【zookeeper】zookeeper单机和集群环境的搭建
首先去官网下载zookeeper安装包，本文采用3.4.6stable版本
http://zookeeper.apache.org/doc/r3.4.6/
tar命令解压后的目录结构如下：
[root@com23 zookeeper-3.4.6]# ll
total 1612
drwxr-xr-x 2 1000 1000 4096 Feb 20 2014 bin
-rw-rw-r-- 1 1000 1000 82446 Feb 20 2014 build.xml
-rw-rw-r-- 1 1000 1000 80776 Feb 20 2014 CHANGES.txt
drwxr-xr-x 2 1000 1000 4096 Jan 22 11:39 conf
drwxr-xr-x 10 1000 1000 4096 Feb 20 2014 contrib
drwxr-xr-x 2 1000 1000 4096 Feb 20 2014 dist-maven
drwxr-xr-x 6 1000 1000 4096 Feb 20 2014 docs
-rw-rw-r-- 1 1000 1000 1953 Feb 20 2014 ivysettings.xml
-rw-rw-r-- 1 1000 1000 3375 Feb 20 2014 ivy.xml
drwxr-xr-x 4 1000 1000 4096 Feb 20 2014 lib
-rw-rw-r-- 1 1000 1000 11358 Feb 20 2014 LICENSE.txt
-rw-rw-r-- 1 1000 1000 170 Feb 20 2014 NOTICE.txt
-rw-rw-r-- 1 1000 1000 1770 Feb 20 2014 README_packaging.txt
-rw-rw-r-- 1 1000 1000 1585 Feb 20 2014 README.txt
drwxr-xr-x 5 1000 1000 4096 Feb 20 2014 recipes
drwxr-xr-x 8 1000 1000 4096 Feb 20 2014 src
-rw-rw-r-- 1 1000 1000 1340305 Feb 20 2014 zookeeper-3.4.6.jar
-rw-rw-r-- 1 1000 1000 836 Feb 20 2014 zookeeper-3.4.6.jar.asc
-rw-rw-r-- 1 1000 1000 33 Feb 20 2014 zookeeper-3.4.6.jar.md5
-rw-rw-r-- 1 1000 1000 41 Feb 20 2014 zookeeper-3.4.6.jar.sha1
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 46852 Jan 22 11:42 zookeeper.out看zkEnv.sh就知道了
if [ "x$ZOOCFG" = "x" ]
then
ZOOCFG="zoo.cfg"
fi1、单机模式
文件内容如下：#the basic time unit in milliseconds used by zookeeper,it is used to do heartbeats and the min session timeout will be twice the tickTime
tickTime=2000
#the location to store the in-memory database snapshots and ,unless specified otherwise,the transaction log of updates to database
dataDir=/home/zookeeper/zkData
#the port to listen for client connections
clientPort=2181bin/zkServer.sh startbin/zkCli.sh -server serverIp:2181[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 27] ll
ZooKeeper -server host:port cmd args
connect host:port
get path [watch]
ls path [watch]
set path data [version]
rmr path
delquota [-n|-b] path
quit
printwatches on|off
create [-s] [-e] path data acl
stat path [watch]
close
ls2 path [watch]
history
listquota path
setAcl path acl
getAcl path
sync path
redo cmdno
addauth scheme auth
delete path [version]
setquota -n|-b val path2、集群模式
修改配置文件如下：
#the basic time unit in milliseconds used by zookeeper,it is used to do heartbeats and the min session timeout will be twice the tickTime
tickTime=2000
#the location to store the in-memory database snapshots and ,unless specified otherwise,the transaction log of updates to database
dataDir=/home/zookeeper/zkData
#the port to listen for client connections
clientPort=2181
#timeouts zookeeper uses to limit the length of time the zookeeper servers in quorum have to connect to a leader
initLimit=5
#limits how far out of date a server can be from a leader
syncLimit=2
#With both of above timeouts, you specify the unit of time using tickTime. In this example, the timeout for initLimit is 5 ticks at 2000 milleseconds a tick, or 10 seconds.
