网站日志流量系统----【数据采集模块、数据预处理模块】
1. 模块开发----数据采集
1.1 需求
在网站 web 流量日志分析这种场景中，对数据采集部分的可靠性、容错能力要求通常不会非常严苛，因此使用通用的 flume 日志采集框架完全可以满足需求。
1. 2 Flume 日志采集系统
1.2.1 Flume 采集
Flume 采集系统的搭建相对简单：
1、在服务器上部署 agent 节点，修改配置文件
2、启动 agent 节点，将采集到的数据汇聚到指定的 HDFS 目录中
针对 nginx 日志生成场景，如果通过 flume（1.6）收集，无论是 Spooling Directory
Source 和 Exec Source 均不能满足动态实时收集的需求，在当前 flume1.7 稳定版本中，提供了一个非常好用的 TaildirSource，使用这个 source，可以监控一个目录，并且使用正则表达式匹配该目录中的文件名进行实时收集。
核心配置如下 :
a1.sources = r1
a1.sources.r1.type = TAILDIR
a1.sources.r1.channels = c1
a1.sources.r1.positionFile = /var/log/flume/taildir_position.json
a1.sources.r1.filegroups = f1 f2
a1.sources.r1.filegroups.f1 = /var/log/test1/example.log
a1.sources.r1.filegroups.f2 = /var/log/test2/.*log.*
filegroups:指定 filegroups，可以有多个，以空格分隔；（TailSource 可以同时监控
tail 多个目录中的文件）
positionFile:配置检查点文件的路径，检查点文件会以 json 格式保存已经 tail 文件的位置，解决了断点不能续传的缺陷。
filegroups.：配置每个 filegroup 的文件绝对路径，文件名可以用正则表达式匹配
1.2.2 数据内容样例
58.215.204.118 - - [18/Sep/2013:06:51:35 +0000] "GET /wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.js?ver=1.10.2 HTTP/1.1"
304 0 "http://blog.fens.me/nodejs-socketio-chat/" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1; rv:23.0) Gecko/20100101
Firefox/23.0"
字段解析：
1、访客 ip 地址： 58.215.204.118
2、访客用户信息： - -
3、请求时间：[18/Sep/2013:06:51:35 +0000]
4、请求方式：GET
5、请求的 url：/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.js?ver=1.10.2
6、请求所用协议：HTTP/1.1
7、响应码：304
8、返回的数据流量：0
9、访客的来源 url：http://blog.fens.me/nodejs-socketio-chat/
10、访客所用浏览器：Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1; rv:23.0) Gecko/20100101
Firefox/23.0
2. 模块开发----数据预处理
2.1 主要目的
过滤“不合规”数据，清洗无意义的数据
格式转换和规整
根据后续的统计需求，过滤分离出各种不同主题(不同栏目 path)的基础数据。
2.2 实现方式
首先编写一个WebLogBean用于存储javabean类型的数据
package cn.itcast.bigdata.weblog.mrbean;
import java.io.DataInput;
import java.io.DataOutput;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.text.ParseException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Locale;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Writable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.WritableComparable;
/**
* 对接外部数据的层，表结构定义最好跟外部数据源保持一致
* 术语： 贴源表
* @author
*
*/
public class WebLogBean implements Writable {
private boolean valid = true;// 判断数据是否合法
private String remote_addr;// 记录客户端的ip地址
private String remote_user;// 记录客户端用户名称,忽略属性"-"
private String time_local;// 记录访问时间与时区
private String request;// 记录请求的url与http协议
private String status;// 记录请求状态；成功是200
private String body_bytes_sent;// 记录发送给客户端文件主体内容大小
private String http_referer;// 用来记录从那个页面链接访问过来的
private String http_user_agent;// 记录客户浏览器的相关信息
public void set(boolean valid,String remote_addr, String remote_user, String time_local, String request, String status, String body_bytes_sent, String http_referer, String http_user_agent) {
this.valid = valid;
this.remote_addr = remote_addr;
this.remote_user = remote_user;
this.time_local = time_local;
this.request = request;
this.status = status;
this.body_bytes_sent = body_bytes_sent;
this.http_referer = http_referer;
this.http_user_agent = http_user_agent;
}
public String getRemote_addr() {
return remote_addr;
}
public void setRemote_addr(String remote_addr) {
this.remote_addr = remote_addr;
}
public String getRemote_user() {
return remote_user;
}
public void setRemote_user(String remote_user) {
this.remote_user = remote_user;
}
public String getTime_local() {
return this.time_local;
}
public void setTime_local(String time_local) {
this.time_local = time_local;
}
public String getRequest() {
return request;
}
public void setRequest(String request) {
this.request = request;
}
public String getStatus() {
return status;
}
public void setStatus(String status) {
this.status = status;
}
public String getBody_bytes_sent() {
