使用zxing生成彩色或带图片的二维码

一、zxing api的pom依赖

    
      com.google.zxing
      core
      3.3.0
    

    
    
      com.google.zxing
      javase
      3.3.0
    

二、生成普通的二维码

package com.mengfei.util;

import com.google.zxing.BarcodeFormat;
import com.google.zxing.EncodeHintType;
import com.google.zxing.MultiFormatWriter;
import com.google.zxing.client.j2se.MatrixToImageWriter;
import com.google.zxing.common.BitMatrix;
import com.google.zxing.qrcode.decoder.ErrorCorrectionLevel;

import java.io.File;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * @author Alex
 * @date 2018/3/18
 * @description 使用zxing生成普通的二维码
 */
public class CreateQRCode {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //二维码图片的宽度
        int width = 300;
        //二维码图片的高度
        int height = 300;
        //二维码图片的格式
        String format = "jpg";
        //二维码内容（支持中文），使用微信扫描后可直接跳转到百度
        String content = "https://www.baidu.com/";

        //定义二维码内容参数
        Map hints = new HashMap();
        //设置字符集编码格式
        hints.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, "UTF-8");
        //设置容错等级，在这里我们使用M级别
        hints.put(EncodeHintType.ERROR_CORRECTION, ErrorCorrectionLevel.M);
        //设置边框距
        hints.put(EncodeHintType.MARGIN, 2);

        //生成二维码
        try {
            //生成二维码的内容
            BitMatrix bitMatrix = new MultiFormatWriter().encode(content, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, width, height, hints);
            //指定生成图片的保存路径
            Path file = new File("C:\\Users\\Alexs\\Desktop\\blogimages\\qrcode.jpg").toPath();
            //生成二维码
            MatrixToImageWriter.writeToPath(bitMatrix, format, file);
            System.out.println("二维码生成成功！");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

}

三、解析二维码

package com.mengfei.util;

import com.google.zxing.BinaryBitmap;
import com.google.zxing.EncodeHintType;
import com.google.zxing.MultiFormatReader;
import com.google.zxing.Result;
import com.google.zxing.client.j2se.BufferedImageLuminanceSource;
import com.google.zxing.common.HybridBinarizer;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * @author Alex
 * @date 2018/3/18
 * @description 使用zxing解析二维码
 */
public class ParseQRCode {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            MultiFormatReader formatReader = new MultiFormatReader();
            File file = new File("C:\\Users\\Alexs\\Desktop\\blogimages\\qrcode.jpg");
            BufferedImage image = ImageIO.read(file);
            BinaryBitmap binaryBitmap = new BinaryBitmap(new HybridBinarizer(new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(image)));

            //定义二维码的参数
            Map hints = new HashMap();
            hints.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, "UTF-8");
            Result result = formatReader.decode(binaryBitmap, hints);

            System.out.println("二维码格式类型：" + result.getBarcodeFormat());
            System.out.println("二维码文本内容：" + result.getText());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }
}

四、生成彩色的二维码

package com.mengfei.util;

import com.google.zxing.BarcodeFormat;
import com.google.zxing.EncodeHintType;
import com.google.zxing.MultiFormatWriter;
import com.google.zxing.WriterException;
import com.google.zxing.common.BitMatrix;
import com.google.zxing.qrcode.decoder.ErrorCorrectionLevel;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * @author Alex
 * @date 2018/3/18
 * @description 生成彩色的二维码
 */
public class CreateColourORCode {
    // 二维码写码器
    private static MultiFormatWriter mutiWriter = new MultiFormatWriter();

    public static void encode(String content, int width, int height, String destImagePath) {
        try {
            //生成图片文件
            ImageIO.write(genBarcode(content, width, height), "jpg", new File(destImagePath));
            System.out.println("二维码生成成功！");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (WriterException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 得到BufferedImage
     *
     * @param content 二维码显示的文本
     * @param width   二维码的宽度
     * @param height  二维码的高度
     * @return
     * @throws WriterException
     * @throws IOException
     */
    private static BufferedImage genBarcode(String content, int width, int height) throws WriterException, IOException {
        //定义二维码内容参数
        Map hints = new HashMap<>();
        //设置字符集编码格式
        hints.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, "utf-8");
        //设置容错等级，在这里我们使用M级别
        hints.put(EncodeHintType.ERROR_CORRECTION, ErrorCorrectionLevel.M);
        // 生成二维码，参数顺序分别为：编码内容，编码类型，生成图片宽度，生成图片高度，设置参数
        BitMatrix matrix = mutiWriter.encode(content, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, width, height, hints);

