正则表达式平时不常用，经常都是用的时候，临时抱佛脚，查文档，然后就是被各种坑之后，才会逐渐熟练。
在线正则表达式测试：http://tool.oschina.net/regex/
在线JSON格式化：https://www.bejson.com/
正则表达式手册：http://tool.oschina.net/uploads/apidocs/jquery/regexp.html
先来看下代码和运行效果吧
string msg, rex; Match m; msg = "昨日总能耗0度。 (长沙市口腔医院)星期一【紫衡技术】"; rex = @".*(昨日总?能耗)([0-9]{1,}[.]?[0-9]*)*度。 \((.*)\)(.{3}).*"; m = Regex.Match(msg, rex); Console.WriteLine("0:" + m.Success); WriteGroupInfo(m); //1 msg = @"上周总能耗28401.4度。 (沙井街道办)星期一【紫衡技术】"; rex = @".*(上周总?能耗)([0-9]{1,}[.][0-9]*)*度。 \((.*)\)(.{3}).*"; //昨日总能耗2582.1度。【长沙市天心区人民法院】2018 - 07 - 08【紫衡技术】 m = Regex.Match(msg, rex); var r = m.Success; Console.WriteLine("1:"+r); WriteGroupInfo(m); //2 rex = @".*(昨日总?能耗)([0-9]{1,}[.]?[0-9]*)*度。\【(.*)\】(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}).*"; msg= "昨日总能耗209.9度。【长沙市天心区人民检察院】2018-07-08【紫衡技术】"; Match m1 = Regex.Match(msg, rex); Console.WriteLine("2:"+m1.Success); WriteGroupInfo(m1); //3 rex = @".*(上周总?能耗)([0-9]{1,}[.]?[0-9]*)*度。 \((.*)\)(.{3}).*"; msg = "上周总能耗10922.4度。 (深圳市地方税务局第二稽查局)星期一【紫衡技术】"; m1 = Regex.Match(msg, rex); Console.WriteLine("3:"+m1.Success); WriteGroupInfo(m1); //4 rex = @".*(上月总?能耗)([0-9]{1,}[.]?[0-9]*)*度。 \((.*)\)(.{8}).*"; msg = "上月总能耗49276.9度。 (深圳市地方税务局第二稽查局)2018年06月【紫衡技术】"; m1 = Regex.Match(msg, rex); Console.WriteLine("4:"+m1.Success); WriteGroupInfo(m1); //5 rex = @".*(建筑名称)\：(.*)，在(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}).{3}([0-9]{1,}[.][0-9]*)*度。"; msg = "建筑名称：长沙市天心区人民法院，在2018-07-08日用电2582.1度。"; m1 = Regex.Match(msg, rex); Console.WriteLine("5:"+m1.Success); WriteGroupInfo(m1); //6 rex = @"(今日能耗)\：([0-9]{1,}[.]?[0-9]*)"; msg = "今日能耗：300【紫衡技术】"; m1 = Regex.Match(msg, rex); Console.WriteLine("6:" + m1.Success); WriteGroupInfo(m1); //^【([^】]+)】异常(.+?)服务(【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)
//*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*.+ rex = @"^【([^】]+)】异常(.+?)服务(【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*
(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*.+"; msg = "【公司WNC服务监控台】异常 - 服务【Secom.Emx.SmsServer.Service】未找到或者未安装！【紫衡技术】"; m1 = Regex.Match(msg, rex); Console.WriteLine("7:" + m1.Success); WriteGroupInfo(m1); Console.ReadKey(); } private static void WriteGroupInfo(Match m) { var g = m.Groups; if (g.Count > 0) { for (var i = 0; i < g.Count; i++) { Console.WriteLine(i+":"+g[i].Value); } } }
运行结果：
需要注意的地方，待匹配文字中的空格以及全角和半角字符要注意区分。
存储正则表达式字符串，不能存储到Json文件中，特殊字符会出现转义，存XML中没有这个问题。通过构造sql语句存储到mysql中的时候，反斜杠\将会被直接吃掉，所以插入之前要先进行转义。
var _TemplateReg = v.Value.TemplateReg.Replace("\\", "\\\\");
在C#中\\表示\，\\\\就表示\\。
之前在一个全局变量中存储了许多数据，现在我需要将其存储到数据库中。原来的代码如下：