return body_bytes_sent;
}
public void setBody_bytes_sent(String body_bytes_sent) {
this.body_bytes_sent = body_bytes_sent;
}
public String getHttp_referer() {
return http_referer;
}
public void setHttp_referer(String http_referer) {
this.http_referer = http_referer;
}
public String getHttp_user_agent() {
return http_user_agent;
}
public void setHttp_user_agent(String http_user_agent) {
this.http_user_agent = http_user_agent;
}
public boolean isValid() {
return valid;
}
public void setValid(boolean valid) {
this.valid = valid;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(this.valid);
sb.append("\001").append(this.getRemote_addr());
sb.append("\001").append(this.getRemote_user());
sb.append("\001").append(this.getTime_local());
sb.append("\001").append(this.getRequest());
sb.append("\001").append(this.getStatus());
sb.append("\001").append(this.getBody_bytes_sent());
sb.append("\001").append(this.getHttp_referer());
sb.append("\001").append(this.getHttp_user_agent());
return sb.toString();
}
@Override
public void readFields(DataInput in) throws IOException {
this.valid = in.readBoolean();
this.remote_addr = in.readUTF();
this.remote_user = in.readUTF();
this.time_local = in.readUTF();
this.request = in.readUTF();
this.status = in.readUTF();
this.body_bytes_sent = in.readUTF();
this.http_referer = in.readUTF();
this.http_user_agent = in.readUTF();
}
@Override
public void write(DataOutput out) throws IOException {
out.writeBoolean(this.valid);
out.writeUTF(null==remote_addr?"":remote_addr);
out.writeUTF(null==remote_user?"":remote_user);
out.writeUTF(null==time_local?"":time_local);
out.writeUTF(null==request?"":request);
out.writeUTF(null==status?"":status);
out.writeUTF(null==body_bytes_sent?"":body_bytes_sent);
out.writeUTF(null==http_referer?"":http_referer);
out.writeUTF(null==http_user_agent?"":http_user_agent);
}
}
由于初步处理数据 , 是为了获得可用的且将日期 , 分隔符进行初步修改 , 因此不需要进行聚合工作 , 即不需要reduce
编写map代码
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.LongWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.NullWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Mapper;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.FileInputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.output.FileOutputFormat;
/**
* 处理原始日志，过滤出真实pv请求 转换时间格式 对缺失字段填充默认值 对记录标记valid和invalid
*
*/
public class WeblogPreProcess {
static class WeblogPreProcessMapper extends Mapper<LongWritable, Text, Text, NullWritable> {
// 用来存储网站url分类数据
Set<String> pages = new HashSet<String>();
Text k = new Text();
NullWritable v = NullWritable.get();
/**
* 从外部配置文件中加载网站的有用url分类数据 存储到maptask的内存中，用来对日志数据进行过滤
*/
@Override
protected void setup(Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
pages.add("/about");
pages.add("/black-ip-list/");
pages.add("/cassandra-clustor/");
pages.add("/finance-rhive-repurchase/");
pages.add("/hadoop-family-roadmap/");
pages.add("/hadoop-hive-intro/");
pages.add("/hadoop-zookeeper-intro/");
pages.add("/hadoop-mahout-roadmap/");
}
@Override
protected void map(LongWritable key, Text value, Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
String line = value.toString();
WebLogBean webLogBean = WebLogParser.parser(line);
if (webLogBean != null) {
// 过滤js/图片/css等静态资源
WebLogParser.filtStaticResource(webLogBean, pages);
/* if (!webLogBean.isValid()) return; */
k.set(webLogBean.toString());
context.write(k, v);
}
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Configuration conf = new Configuration();
Job job = Job.getInstance(conf);
job.setJarByClass(WeblogPreProcess.class);
job.setMapperClass(WeblogPreProcessMapper.class);
job.setOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
job.setOutputValueClass(NullWritable.class);