        // 二维矩阵转为一维像素数组
        int halfW = matrix.getWidth() / 2;
        int halfH = matrix.getHeight() / 2;
        int[] pixels = new int[width * height];

        for (int y = 0; y < matrix.getHeight(); y++) {
            for (int x = 0; x < matrix.getWidth(); x++) {
                // 二维码颜色（RGB）
                int num1 = (int) (50 - (50.0 - 13.0) / matrix.getHeight()
                        * (y + 1));
                int num2 = (int) (165 - (165.0 - 72.0) / matrix.getHeight()
                        * (y + 1));
                int num3 = (int) (162 - (162.0 - 107.0)
                        / matrix.getHeight() * (y + 1));
                Color color = new Color(num1, num2, num3);
                int colorInt = color.getRGB();
                // 此处可以修改二维码的颜色，可以分别制定二维码和背景的颜色；
                pixels[y * width + x] = matrix.get(x, y) ? colorInt : 16777215;// 0x000000:0xffffff
            }
        }

        BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
        image.getRaster().setDataElements(0, 0, width, height, pixels);

        return image;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
        // 依次为内容(不支持中文),宽,长,logo图标路径,储存路径
        CreateColourORCode.encode("https://www.baidu.com/", 300, 300, "C:\\Users\\Alexs\\Desktop\\blogimages\\qrcode.jpg");
    }
}

五、生成彩色带图片的二维码

package com.mengfei.util;

import com.google.zxing.BarcodeFormat;
import com.google.zxing.EncodeHintType;
import com.google.zxing.MultiFormatWriter;
import com.google.zxing.WriterException;
import com.google.zxing.common.BitMatrix;
import com.google.zxing.qrcode.decoder.ErrorCorrectionLevel;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.geom.AffineTransform;
import java.awt.image.AffineTransformOp;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.Hashtable;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * @author Alex
 * @date 2018/3/18
 * @description 使用zxing生成彩色带图片的二维码
 */
public class CreateColourImageORCode {
    // 图片宽度的一半
    private static final int IMAGE_WIDTH = 100;
    private static final int IMAGE_HEIGHT = 100;
    private static final int IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH = IMAGE_WIDTH / 2;
    private static final int FRAME_WIDTH = 2;
    // 二维码写码器
    private static MultiFormatWriter mutiWriter = new MultiFormatWriter();

    public static void encode(String content, int width, int height, String srcImagePath, String destImagePath) {
        try {
            //生成图片文件
            ImageIO.write(genBarcode(content, width, height, srcImagePath), "jpg", new File(destImagePath));
            System.out.println("二维码生成成功！");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (WriterException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    /**
     * 得到BufferedImage
     *
     * @param content 二维码显示的文本
     * @param width   二维码的宽度
     * @param height  二维码的高度
     * @return
     * @throws WriterException
     * @throws IOException
     */
    private static BufferedImage genBarcode(String content, int width,
                                            int height, String srcImagePath) throws WriterException,
            IOException {
        // 读取源图像
        BufferedImage scaleImage = scale(srcImagePath, IMAGE_WIDTH,
                IMAGE_HEIGHT, true);
        int[][] srcPixels = new int[IMAGE_WIDTH][IMAGE_HEIGHT];
        for (int i = 0; i < scaleImage.getWidth(); i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < scaleImage.getHeight(); j++) {
                srcPixels[i][j] = scaleImage.getRGB(i, j);//图片的像素点
            }
        }
        //编码
        Map hints = new Hashtable();
        hints.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, "utf-8");
        //设置容错等级，在这里我们使用M级别
        hints.put(EncodeHintType.ERROR_CORRECTION, ErrorCorrectionLevel.M);
        // 生成二维码
        BitMatrix matrix = mutiWriter.encode(content, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, width, height, hints);