////// 短信模板 /// #region old code Dictionary<string, SmsTemplate> templates = new Dictionary<string, SmsTemplate> { // 能耗日报模板 { "能耗提醒", new SmsTemplate { TemplateCode = "SMS_139242133", TemplateReg = @"测试短信通知", TemplateParam = new { name=string.Empty, date=string.Empty, energy=string.Empty }, SignName = "紫衡技术" } }, { "测试", new SmsTemplate { TemplateCode = "SMS_119091381", TemplateReg = @"测试短信通知", TemplateParam = new { name=string.Empty, date=string.Empty, energy=string.Empty }, SignName = "紫衡技术" } }, { "能耗", new SmsTemplate { TemplateCode = "SMS_119076277", TemplateReg = @"^[^(上周)|(上月)]*(能耗)值*[:：]*([\d.]+).*\(([^)]+)\)(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}).*$", TemplateParam = new { name=string.Empty, date=string.Empty, energy=string.Empty }, SignName = "能耗报告" } }, { "能耗Extend", new SmsTemplate { TemplateCode = "SMS_128880488", TemplateReg = @"^[^(上周)|(上月)]*(能耗)值*[:：]*([\d.]+).*\(([^)]+)\)(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}).*$", TemplateParam = new { name=string.Empty, date=string.Empty, energy=string.Empty, extend=string.Empty}, SignName = "能耗报告" } }, { "昨日能耗", new SmsTemplate { TemplateCode = "SMS_139242142", TemplateReg = @".*(昨日总?能耗)([0-9]{1,}[.]?[0-9]*)*度。 \((.*)\)(.{3}).*",//昨日总能耗16677.6度。 (天心区鑫远白天鹅酒店)星期一【紫衡技术】 TemplateParam = new { name=string.Empty, date=string.Empty, energy=string.Empty }, SignName = "能耗报告" } }, { "昨日能耗1", new SmsTemplate { TemplateCode = "SMS_139242142", TemplateReg = @".*(昨日总?能耗)([0-9]{1,}[.]?[0-9]*)*度。\【(.*)\】(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}).*",//昨日总能耗209.9度。【长沙市天心区人民检察院】2018-07-08【紫衡技术】 TemplateParam = new { name=string.Empty, date=string.Empty, energy=string.Empty }, SignName = "能耗报告" } }, { "上周能耗", new SmsTemplate { TemplateCode = "SMS_119081757", TemplateReg = @".*(上周总?能耗)值*[:：]*([\d.]+).*\(([^)]+)\)(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}).*", TemplateParam = new { name=string.Empty, date=string.Empty, energy=string.Empty }, SignName = "能耗报告" } }, { "上月能耗", new SmsTemplate { TemplateCode = "SMS_119086386", TemplateReg = @".*(上月总？能耗)值*[:：]*([\d.]+).*\(([^)]+)\)(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}).*", TemplateParam = new { name=string.Empty, date=string.Empty, energy=string.Empty }, SignName = "能耗报告" } }, { "定额", new SmsTemplate { TemplateCode = "SMS_119076277", TemplateReg = @".*(定额)值*[:：]*([\d.]+).*\(([^)]+)\)(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}).*", TemplateParam = new { name=string.Empty, date=string.Empty, energy=string.Empty }, SignName = "能耗报告" } }, { "基准", new SmsTemplate { TemplateCode = "SMS_119076277", TemplateReg = @".*(基准)值*[:：]*([\d.]+).*\(([^)]+)\)(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}).*", TemplateParam = new { name=string.Empty, date=string.Empty, energy=string.Empty }, SignName = "能耗报告" } }, { "节能量", new SmsTemplate { TemplateCode = "SMS_119076277", TemplateReg = @".