centos7.2下安装mysql5.7，使用rpm包安装
centos7.2下安装mysql5.7，使用rpm包安装
本文操作系统: CentOS 7.2.1511 x86_64
MySQL 版本: 5.7.16
1、卸载系统自带的 mariadb-lib
[root@centos-linux ~]# rpm -qa|grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64
[root@centos-linux ~]# rpm -e mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64 –nodeps
2、下载mysql5.7.16 rpm安装包，官网最新的mysql安装包是mysql-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar下载地址
[root@centos-linux ~]# wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
然后解压
[root@linux_node_1 src]# tar -xvf mysql-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-devel-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-minimal-debuginfo-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-compat-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-test-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-minimal-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-client-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
3、安装
依次执行（几个包有依赖关系，所以执行有先后）下面命令安装
[root@centos-linux ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@centos-linux ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@centos-linux ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@centos-linux ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
在安装rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm的时候报错如下：
[root@linux_node_1 src]# rpm -ivhmysql-community-server-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-server-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
libaio.so.1()(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64
libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.1)(64bit) is needed bymysql-community-server-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64
libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.4)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64
net-tools is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64
这个报错的意思是需要安装libaio包和net-tools包：
yum install libaio
yum install net-tools
完成之后就可以顺利安装
4、数据库初始化
为了保证数据库目录与文件的所有者为 mysql 登陆用户，如果你是以 root 身份运行 mysql 服务，需要执行下面的命令初始化
mysqld –initialize –user=mysql
如果是以 mysql 身份运行，则可以去掉 –user 选项
mysqld -initialize
另外 –initialize 选项默认以“安全”模式来初始化，则会为 root 用户生成一个密码并将该密码标记为过期，登陆后你需要设置一个新的密码
这里演示使用的 –initialize 初始化的，会生成一个 root 账户密码，密码在log文件里，红色区域的就是自动生成的密码
对于MySQL5.7.6和更高的版本来说，初始的随机root密码是被写入错误日志的，我们使用命令 cat /var/log/mysqld.log。对于MySQL5.7.4和5.7.5版本来说，密码是被写入以HOME环境变量命名的目录中的.mysql_secret文件中的，我们使用命令cat /root/.mysql_secret。
[root@linux_node_1 src]# cat /var/log/mysqld.log
2016-12-07T04:41:58.028558Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT valueis deprecated. Please use –explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (seedocumentation for more details).
2016-12-07T04:41:58.315188Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created,LSN=45790
2016-12-07T04:41:58.355114Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraintsystem tables.
2016-12-07T04:41:58.418448Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so weassume that this is the first time that this server has been started.Generating a new UUID: 7cc98831-bc37-11e6-a263-000c29f902dc.
2016-12-07T04:41:58.419935Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used.Table ‘mysql.gtid_executed’ cannot be opened.
2016-12-07T04:41:58.420558Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated forroot@localhost: )1r3gi,hjgQa
如果随机密码不能登录，则按一下方式修改root用户密码
Linux下修改MySQL用户（root）密码
1、编辑MySQL配置文件my.cnf
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1
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vi
/etc/my
.cnf
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#编辑文件，找到[mysqld]，在下面添加一行skip-grant-tables
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1
2
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[mysqld]
skip-grant-tables
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:wq! #保存退出
service mysqld restart #重启MySQL服务
2、进入MySQL控制台
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mysql -uroot -p
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#直接按回车，这时不需要输入root密码。
3、修改root密码
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3
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update mysql.user
set
authentication_string flush privileges;
grant all on *.* to
'root'
@
'localhost'
identified by
'123456'
with grant option;
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4、取消/etc/my.cnf中的skip-grant-tables
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1
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vi
/etc/my
.cnf
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编辑文件，找到[mysqld]，删除skip-grant-tables这一行
:wq! #保存退出
5、重启mysql
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service mysqld restart
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#重启mysql，这个时候mysql的root密码已经修改为123456
6、进入mysql控制台
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mysql -uroot -p123456
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大功告成！
现在启动mysql数据库systemctl start mysqld.service 或service mysqld.service start
[root@linux_node_1 src]# systemctl start mysqld.service
[root@linux_node_1 src]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.16
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rightsreserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type ‘help;’ or ‘\h’ for help. Type ‘\c’ to clear the current inputstatement.
mysql>
5、修改密码
该密码被标记为过期了，如果想正常使用还需要修改密码
mysql> show databases;
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statementbefore executing this statement.
以前的 password()函数将会被抛弃，官方建议使用下面的命令来修改密码
mysql> ALTER USER ‘root’@’localhost’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘new_password’;
同时，如果你设置的密码过于简单也会报错。
mysql> ALTER USER ‘root’@’localhost’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘123’;
ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policyrequirements
设置用户 root 可以在任意 IP 下被访问：
grant all privileges on . to root@”%” identified by “新密码”;
设置用户 root 可以在本地被访问：
grant all privileges on . to root@”localhost” identified by “新密码”;
刷新权限使之生效：
flush privileges;
开启3306端口
1、检测并打开firewall
systemctl status firewalld.service #检测是否开启了firewall
systemctl stop firewalld.service #关闭firewall
systemctl startfirewalld.service #开启firewall
sytsemctl disable firewalld.service #禁止firewall开机自启
2.CentOS 7 采用了 firewalld防火墙
如要查询是否开启3306
firewall-cmd --query-port=3306/tcp
如果打印no,显示3306端口未开启
下面我们开启3306端口：
firewall-cmd--add-port=3306/tcp --permanent(永久开启端口)
3.修改字符集
修改/etc/my.cnf配置文件，在[mysqld]下添加编码配置，如下所示：
[mysqld]
character_set_server=utf8
设置MySQL服务开机自启动。
# chkconfig mysql on