// FileInputFormat.setInputPaths(job, new Path(args[0]));
// FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job, new Path(args[1]));
FileInputFormat.setInputPaths(job, new Path("d:/weblog/input"));
FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job, new Path("d:/weblog/output"));
job.setNumReduceTasks(0);
boolean res = job.waitForCompletion(true);
System.exit(res?0:1);
}
}
首先进行对数据的初步分析 , 将有用的url筛选出来 , 因此重写了Writable的初始化方法即setup方法 , 用于对日志文件进行过滤
其次 , 我们在对数据进行遍历操作时 , 我们编写了一个WebLogParser类用于处理日志数据 , 里面对日期的格式进行了转换 , 并且对js/图片/css等静态资源进行了过滤
最终实现文件的读取转换 , 即获得了初步数据处理
WebLogParser方法代码如下 :
import java.text.ParseException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.Set;
public class WebLogParser {
public static SimpleDateFormat df1 = new SimpleDateFormat("dd/MMM/yyyy:HH:mm:ss", Locale.US);
public static SimpleDateFormat df2 = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss", Locale.US);
public static WebLogBean parser(String line) {
WebLogBean webLogBean = new WebLogBean();
String[] arr = line.split(" ");
if (arr.length > 11) {
webLogBean.setRemote_addr(arr[0]);
webLogBean.setRemote_user(arr[1]);
String time_local = formatDate(arr[3].substring(1));
if(null==time_local || "".equals(time_local)) time_local="-invalid_time-";
webLogBean.setTime_local(time_local);
webLogBean.setRequest(arr[6]);
webLogBean.setStatus(arr[8]);
webLogBean.setBody_bytes_sent(arr[9]);
webLogBean.setHttp_referer(arr[10]);
//如果useragent元素较多，拼接useragent
if (arr.length > 12) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
for(int i=11;i<arr.length;i++){
sb.append(arr[i]);
}
webLogBean.setHttp_user_agent(sb.toString());
} else {
webLogBean.setHttp_user_agent(arr[11]);
}
if (Integer.parseInt(webLogBean.getStatus()) >= 400) {// 大于400，HTTP错误
webLogBean.setValid(false);
}
if("-invalid_time-".equals(webLogBean.getTime_local())){
webLogBean.setValid(false);
}
} else {
webLogBean=null;
}
return webLogBean;
}
public static void filtStaticResource(WebLogBean bean, Set<String> pages) {
if (!pages.contains(bean.getRequest())) {
bean.setValid(false);
}
}
//格式化时间方法
public static String formatDate(String time_local) {
try {
return df2.format(df1.parse(time_local));
} catch (ParseException e) {
return null;
}
}
}
获得如下图的数据格式
2.3 点击流模型数据梳理
首先对清洗后的原始数据进行maptask操作 , 输出结果格式为
类型 ; reducetask对其进行处理 , 对对象集合根据某一属性进行
排序, 此时运用到Collection.sort(数据集合) , 重写排序规则 , 将获取的参数用pageViewBean封装处理 , 获取到对应的session , ip , 地址 , 时间 , 访问页面 , url , 停留时间 , 第几步等参数信息遍历数据集合 , 判断两次时间间隔是否大于30分钟 , 若大于 , 则属于另一个会话 , 若小于 , 则属于同一个会话
我们将reducetask输出的数据类型定义为
首先封装好PageViewBean.java
import java.io.DataInput;
import java.io.DataOutput;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Writable;
public class PageViewsBean implements Writable {
private String session;
private String remote_addr;
private String timestr;
private String request;
private int step;
private String staylong;
private String referal;
private String useragent;
private String bytes_send;
private String status;
public void set(String session, String remote_addr, String useragent, String timestr, String request, int step, String staylong, String referal, String bytes_send, String status) {
this.session = session;
this.remote_addr = remote_addr;
this.useragent = useragent;
this.timestr = timestr;
this.request = request;
this.step = step;
this.staylong = staylong;
this.referal = referal;
this.bytes_send = bytes_send;
this.status = status;
}
public String getSession() {
return session;
}
public void setSession(String session) {
this.session = session;
}
public String getRemote_addr() {
return remote_addr;
}
public void setRemote_addr(String remote_addr) {
this.remote_addr = remote_addr;
}
public String getTimestr() {
return timestr;
}