*(节能量)值*[:：]*([\d.]+).*\(([^)]+)\)(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}).*", TemplateParam = new { name=string.Empty, date=string.Empty, energy=string.Empty }, SignName = "能耗报告" } }, { "优化", new SmsTemplate { TemplateCode = "SMS_119076277", TemplateReg = @".*(优化)值*[:：]*([\d.]+).*\(([^)]+)\)(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}).*", TemplateParam = new { name=string.Empty, date=string.Empty, energy=string.Empty }, SignName = "能耗报告" } }, // 报警日报模板 { "报警", new SmsTemplate { TemplateCode = "SMS_119076278", TemplateReg = @"(建筑\[)*(.+?)([\],，])*产生以下报警：(.+)(【紫衡技术】)", TemplateParam = new { name=string.Empty, date=string.Empty, alarm=string.Empty }, SignName = "能管系统报警" } }, // 运维工单模板 { "运维通知", new SmsTemplate { TemplateCode = "SMS_119091206", TemplateReg = "您有一条新的(.+)工单需处理【工单号[：:]([^】]+).+", TemplateParam = new { type=string.Empty, code=string.Empty }, SignName = "运维系统" } }, { "运维抢单", new SmsTemplate { TemplateCode = "SMS_119076276", TemplateReg = "您有一条新的(.+)工单(提示)*【工单号[：:]([^】]+).+", TemplateParam = new { type=string.Empty, code=string.Empty }, SignName = "运维系统" } }, { "运维派单", new SmsTemplate { TemplateCode = "SMS_119076273", TemplateReg = "您有新的(.+)工单无人[抢|接]单【工单号[：:]([^】]+).+", TemplateParam = new { type=string.Empty, code=string.Empty }, SignName = "运维系统" } }, { "库存不足", new SmsTemplate { TemplateCode = "SMS_119091203", TemplateReg = ".+【([^】]+)】.+库存已不足.+", TemplateParam = new { type=string.Empty, code=string.Empty }, SignName = "运维系统" } }, { "维修签到", new SmsTemplate { TemplateCode = "SMS_119076712", TemplateReg = ".*您有(.*)未签到【工单号：([^】]+)】.+", TemplateParam = new { type=string.Empty, code=string.Empty }, SignName = "运维系统" } } , { "报警抢单", new SmsTemplate { TemplateCode = "SMS_119091869", TemplateReg = "您有(.*)报警.*无人[抢|接]单【工单号[：:]([^】]+).+", TemplateParam = new { type=string.Empty, code=string.Empty }, SignName = "运维系统" } } , { "广医派工", new SmsTemplate { TemplateCode = "SMS_135795374", TemplateReg = "您有新的(.+)工单(.+)需处理，详情请打开“智慧机电运维系统APP”查看。", TemplateParam = new { type=string.Empty, code=string.Empty }, SignName = "运维系统" } } , { "报警签到", new SmsTemplate { TemplateCode = "SMS_119081998", TemplateReg = "您有(.*)报警事件未现场签到【工单号[：:]([^】]+).+", TemplateParam = new { type=string.Empty, code=string.Empty }, SignName = "运维系统" } }, { "未处理完崔单", new SmsTemplate { TemplateCode = "SMS_119076997", TemplateReg = "您有(.*)处理尚未完成【工单号[：:]([^】]+).+", TemplateParam = new { type=string.Empty, code=string.Empty }, SignName = "运维系统" } }, { "运维崔单", new SmsTemplate { TemplateCode = "SMS_119087014", TemplateReg = "您有一条(.+)催单提示【工单号[：:]([^】]+).+", TemplateParam = new { type=string.Empty, code=string.Empty }, SignName = "运维系统" } }, { "运维工单事件", new SmsTemplate { TemplateCode = "SMS_119091936", TemplateReg = "您有新的工单事件【工单号[：:]([^】]+).