server.1=192.168.11.176:2888:3888
server.2=192.168.11.177:2888:3888
server.3=192.168.11.178:2888:3888这句话的意思，server.X中的x是从dataDir路径下的myid文件来读取的，所以我们要创建相应的myid文件，内容分别是1，2，3
至此，集群的配置已经完成了！
下面到各个节点机器上去启动zookeeper
sh bin/zkServer.sh start查看节点状态
[root@com23 zookeeper-3.4.6]# sh bin/zkServer.sh status
JMX enabled by default
Using config: /home/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Mode: leader[root@com22 zookeeper-3.4.6]# sh bin/zkServer.sh status
JMX enabled by default
Using config: /home/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Mode: follower[root@com21 zookeeper-3.4.6]# sh bin/zkServer.sh status
JMX enabled by default
Using config: /home/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Mode: follower这里补充一点：zookeeper的集群必须得奇数个节点，因为zookeeper有个机制，当集群中大于半数的节点挂了，整个zookeeper将停止服务，如果说是偶数台的话，一半对一半，zookeeper很难判断，所以zookeeper的集群建议偶数台搭建。
下面另起一个客户端去连接zk集群：
[root@com20 zookeeper-3.4.6]# sh bin/zkCli.sh -server 192.168.11.178:2181
Connecting to 192.168.11.178:2181
2015-01-22 14:41:08,947 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:zookeeper.version=3.4.6-1569965, built on 02/20/2014 09:09 GMT
2015-01-22 14:41:08,975 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:host.name=com20.authentication
2015-01-22 14:41:08,975 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:java.version=1.7.0_60
2015-01-22 14:41:08,989 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:java.vendor=Oracle Corporation
2015-01-22 14:41:08,990 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:java.home=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_67/jre
2015-01-22 14:41:08,991 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:java.class.path=/home/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/../build/classes:/home/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/../build/lib/*.jar:/home/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/../lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.6.1.jar:/home/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/../lib/slf4j-api-1.6.1.jar:/home/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/../lib/netty-3.7.0.Final.jar:/home/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/../lib/log4j-1.2.16.jar:/home/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/../lib/jline-0.9.94.jar:/home/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/../zookeeper-3.4.6.jar:/home/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/../src/java/lib/*.jar:/home/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/../conf:.:/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_67/lib:/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_67/lib/tools.jar:/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_67/lib/dt.jar:/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_67/jre/lib:/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_67/jre/lib/charsets.jar:/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_67/jre/lib/rt.jar
2015-01-22 14:41:08,991 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:java.library.path=/usr/java/packages/lib/amd64:/usr/lib64:/lib64:/lib:/usr/lib
2015-01-22 14:41:08,992 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:java.io.tmpdir=/tmp
2015-01-22 14:41:08,993 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:java.compiler=
2015-01-22 14:41:08,993 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:os.name=Linux
2015-01-22 14:41:08,994 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:os.arch=amd64
2015-01-22 14:41:08,995 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:os.version=2.6.18-308.el5
2015-01-22 14:41:08,995 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:user.name=root
2015-01-22 14:41:08,996 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:user.home=/root
2015-01-22 14:41:08,996 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:user.dir=/home/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.4.6
2015-01-22 14:41:09,000 [myid:] - INFO [main:ZooKeeper@438] - Initiating client connection, connectString=192.168.11.178:2181 sessionTimeout=30000 watcher=org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeperMain$MyWatcher@8afbefd
Welcome to ZooKeeper!
2015-01-22 14:41:09,187 [myid:] - INFO [main-SendThread(192.168.11.178:2181):ClientCnxn$SendThread@975] - Opening socket connection to server 192.168.11.178/192.168.11.178:2181. Will not attempt to authenticate using SASL (unknown error)
JLine support is enabled
2015-01-22 14:41:09,243 [myid:] - INFO [main-SendThread(192.168.11.178:2181):ClientCnxn$SendThread@852] - Socket connection established to 192.168.11.178/192.168.11.178:2181, initiating session
[zk: 192.168.11.178:2181(CONNECTING) 0] 2015-01-22 14:41:09,481 [myid:] - INFO [main-SendThread(192.168.11.178:2181):ClientCnxn$SendThread@1235] - Session establishment complete on server 192.168.11.178/192.168.11.178:2181, sessionid = 0x34b1057cbfa0000, negotiated timeout = 30000
WATCHER::
WatchedEvent state:SyncConnected type:None path:null
[zk: 192.168.11.178:2181(CONNECTED) 0]
[zk: 192.168.11.178:2181(CONNECTED) 1] ls /
[zookeeper, zk_test]
[zk: 192.168.11.178:2181(CONNECTED) 2] get /zk_test
my_data
cZxid = 0x5
ctime = Thu Jan 22 13:52:58 CST 2015
mZxid = 0x5
mtime = Thu Jan 22 13:52:58 CST 2015
pZxid = 0x5
cversion = 0
dataVersion = 0
aclVersion = 0
ephemeralOwner = 0x0
dataLength = 7
numChildren = 0
[zk: 192.168.11.178:2181(CONNECTED) 3] 如遇任何问题，建议大家去官网参考，官网的永远是权威！
http://zookeeper.apache.org/doc/r3.4.6/zookeeperStarted.html
共勉！