浮动静态路由

 

作者：   stanley.wy & allens

 

R1 fa0/0 192.168.1.1/24   s1/1 192.168.2.1/24 R2 fa0/0 192.168.1.2/24   s1/0 192.168.2.2/24   lo 0 192.168.3.1/24

 

步骤一：配置各路由器的 IP 地址，并使用 ping 命令确认直连接口相互可以 ping 通。

 

步骤二：在 R1 上配置到 R2 的回环接口的静态路由．

 

R1(config)#ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.2 R1(config)#ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.2 [s1]

 

步骤三：分析：查看 R1 的路由表

R1#show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP        D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area        N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2        E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP        i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2        ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route        o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route   Gateway of last resort is not set   C    192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 C    192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/1 S    192.168.3.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.1.2                     [1/0] via 192.168.2.2 [s2]  R1#

 

步骤三：先删除原先路由，调整静态路由

R1(config)#no ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.2 [s3]  R1(config)#ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.2 100 [s4]

 

步骤四：再次检查路由表 , 发现路由器没有做均分负载

R1#show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP        D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area        N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2        E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP        i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2        ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route        o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route   Gateway of last resort is not set   C    192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 C    192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/1 S    192.168.3.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.1.2 [s5]

 

步骤五：将 R1 的 fa0/0 的接口 shutdown 掉．再观察路由表

R1#show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP        D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area        N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2        E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP         i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2        ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route        o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route   Gateway of last resort is not set   C    192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/1 S    192.168.3.0/24 [100/0] via 192.168.2.2 [s6]

 

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 [s1] 因为Ｒ１有两条路径到达Ｒ２的192.168.3.0/24的网络

 [s2] 在此发现R1在做均分负载．但是注意：R1与R2的广域网连接的速度与以太网连接网速度并不匹配．在此做法是不智的．

 [s3] 删除目的，是避免做均分负载

 [s4] 指出此条路由管理距离为100．需要注意的是默认的管理离是1.而且路由器永远会选择管理距离小的路由．

 [s5] 到达192.168.3.0/24目前下一跳为192.168.1.2/24

 [s6] 到达192.168.3.0/24现在使用192.168.2.2/24作为下一跳．