+", TemplateParam = new { type=string.Empty, code=string.Empty }, SignName = "运维系统" } }, { "MAN服务未找到异常", new SmsTemplate { TemplateCode = "SMS_120120306", TemplateReg = "^【([^】]+)】异常(.+?)服务(【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*.+", TemplateParam = new { type=string.Empty, code=string.Empty }, SignName = "能管365" } } }; #endregion
我想直接通过代码来自动将其迁移到mysql数据库中去。
////// 初始化数据，将原来代码中的模板配置生成并加载到数据库中 /// /// /// public int InitData(Dictionary<string, SmsTemplate> templates) { StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); sb.Append("INSERT INTO smstemplate VALUES"); foreach(var v in templates) { var _TemplateReg = v.Value.TemplateReg.Replace("\\", "\\\\"); sb.AppendFormat(@"('{0}','{1}','{2}','{3}','{4}'),",v.Key,v.Value.TemplateCode, _TemplateReg, JsonConvert.SerializeObject(v.Value.TemplateParam),v.Value.SignName); } string sql= sb.ToString().TrimEnd(','); var cmd = db.GetSqlStringCommand(sql); return db.ExecuteNonQuery(cmd); } /// /// 从数据库中加载模板配置列表 /// /// 模板配置列表 public Dictionary<string, SmsTemplate> GetSmsTemplate() { Dictionary<string, SmsTemplate> dic = new Dictionary<string, SmsTemplate>(); var sql = "SELECT `Key`,`TemplateCode`,`TemplateReg`,`TemplateParam`,`SignName` FROM smstemplate"; try { var cmd = db.GetSqlStringCommand(sql); SmsTemplate item; string key; using (var reader = db.ExecuteReader(cmd)) { while (reader.Read()) { key = reader.GetString(0); item = new SmsTemplate(); item.TemplateCode = reader.GetString(1); item.TemplateReg = reader.GetString(2); item.TemplateParam = (JObject)JsonConvert.DeserializeObject(reader.GetString(3)); item.SignName = reader.GetString(4); dic.Add(key, item); } } } catch(Exception ex) { throw new Exception(ex.Message); } return dic; }
构造完成后的sql脚本：
INSERT INTO smstemplate VALUES ( '能耗提醒', 'SMS_139242133', '测试短信通知', '{"name":"","date":"","energy":""}', '紫衡技术' ), ( '测试', 'SMS_119091381', '测试短信通知', '{"name":"","date":"","energy":""}', '紫衡技术' ), ( '能耗', 'SMS_119076277', '^[^(上周)|(上月)]*(能耗)值*[:：]*([\\d.]+).*\\(([^)]+)\\)(\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2}).*$', '{"name":"","date":"","energy":""}', '能耗报告' ), ( '能耗Extend', 'SMS_128880488', '^[^(上周)|(上月)]*(能耗)值*[:：]*([\\d.]+).*\\(([^)]+)\\)(\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2}).*$', '{"name":"","date":"","energy":"","extend":""}', '能耗报告' ), ( '昨日能耗', 'SMS_139242142', '.*(昨日总?能耗)([0-9]{1,}[.]?[0-9]*)*度。 \\((.*)\\)(.{3}).*', '{"name":"","date":"","energy":""}', '能耗报告' ), ( '昨日能耗1', 'SMS_139242142', '.*(昨日总?能耗)([0-9]{1,}[.]?[0-9]*)*度。\\【(.*)\\】(\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2}).*', '{"name":"","date":"","energy":""}', '能耗报告' ), ( '上周能耗', 'SMS_119081757', '.