public void setTimestr(String timestr) {
this.timestr = timestr;
}
public String getRequest() {
return request;
}
public void setRequest(String request) {
this.request = request;
}
public int getStep() {
return step;
}
public void setStep(int step) {
this.step = step;
}
public String getStaylong() {
return staylong;
}
public void setStaylong(String staylong) {
this.staylong = staylong;
}
public String getReferal() {
return referal;
}
public void setReferal(String referal) {
this.referal = referal;
}
public String getUseragent() {
return useragent;
}
public void setUseragent(String useragent) {
this.useragent = useragent;
}
public String getBytes_send() {
return bytes_send;
}
public void setBytes_send(String bytes_send) {
this.bytes_send = bytes_send;
}
public String getStatus() {
return status;
}
public void setStatus(String status) {
this.status = status;
}
@Override
public void readFields(DataInput in) throws IOException {
this.session = in.readUTF();
this.remote_addr = in.readUTF();
this.timestr = in.readUTF();
this.request = in.readUTF();
this.step = in.readInt();
this.staylong = in.readUTF();
this.referal = in.readUTF();
this.useragent = in.readUTF();
this.bytes_send = in.readUTF();
this.status = in.readUTF();
}
@Override
public void write(DataOutput out) throws IOException {
out.writeUTF(session);
out.writeUTF(remote_addr);
out.writeUTF(timestr);
out.writeUTF(request);
out.writeInt(step);
out.writeUTF(staylong);
out.writeUTF(referal);
out.writeUTF(useragent);
out.writeUTF(bytes_send);
out.writeUTF(status);
}
}
编写点击流的mr程序ClickStreamPageView.java
import java.io.IOException;
import java.text.ParseException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.UUID;
import org.apache.commons.beanutils.BeanUtils;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.LongWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.NullWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Mapper;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Reducer;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.FileInputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.output.FileOutputFormat;
/**
*
* 将清洗之后的日志梳理出点击流pageviews模型数据
*
* 输入数据是清洗过后的结果数据
*
* 区分出每一次会话，给每一次visit（session）增加了session-id（随机uuid）
* 梳理出每一次会话中所访问的每个页面（请求时间，url，停留时长，以及该页面在这次session中的序号）
* 保留referral_url，body_bytes_send，useragent
*
*
* @author
*
*/
public class ClickStreamPageView {
static class ClickStreamMapper extends Mapper<LongWritable, Text, Text, WebLogBean> {
Text k = new Text();
WebLogBean v = new WebLogBean();
@Override
protected void map(LongWritable key, Text value, Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
String line = value.toString();
String[] fields = line.split("\001");
if (fields.length < 9) return;
//将切分出来的各字段set到weblogbean中
v.set("true".equals(fields[0]) ? true : false, fields[1], fields[2], fields[3], fields[4], fields[5], fields[6], fields[7], fields[8]);
//只有有效记录才进入后续处理
if (v.isValid()) {
//此处用ip地址来标识用户
k.set(v.getRemote_addr());
context.write(k, v);
}
}
}
static class ClickStreamReducer extends Reducer<Text, WebLogBean, NullWritable, Text> {
Text v = new Text();
@Override
protected void reduce(Text key, Iterable<WebLogBean> values, Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
ArrayList<WebLogBean> beans = new ArrayList<WebLogBean>();
// 先将一个用户的所有访问记录中的时间拿出来排序
try {
for (WebLogBean bean : values) {
WebLogBean webLogBean = new WebLogBean();
try {
BeanUtils.copyProperties(webLogBean, bean);
} catch(Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
beans.add(webLogBean);
}
//将bean按时间先后顺序排序
Collections.sort(beans, new Comparator<WebLogBean>() {
@Override
public int compare(WebLogBean o1, WebLogBean o2) {
try {
Date d1 = toDate(o1.getTime_local());
