Hive基本操作——Hive表中加载数据

1、hive表中加载数据

直接向分区表中插入数据

create table score3 like score;

insert into table score3 partition(month ='201807') values ('001','002','100');

通过查询插入数据

通过load方式加载数据
load data local inpath '/export/servers/hivedatas/score.csv' overwrite into table score partition(month='201806');
通过查询方式加载数据
create table score4 like score;
insert overwrite table score4 partition(month = '201806') select s_id,c_id,s_score from score;

多插入模式

常用于实际生产环境当中,将一张表拆开成两部分或者多部分

给score表加载数据

load data local inpath '/export/servers/hivedatas/score.csv' overwrite into table score partition(month='201806');

创建第一部分表:

create table score_first( s_id string,c_id  string) partitioned by (month string) row format delimited fields terminated by '\t' ;

创建第二部分表:

create table score_second(c_id string,s_score int) partitioned by (month string) row format delimited fields terminated by '\t';

分别给第一部分与第二部分表加载数据

from score insert overwrite table score_first partition(month='201806') select s_id,c_id insert overwrite table score_second partition(month = '201806')  select c_id,s_score;	

查询语句中创建表并加载数据(as select)

将查询的结果保存到一张表当中去

create table score5 as select * from score;

创建表时通过location指定加载数据路径

1) 创建表,并指定在hdfs上的位置

create external table score6 (s_id string,c_id string,s_score int) row format delimited fields terminated by '\t' location '/myscore6';

2)上传数据到hdfs上

hdfs dfs -mkdir -p /myscore6
hdfs dfs -put score.csv /myscore6;

3)查询数据

select * from score6;

外部分区表和外部分桶表需要修复

export导出与import 导入 hive表数据(内部表操作)

create table techer2 like techer;
export table techer to  '/export/techer';
import table techer2 from '/export/techer';

2、hive表中的数据导出

将hive表中的数据导出到其他任意目录,例如linux本地磁盘,例如hdfs,例如mysql等等

insert导出

1) 将查询的结果导出到本地

insert overwrite local directory '/export/servers/exporthive' select * from score;

2) 将查询的结果格式化导出到本地

insert overwrite local directory '/export/servers/exporthive' row format delimited fields terminated by '\t' collection items terminated by '#' select * from student;

3) 将查询的结果导出到HDFS上(没有local)

insert overwrite directory '/export/servers/exporthive' row format delimited fields terminated by '\t' collection items terminated by '#' select * from score;

Hadoop命令导出到本地

dfs -get /export/servers/exporthive/000000_0 /export/servers/exporthive/local.txt;

hive shell 命令导出

基本语法:(hive -f/-e 执行语句或者脚本 > file)

bin/hive -e "select * from myhive.score;" > /export/servers/exporthive/score.txt

export导出到HDFS上

export table score to '/export/exporthive/score';

sqoop导出

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