*(上周总?能耗)值*[:：]*([\\d.]+).*\\(([^)]+)\\)(\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2}).*', '{"name":"","date":"","energy":""}', '能耗报告' ), ( '上月能耗', 'SMS_119086386', '.*(上月总？能耗)值*[:：]*([\\d.]+).*\\(([^)]+)\\)(\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2}).*', '{"name":"","date":"","energy":""}', '能耗报告' ), ( '定额', 'SMS_119076277', '.*(定额)值*[:：]*([\\d.]+).*\\(([^)]+)\\)(\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2}).*', '{"name":"","date":"","energy":""}', '能耗报告' ), ( '基准', 'SMS_119076277', '.*(基准)值*[:：]*([\\d.]+).*\\(([^)]+)\\)(\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2}).*', '{"name":"","date":"","energy":""}', '能耗报告' ), ( '节能量', 'SMS_119076277', '.*(节能量)值*[:：]*([\\d.]+).*\\(([^)]+)\\)(\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2}).*', '{"name":"","date":"","energy":""}', '能耗报告' ), ( '优化', 'SMS_119076277', '.*(优化)值*[:：]*([\\d.]+).*\\(([^)]+)\\)(\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2}).*', '{"name":"","date":"","energy":""}', '能耗报告' ), ( '报警', 'SMS_119076278', '(建筑\\[)*(.+?)([\\],，])*产生以下报警：(.+)(【紫衡技术】)', '{"name":"","date":"","alarm":""}', '能管系统报警' ), ( '运维通知', 'SMS_119091206', '您有一条新的(.+)工单需处理【工单号[：:]([^】]+).+', '{"type":"","code":""}', '运维系统' ), ( '运维抢单', 'SMS_119076276', '您有一条新的(.+)工单(提示)*【工单号[：:]([^】]+).+', '{"type":"","code":""}', '运维系统' ), ( '运维派单', 'SMS_119076273', '您有新的(.+)工单无人[抢|接]单【工单号[：:]([^】]+).+', '{"type":"","code":""}', '运维系统' ), ( '库存不足', 'SMS_119091203', '.+【([^】]+)】.+库存已不足.+', '{"type":"","code":""}', '运维系统' ), ( '维修签到', 'SMS_119076712', '.*您有(.*)未签到【工单号：([^】]+)】.+', '{"type":"","code":""}', '运维系统' ), ( '报警抢单', 'SMS_119091869', '您有(.*)报警.*无人[抢|接]单【工单号[：:]([^】]+).+', '{"type":"","code":""}', '运维系统' ), ( '广医派工', 'SMS_135795374', '您有新的(.+)工单(.+)需处理，详情请打开“智慧机电运维系统APP”查看。', '{"type":"","code":""}', '运维系统' ), ( '报警签到', 'SMS_119081998', '您有(.*)报警事件未现场签到【工单号[：:]([^】]+).+', '{"type":"","code":""}', '运维系统' ), ( '未处理完崔单', 'SMS_119076997', '您有(.*)处理尚未完成【工单号[：:]([^】]+).+', '{"type":"","code":""}', '运维系统' ), ( '运维崔单', 'SMS_119087014', '您有一条(.+)催单提示【工单号[：:]([^】]+).+', '{"type":"","code":""}', '运维系统' ), ( '运维工单事件', 'SMS_119091936', '您有新的工单事件【工单号[：:]([^】]+).+', '{"type":"","code":""}', '运维系统' ), ( 'MAN服务未找到异常', 'SMS_120120306', '^【([^】]+)】异常(.+?)服务(【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*(服务【([^】]+)】未找到或者未安装！)*.+', '{"type":"","code":""}', '能管365' )
JsonConvert.SerializeObject(v.Value.TemplateParam)，把原来的对象进行序列化。
之前一直用的在线正则表达式匹配http://tool.oschina.net/regex/，不过发现不方便，于是我自己写了一个小工具。
源码下载：https://github.com/zouyujie/RegexTool
吐槽：阿里云的短信平台，短信模板中的单个变量长度不超过20个字符，而且还不支持组合变量，变量之间要用文字或者字符隔开，这样一来，假设我有需要发出去的变量文字是超过20个字符的，就不得不拆开，中间还要用字符或者汉字拆开，那么这样的话，客户收到的短信岂不是很奇葩，活生生的一些连续的描述文字被拆开了。
记录以备忘。