Date d2 = toDate(o2.getTime_local());
if (d1 == null || d2 == null)
return 0;
return d1.compareTo(d2);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return 0;
}
}
});
/**
* 以下逻辑为：从有序bean中分辨出各次visit，并对一次visit中所访问的page按顺序标号step
* 核心思想：
* 就是比较相邻两条记录中的时间差，如果时间差<30分钟，则该两条记录属于同一个session
* 否则，就属于不同的session
*
*/
int step = 1;
String session = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
for (int i = 0; i < beans.size(); i++) {
WebLogBean bean = beans.get(i);
// 如果仅有1条数据，则直接输出
if (1 == beans.size()) {
// 设置默认停留时长为60s
v.set(session+"\001"+key.toString()+"\001"+bean.getRemote_user() + "\001" + bean.getTime_local() + "\001" + bean.getRequest() + "\001" + step + "\001" + (60) + "\001" + bean.getHttp_referer() + "\001" + bean.getHttp_user_agent() + "\001" + bean.getBody_bytes_sent() + "\001"
+ bean.getStatus());
context.write(NullWritable.get(), v);
session = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
break;
}
// 如果不止1条数据，则将第一条跳过不输出，遍历第二条时再输出
if (i == 0) {
continue;
}
// 求近两次时间差
long timeDiff = timeDiff(toDate(bean.getTime_local()), toDate(beans.get(i - 1).getTime_local()));
// 如果本次-上次时间差<30分钟，则输出前一次的页面访问信息
if (timeDiff < 30 * 60 * 1000) {
v.set(session+"\001"+key.toString()+"\001"+beans.get(i - 1).getRemote_user() + "\001" + beans.get(i - 1).getTime_local() + "\001" + beans.get(i - 1).getRequest() + "\001" + step + "\001" + (timeDiff / 1000) + "\001" + beans.get(i - 1).getHttp_referer() + "\001"
+ beans.get(i - 1).getHttp_user_agent() + "\001" + beans.get(i - 1).getBody_bytes_sent() + "\001" + beans.get(i - 1).getStatus());
context.write(NullWritable.get(), v);
step++;
} else {
// 如果本次-上次时间差>30分钟，则输出前一次的页面访问信息且将step重置，以分隔为新的visit
v.set(session+"\001"+key.toString()+"\001"+beans.get(i - 1).getRemote_user() + "\001" + beans.get(i - 1).getTime_local() + "\001" + beans.get(i - 1).getRequest() + "\001" + (step) + "\001" + (60) + "\001" + beans.get(i - 1).getHttp_referer() + "\001"
+ beans.get(i - 1).getHttp_user_agent() + "\001" + beans.get(i - 1).getBody_bytes_sent() + "\001" + beans.get(i - 1).getStatus());
context.write(NullWritable.get(), v);
// 输出完上一条之后，重置step编号
step = 1;
session = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
}
// 如果此次遍历的是最后一条，则将本条直接输出
if (i == beans.size() - 1) {
// 设置默认停留市场为60s
v.set(session+"\001"+key.toString()+"\001"+bean.getRemote_user() + "\001" + bean.getTime_local() + "\001" + bean.getRequest() + "\001" + step + "\001" + (60) + "\001" + bean.getHttp_referer() + "\001" + bean.getHttp_user_agent() + "\001" + bean.getBody_bytes_sent() + "\001" + bean.getStatus());
context.write(NullWritable.get(), v);
}
}
} catch (ParseException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
private String toStr(Date date) {
SimpleDateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss", Locale.US);
return df.format(date);
}
private Date toDate(String timeStr) throws ParseException {
SimpleDateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss", Locale.US);
return df.parse(timeStr);
}
private long timeDiff(String time1, String time2) throws ParseException {
Date d1 = toDate(time1);
Date d2 = toDate(time2);
return d1.getTime() - d2.getTime();
}
private long timeDiff(Date time1, Date time2) throws ParseException {
return time1.getTime() - time2.getTime();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Configuration conf = new Configuration();
Job job = Job.getInstance(conf);
job.setJarByClass(ClickStreamPageView.class);
job.setMapperClass(ClickStreamMapper.class);
job.setReducerClass(ClickStreamReducer.class);
job.setMapOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
job.setMapOutputValueClass(WebLogBean.class);
job.setOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
