 0)

    def forward(self, x):
        out = self.hs1(self.bn1(self.conv1(x)))
        out = self.bneck(out)
        out = self.hs2(self.bn2(self.conv2(out)))
        out = F.avg_pool2d(out, 7)
        out = out.view(out.size(0), -1)
        out = self.hs3(self.bn3(self.linear3(out)))
        out = self.linear4(out)
        return out