[转]Tengine + uwsgi + django平台搭建

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环境介绍：

[root@localhost opsdev]# nginx -v
Tengine version: Tengine/2.0.3 (nginx/1.4.7)
[root@localhost opsdev]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS release 6.4 (Final)
[root@localhost opsdev]# uwsgi -v
uwsgi: option requires an argument -- 'v'
getopt_long() error
[root@localhost opsdev]# uwsgi --version
2.0.9
[root@localhost opsdev]# django -v
-bash: django: command not found
[root@localhost opsdev]# python -c "import django;print (django.get_version())"
1.7.2
[root@localhost opsdev]#
[root@localhost opsdev]# python -V
Python 2.7.6

 

Come on~

1、安装nginx

 

[root@localhost tmp]# yum install pcre pcre-devel -y
[root@localhost tmp]# tar xf tengine-2.0.3.tar.gz
[root@localhost tmp]# cd tengine-2.0.3
[root@localhost tmp]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --with-http_stub_status_module --with-pcre --with-file-aio --with-http_flv_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client/ --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy/ --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/ --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/uwsgi --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/scgi
[root@localhost tmp]# make && make install

• 相关选项

   

• --prefix=/usr/local/nginx
  安装目录
  --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
  配置文件存放位置
  --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log
  错误日志存放位置
  --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log
  访问日志存放的位置
  --with-http_ssl_module
  启用SSL认证模块
  --with-http_flv_module
  启用流媒体模块
  --with-http_gzip_static_module
  启用静态页面压缩
  --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client/
  HTTP包体存放的临时目录
  --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy/
  定义从后端服务器接收的临时文件的存放路径，可以为临时文件路径定义至多三层子目录的目录树
  --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/
  接收到FastCGI服务器数据，临时存放于本地某目录
  --with-pcre
  启动正则表达式rewrite模块

• 添加nginx二进制路径到PATH

[root@localhost tengine-2.0.3]# vim /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh
[root@localhost tengine-2.0.3]# cat /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/nginx/sbin/
[root@localhost tengine-2.0.3]# source /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh
[root@localhost tengine-2.0.3]# nginx -v
Tengine version: Tengine/2.0.3 (nginx/1.4.7)

• 导出头文件

[root@localhost tengine-2.0.3]# ln -sv /usr/local/nginx/include/ /usr/include/nginx
`/usr/include/nginx' -> `/usr/local/nginx/include/'

• 为tengine提供Sysv服务脚本

#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemin
#
# chkconfig:   - 85 15
# description:  Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
#               proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config:      /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
# pidfile:     /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network
# Check that networking is up.
[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0
nginx="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
prog=$(basename $nginx)
NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"
lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx
start() {
    [ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
    [ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
    echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
    daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
    retval=$?
    echo
    [ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
    return $retval
}
stop() {
    echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
    killproc $prog -QUIT
    retval=$?
    echo
    [ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
    return $retval
}
restart() {
    configtest || return $?
    stop
    start
}
reload() {
    configtest || return $?
    echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
    killproc $nginx -HUP
    RETVAL=$?
    echo
}
force_reload() {
    restart
}
configtest() {
  $nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}
rh_status() {
    status $prog
}
rh_status_q() {
    rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}
case "$1" in
    start)
        rh_status_q && exit 0
        $1
        ;;
    stop)
        rh_status_q || exit 0
        $1
        ;;
    restart|configtest)
        $1
        ;;
    reload)
        rh_status_q || exit 7
        $1
        ;;
    force-reload)
        force_reload
        ;;
    status)
        rh_status
        ;;
    condrestart|try-restart)
        rh_status_q || exit 0
            ;;
    *)
        echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
        exit 2
esac

• 把该脚本放到/etc/init.d目录下并赋予该脚本权限

[root@localhost tmp]# mv nginx /etc/init.d/nginx
[root@localhost tmp]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx

• 添加到开机启动项并启动服务

[root@localhost tmp]# chkconfig --add nginx
[root@localhost tmp]# chkconfig --level 35 nginx on
[root@localhost tmp]# chkconfig --list | grep nginx
nginx             0:off   1:off   2:off   3:on    4:off   5:on    6:off
[root@localhost tmp]#

• 启动服务

[root@localhost init.d]# service nginx restart
the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful
Stopping nginx:                                            [  OK  ]
Starting nginx:                                            [  OK  ]
[root@localhost init.d]# ss -tunlp | grep 80
tcp    LISTEN     0      128                    *:80                    *:*      users:(("nginx",7602,6),("nginx",7604,6))
[root@localhost init.d]#

 

2、升级Python

为毛要升级Python呢，因为django1.5之后的版本导入django core是使用推导式的，而推导式list是python2.7之后才支持的，so~

 

如果你建立django项目的时候出现如下报错，请升级你的Python或降级django版本

  commands = {name: 'django.core' for name in find_commands(__path__[0])}
                                      ^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax

• 我们这里安装python 2.7.5

[root@localhost tmp]# wget --no-check-certificate
[root@localhost tmp]# tar -xzvf Python-2.7.5.tgz

[root@localhost tmp]# cd Python-2.7.5

[root@localhost Python-2.7.5]# ./configure

[root@localhost Python-2.7.5]# make && make install

[root@localhost Python-2.7.5]# mv /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python.bak