job.setOutputValueClass(Text.class);
// FileInputFormat.setInputPaths(job, new Path(args[0]));
// FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job, new Path(args[1]));
FileInputFormat.setInputPaths(job, new Path("d:/weblog/output"));
FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job, new Path("d:/weblog/pageviews"));
job.waitForCompletion(true);
}
}
获得如下格式的数据 , 获取的数据格式为(sessionid,ip, 时间,url,步号,停留时间,访问,访问次数,状态码)
2.4 点击流模型visit信息表
首先获取pageViews的数据 , 经过map程序后到达visit的reducetask , 同样的将输出的数据封装成VisitBean输出
VisitBean数据格式(session , remote_addr , inTime , outTime , inPage , outPage , referal , pageVisits)
封装VisitBean.java
import java.io.DataInput;
import java.io.DataOutput;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Writable;
public class VisitBean implements Writable {
private String session;
private String remote_addr;
private String inTime;
private String outTime;
private String inPage;
private String outPage;
private String referal;
private int pageVisits;
public void set(String session, String remote_addr, String inTime, String outTime, String inPage, String outPage, String referal, int pageVisits) {
this.session = session;
this.remote_addr = remote_addr;
this.inTime = inTime;
this.outTime = outTime;
this.inPage = inPage;
this.outPage = outPage;
this.referal = referal;
this.pageVisits = pageVisits;
}
public String getSession() {
return session;
}
public void setSession(String session) {
this.session = session;
}
public String getRemote_addr() {
return remote_addr;
}
public void setRemote_addr(String remote_addr) {
this.remote_addr = remote_addr;
}
public String getInTime() {
return inTime;
}
public void setInTime(String inTime) {
this.inTime = inTime;
}
public String getOutTime() {
return outTime;
}
public void setOutTime(String outTime) {
this.outTime = outTime;
}
public String getInPage() {
return inPage;
}
public void setInPage(String inPage) {
this.inPage = inPage;
}
public String getOutPage() {
return outPage;
}
public void setOutPage(String outPage) {
this.outPage = outPage;
}
public String getReferal() {
return referal;
}
public void setReferal(String referal) {
this.referal = referal;
}
public int getPageVisits() {
return pageVisits;
}
public void setPageVisits(int pageVisits) {
this.pageVisits = pageVisits;
}
@Override
public void readFields(DataInput in) throws IOException {
this.session = in.readUTF();
this.remote_addr = in.readUTF();
this.inTime = in.readUTF();
this.outTime = in.readUTF();
this.inPage = in.readUTF();
this.outPage = in.readUTF();
this.referal = in.readUTF();
this.pageVisits = in.readInt();
}
@Override
public void write(DataOutput out) throws IOException {
out.writeUTF(session);
out.writeUTF(remote_addr);
out.writeUTF(inTime);
out.writeUTF(outTime);
out.writeUTF(inPage);
out.writeUTF(outPage);
out.writeUTF(referal);
out.writeInt(pageVisits);
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return session + "\001" + remote_addr + "\001" + inTime + "\001" + outTime + "\001" + inPage + "\001" + outPage + "\001" + referal + "\001" + pageVisits;
}
}
编写Visit的mr程序ClickStreamVisit.java
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Comparator;
import org.apache.commons.beanutils.BeanUtils;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.LongWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.NullWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Mapper;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Reducer;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.FileInputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.output.FileOutputFormat;
/**
* 输入数据：pageviews模型结果数据
* 从pageviews模型结果数据中进一步梳理出visit模型
* sessionid start-time out-time start-page out-page pagecounts ......
