SpringMVC深入使用
(一)基于XML配置的使用
(1)配置
1.SpringMVC基础配置
2.XML配置Controller,HandlerMapping组件映射
3.XML配置ViewResolver组件映射
(2)步骤
1.在pom.xml中导入jar包
<dependency> <groupId>junitgroupId> <artifactId>junitartifactId> <version>4.11version> dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvcartifactId> <version>5.1.3.RELEASEversion> dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servletgroupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet-apiartifactId> <version>3.1.0version> dependency>
2.在web.xml中配置前置控制器
<servlet> <servlet-name>SpringMVCservlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServletservlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocationparam-name> <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xmlparam-value> init-param> servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>SpringMVCservlet-name> <url-pattern>/url-pattern> servlet-mapping>
3.创建一个MyHandler类,并继承Controller
package handle; import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; public class MyHandle implements Controller { @Override public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse) throws Exception { //装载模型数据和逻辑视图 ModelAndView modelAndView=new ModelAndView(); //添加模型数据 modelAndView.addObject("name","lili"); //添加逻辑视图 modelAndView.setViewName("index"); return modelAndView; } }
4.创建springmvc.xml,并在springmvc中配置HandlerMapping,Handler和视图解析器
xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> <bean id="handlerMapping" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping"> <property name="mappings"> <props> <prop key="/test">testHandlerprop> props> property> bean> <bean id="testHandler" class="handle.MyHandle">bean> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="prefix" value="/">property> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp">property> bean> beans>
5.在index.jsp页面上显示
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <%@page isELIgnored="false" %> <html> <head> <title>Titletitle> head> <body> ${name} body> html>
(二)基于注解方式的使用
(1)配置
1.SpringMVC基础配置
2. Controller,HandlerMapping通过注解进行映射
3.XML配置ViewResolver组件映射
(2)步骤
1.在pom.xml中导入jar包
<dependency> <groupId>junitgroupId> <artifactId>junitartifactId> <version>4.11version> dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvcartifactId> <version>5.1.3.RELEASEversion> dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servletgroupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet-apiartifactId> <version>3.1.0version> dependency>
2.在web.xml中配置前置控制器
<servlet> <servlet-name>SpringMVCservlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServletservlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocationparam-name> <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xmlparam-value> init-param> servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>SpringMVCservlet-name> <url-pattern>/url-pattern> servlet-mapping>
3.创建一个AnnotationHandler类
package handle; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.ui.Model; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; import java.util.Map; //让容器知道这个类是以控制器存在的 @Controller public class AnnotationHandler { /** * 业务方法1:ModelAndView完成数据的传递,视图的解析 */ @RequestMapping("/ModelAndViewTest") public ModelAndView ModelAndViewTest(){ //创建ModelAndView对象 ModelAndView modelAndView=new ModelAndView(); //填充模型数据 modelAndView.addObject("name","Tom"); //设置逻辑视图 modelAndView.setViewName("index"); return modelAndView; } /** * 业务方法2:Model传值,String进行视图解析 */ @RequestMapping("/ModelTest") public String ModelTest(Model model){ //填充模型数据 model.addAttribute("name","Lulu"); //设置逻辑视图 return "index"; } /** * 业务方法3:Map传值,String进行视图解析 */ @RequestMapping("/MapTest") public String MapTest(Mapmap){ //填充模型数据 map.put("name","Lisa"); //设置逻辑视图 return "index"; } }
4.创建springmvc.xml,并配置包自动扫描和视图解析器
xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <context:component-scan base-package="handle">context:component-scan> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="prefix" value="/">property> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp">property> bean> beans>
5.在index.jsp页面上显示
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <%@page isELIgnored="false" %> <html> <head> <title>Titletitle> head> <body> ${name} body> html>