[root@localhost Python-2.7.5]# ln -s /usr/local/bin/python2.7 /usr/bin/python

• 修复yum,修改后/usr/bin/yum第一行如下所示

[root@localhost tmp]# vim /usr/bin/yum

#!/usr/bin/python2.6

• 安装pip(如果你更新python之前安装过pip,这个时候多半是不能用的，建议从官网从新下载安装)

    常见报错如下：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/bin/pelican-quickstart", line 5, in < module >
    from pkg_resources import load_entry_pointImportError:
    No module named pkg_resources

    解决办法：

重新安装setuptools和pip即可解决

3、安装django并创建项目

• 安装django

[root@localhost ~]# pip install django

• 创建项目（在nginx定义的目录下面）

[root@localhost www]# django-admin startproject opsdev

4、安装uwsgi

• 安装uwsgi

[root@localhost opsdev]# pip install uwsgi

• 测试

#test.py
def application(env,start_response):
    start_response('200 OK',[('Content-Type','text/html')])
    return ["hello world"]

• 运行并查看结果

uwsgi:uwsgi --http :9090 --wsgi-file test.py

 

5、uwsgi配置django

• 创建django_wsgi.py文件(和mange.py同级目录)

[root@localhost opsdev]# ls
db.sqlite3         django_wsgi.py   manage.py  opsdev
django_wsgi.pyc  media      static
[root@localhost opsdev]# cat django_wsgi.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
# coding: utf-8

import os
import sys

# 将系统的编码设置为UTF8
#reload(sys)
#sys.setdefaultencoding('utf8')

#注意："mysite.settings" 和项目文件夹对应。
os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "opsdev.settings")

#from django.core.handlers.wsgi import WSGIHandler
#application = WSGIHandler()

# 上面两行测试不对，然后从stackflow上面看到了下面两行，测试ok
from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application
application = get_wsgi_application()
[root@localhost opsdev]#

• 创建django_socket.xml文件(和mange.py同级目录)

[root@localhost opsdev]# cat django_socket.xml
< uwsgi >
    < socket >127.0.0.1:8077 socket >
    < chdir >/www/opsdev chdir >
    < module >django_wsgi module >
    < processes >4 processes >
    < daemonize >/var/log/uwsgi.log daemonize >
uwsgi >
[root@localhost opsdev]# ls
db.sqlite3         django_wsgi.py   manage.py  opsdev
django_socket.xml  django_wsgi.pyc  media      static
[root@localhost opsdev]#

• 验证是否能够正常访问

[root@localhost opsdev]# uwsgi --http :8000 --chdir /www/opsdev/ --wsgi-file django_wsgi.py
*** Starting uWSGI 2.0.9 (64bit) on [Thu Jan  8 12:21:15 2015] ***
compiled with version: 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-11) on 07 January 2015 23:29:52
os: Linux-2.6.32-358.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Fri Feb 22 00:31:26 UTC 2013
nodename: localhost.localdomain

• 如果上面没有出错，就说明uwsgi和django结合完毕

 

6、配置nginx配置文件（其他未做更改）

       location / {
        include uwsgi_params;
        uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:8077;
        }

    location /static/ {
        alias /www/opsdev/static/;
        index index.html index.htm;
    }
    location /media/ {
        alias /www/opsdev/media/;
    }

7、启动测试

• 启动uwsgi

[root@localhost opsdev]# uwsgi -x django_socket.xml
[uWSGI] parsing config file django_socket.xml
[root@localhost opsdev]#

• 启动nginx

[root@localhost opsdev]# service nginx start
Starting nginx:                                            [  OK  ]
[root@localhost opsdev]#

• 查看进程

[root@localhost opsdev]# ss -tunlp
Netid  State      Recv-Q Send-Q                                Local Address:Port                                  Peer Address:Port
tcp    LISTEN     0      100                                       127.0.0.1:8077                                             *:*      users:(("uwsgi",25703,3),("uwsgi",25704,3),("uwsgi",25705,3),("uwsgi",25706,3))
tcp    LISTEN     0      128                                               *:80                                               *:*      users:(("nginx",26427,6),("nginx",26429,6))

• 查看结果

常见FAQ:

1.  

2. uwsgi: invalid option -- 'x' getopt_long() error

解决办法：用“ yum install libxml*”即可解决。安装uwsgi时看到 “xml = libxml2”就表示成功了

1. “The translation infrastructure cannot be initialized before the ”
   django.core.exceptions.AppRegistryNotReady: The translation infrastructure cannot be initialized before the apps registry is ready. Check that you don’t make non-lazy gettext calls at import time.

解决办法（修改django_wsgi.py）：

原来：
import django.core.handlers.wsgi
application = django.core.handlers.wsgi.WSGIHandler()
改成：
from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application
application = get_wsgi_application()
重启一下uwsgi。

 

1. no python application found, check your startup logs for errors

   GET / => generated 21 bytes in 0 msecs (HTTP/1.1 500) 2 headers in 83 bytes (0switches on core 0)

解决办法：检查django_wsgi.py配置文件，然后uwsgi单独访问下是否正常

 

还有很多东东要做，卧槽类。。。。

参考文档：在此表示谢谢！

http://stackoverflow.com/questions/22148144/python-importerror-no-module-named-pkg-resources

https://github.com/imelucifer/MyNote/blob/master/django/django%2Buwsgi%2Bnginx%2Bcentos%E9%83%A8%E7%BD%B2.md

http://www.aaini.com/

 

 

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转自：http://lovelace.blog.51cto.com/1028430/1600594