*
* @author
*
*/
public class ClickStreamVisit {
// 以session作为key，发送数据到reducer
static class ClickStreamVisitMapper extends Mapper<LongWritable, Text, Text, PageViewsBean> {
PageViewsBean pvBean = new PageViewsBean();
Text k = new Text();
@Override
protected void map(LongWritable key, Text value, Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
String line = value.toString();
String[] fields = line.split("\001");
int step = Integer.parseInt(fields[5]);
//(String session, String remote_addr, String timestr, String request, int step, String staylong, String referal, String useragent, String bytes_send, String status)
//299d6b78-9571-4fa9-bcc2-f2567c46df3472.46.128.140-2013-09-18 07:58:50/hadoop-zookeeper-intro/160"https://www.google.com/""Mozilla/5.0"14722200
pvBean.set(fields[0], fields[1], fields[2], fields[3],fields[4], step, fields[6], fields[7], fields[8], fields[9]);
k.set(pvBean.getSession());
context.write(k, pvBean);
}
}
static class ClickStreamVisitReducer extends Reducer<Text, PageViewsBean, NullWritable, VisitBean> {
@Override
protected void reduce(Text session, Iterable<PageViewsBean> pvBeans, Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
// 将pvBeans按照step排序
ArrayList<PageViewsBean> pvBeansList = new ArrayList<PageViewsBean>();
for (PageViewsBean pvBean : pvBeans) {
PageViewsBean bean = new PageViewsBean();
try {
BeanUtils.copyProperties(bean, pvBean);
pvBeansList.add(bean);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
Collections.sort(pvBeansList, new Comparator<PageViewsBean>() {
@Override
public int compare(PageViewsBean o1, PageViewsBean o2) {
return o1.getStep() > o2.getStep() ? 1 : -1;
}
});
// 取这次visit的首尾pageview记录，将数据放入VisitBean中
VisitBean visitBean = new VisitBean();
// 取visit的首记录
visitBean.setInPage(pvBeansList.get(0).getRequest());
visitBean.setInTime(pvBeansList.get(0).getTimestr());
// 取visit的尾记录
visitBean.setOutPage(pvBeansList.get(pvBeansList.size() - 1).getRequest());
visitBean.setOutTime(pvBeansList.get(pvBeansList.size() - 1).getTimestr());
// visit访问的页面数
visitBean.setPageVisits(pvBeansList.size());
// 来访者的ip
visitBean.setRemote_addr(pvBeansList.get(0).getRemote_addr());
// 本次visit的referal
visitBean.setReferal(pvBeansList.get(0).getReferal());
visitBean.setSession(session.toString());
context.write(NullWritable.get(), visitBean);
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Configuration conf = new Configuration();
Job job = Job.getInstance(conf);
job.setJarByClass(ClickStreamVisit.class);
job.setMapperClass(ClickStreamVisitMapper.class);
job.setReducerClass(ClickStreamVisitReducer.class);
job.setMapOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
job.setMapOutputValueClass(PageViewsBean.class);
job.setOutputKeyClass(NullWritable.class);
job.setOutputValueClass(VisitBean.class);
// FileInputFormat.setInputPaths(job, new Path(args[0]));
// FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job, new Path(args[1]));
FileInputFormat.setInputPaths(job, new Path("d:/weblog/pageviews"));
FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job, new Path("d:/weblog/visitout"));
boolean res = job.waitForCompletion(true);
System.exit(res?0:1);
}
}
获得如下格式的数据
小知识点 : 关于mr程序输出文件名
part-r-00000 表示是reducetask的输出 part-m-00000 表示是maptask的输出
小结 :
-
数据预处理编程技巧
-
对于本次分析无利用的数据 通常采用逻辑删除 建立标记位 通过01或者true false表示数据是否有效
-
对于最后一个字段不固定的情况 可以采用动态拼接的方式
-
静态资源过滤
js css img (静态数据) 只关心真正请求页面的（index.html）
data（动态数据）
-
在mr中，如果涉及小且频繁使用的数据，如何优化？
- 每次都从数据库查询 效率极低
- 可以通过数据结构保存在内存中 方便查询 一般在setup方法中进行初始化操作
-
-
扩展 : 修改Collection.sort中的compare方法
如给定一个自定义学生类Student
根据年龄倒序排序
student1 student2 student3..............
List students = new ArrayList<Student>;
students.add(student1 student2 student3..............)
Collections.sort(beans, new Comparator<Student>() {
@Override
public int compare(Student s1, Student s2) {
try {
Long a1 = s1.getAge();
Long a2 = s2.getAge();
return a1.compareTo(a2)>0?-1,1;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return 0;
}
}
});