        // 二维矩阵转为一维像素数组
        int halfW = matrix.getWidth() / 2;
        int halfH = matrix.getHeight() / 2;
        int[] pixels = new int[width * height];

        for (int y = 0; y < matrix.getHeight(); y++) {
            for (int x = 0; x < matrix.getWidth(); x++) {
                // 左上角颜色,根据自己需要调整颜色范围和颜色
                /*if (x > 0 && x < 170 && y > 0 && y < 170) {
                    Color color = new Color(231, 144, 56);
                    int colorInt = color.getRGB();
                    pixels[y * width + x] = matrix.get(x, y) ? colorInt
                            : 16777215;
                } else*/
                // 读取图片
                if (x > halfW - IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH
                        && x < halfW + IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH
                        && y > halfH - IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH
                        && y < halfH + IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH) {
                    pixels[y * width + x] = srcPixels[x - halfW
                            + IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH][y - halfH + IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH];
                }
                // 在图片四周形成边框
                else if ((x > halfW - IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH - FRAME_WIDTH
                        && x < halfW - IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH + FRAME_WIDTH
                        && y > halfH - IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH - FRAME_WIDTH && y < halfH
                        + IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH + FRAME_WIDTH)
                        || (x > halfW + IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH - FRAME_WIDTH
                        && x < halfW + IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH + FRAME_WIDTH
                        && y > halfH - IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH - FRAME_WIDTH && y < halfH
                        + IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH + FRAME_WIDTH)
                        || (x > halfW - IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH - FRAME_WIDTH
                        && x < halfW + IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH + FRAME_WIDTH
                        && y > halfH - IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH - FRAME_WIDTH && y < halfH
                        - IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH + FRAME_WIDTH)
                        || (x > halfW - IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH - FRAME_WIDTH
                        && x < halfW + IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH + FRAME_WIDTH
                        && y > halfH + IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH - FRAME_WIDTH && y < halfH
                        + IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH + FRAME_WIDTH)) {
                    pixels[y * width + x] = 0xfffffff;
                } else {
                    // 二维码颜色（RGB）
                    int num1 = (int) (50 - (50.0 - 13.0) / matrix.getHeight()
                            * (y + 1));
                    int num2 = (int) (165 - (165.0 - 72.0) / matrix.getHeight()
                            * (y + 1));
                    int num3 = (int) (162 - (162.0 - 107.0)
                            / matrix.getHeight() * (y + 1));
                    Color color = new Color(num1, num2, num3);
                    int colorInt = color.getRGB();
                    // 此处可以修改二维码的颜色，可以分别制定二维码和背景的颜色；
                    pixels[y * width + x] = matrix.get(x, y) ? colorInt : 16777215;// 0x000000:0xffffff
                }
            }
        }

        BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height,
                BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
        image.getRaster().setDataElements(0, 0, width, height, pixels);

        return image;
    }

    /**
     * 把传入的原始图像按高度和宽度进行缩放，生成符合要求的图标
     *
     * @param srcImageFile 源文件地址
     * @param height       目标高度
     * @param width        目标宽度
     * @param hasFiller    比例不对时是否需要补白：true为补白; false为不补白;
     * @throws IOException
     */
    private static BufferedImage scale(String srcImageFile, int height, int width, boolean hasFiller) throws IOException {
        double ratio = 0.0; // 缩放比例
        File file = new File(srcImageFile);
        BufferedImage srcImage = ImageIO.read(file);
        Image destImage = srcImage.getScaledInstance(width, height,
                BufferedImage.SCALE_SMOOTH);
        // 计算比例
        if ((srcImage.getHeight() > height) || (srcImage.getWidth() > width)) {
            if (srcImage.getHeight() > srcImage.getWidth()) {
                ratio = (new Integer(height)).doubleValue()
                        / srcImage.getHeight();
            } else {
                ratio = (new Integer(width)).doubleValue()
                        / srcImage.getWidth();
            }
            AffineTransformOp op = new AffineTransformOp(
                    AffineTransform.getScaleInstance(ratio, ratio), null);
            destImage = op.filter(srcImage, null);
        }
        if (hasFiller) {// 补白
            BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height,
                    BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
            Graphics2D graphic = image.createGraphics();
            graphic.setColor(Color.white);
            graphic.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
            if (width == destImage.getWidth(null))
                graphic.drawImage(destImage, 0,
                        (height - destImage.getHeight(null)) / 2,
                        destImage.getWidth(null), destImage.getHeight(null),
                        Color.white, null);//画图片
            else
                graphic.drawImage(destImage,
                        (width - destImage.getWidth(null)) / 2, 0,
                        destImage.getWidth(null), destImage.getHeight(null),
                        Color.white, null);
            graphic.dispose();
            destImage = image;
        }
        return (BufferedImage) destImage;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
        // 依次为内容,宽,长,logo图标路径,储存路径
        CreateColourImageORCode.encode("https://www.baidu.com/", 500, 500, "C:\\Users\\Alexs\\Desktop\\blogimages\\huge.jpg",
                "C:\\Users\\Alexs\\Desktop\\blogimages\\qrcode.jpg");
    }
}