验证码大家都知道,它的作用也不用我多说了吧。如果不太清楚请参见百度百科中的解释,一般验证码的生成就是随机产生字符(数字、字母或者汉字等),然后将这些生成的字符绘制成一张图片,再在图片上加上一些干扰元素,如各种线条之类的。好了废话不多说一起往下看:
简单的登录页面(代码并不完整,只有验证码部分)
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>验证码
通过session.getAttribute("rand"),获得生成的验证码,然后跟用户输入的进行比较,再根据比较结果做相应的处理。
通过servlet生成验证码:
package com.util.servlet; import java.awt.Color; import java.awt.Font; import java.awt.Graphics; import java.awt.image.BufferedImage; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.Random; import javax.imageio.ImageIO; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession; public class AuthImageServlet extends HttpServlet { private static final String CONTENT_TYPE = "text/html; charset=gb2312"; //设置字母的大小,大小 private Font mFont = new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 17); public void init() throws ServletException { super.init(); } Color getRandColor(int fc,int bc) { Random random = new Random(); if(fc>255) fc=255; if(bc>255) bc=255; int r=fc+random.nextInt(bc-fc); int g=fc+random.nextInt(bc-fc); int b=fc+random.nextInt(bc-fc); return new Color(r,g,b); } public void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { response.setHeader("Pragma","No-cache"); response.setHeader("Cache-Control","no-cache"); response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0); //表明生成的响应是图片 response.setContentType("image/jpeg"); int width=100, height=18; BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB); Graphics g = image.getGraphics(); Random random = new Random(); g.setColor(getRandColor(200,250)); g.fillRect(1, 1, width-1, height-1); g.setColor(new Color(102,102,102)); g.drawRect(0, 0, width-1, height-1); g.setFont(mFont); g.setColor(getRandColor(160,200)); //画随机线 for (int i=0;i<155;i++) { int x = random.nextInt(width - 1); int y = random.nextInt(height - 1); int xl = random.nextInt(6) + 1; int yl = random.nextInt(12) + 1; g.drawLine(x,y,x + xl,y + yl); } //从另一方向画随机线 for (int i = 0;i < 70;i++) { int x = random.nextInt(width - 1); int y = random.nextInt(height - 1); int xl = random.nextInt(12) + 1; int yl = random.nextInt(6) + 1; g.drawLine(x,y,x - xl,y - yl); } //生成随机数,并将随机数字转换为字母 String sRand=""; for (int i=0;i<6;i++) { int itmp = random.nextInt(26) + 65; char ctmp = (char)itmp; sRand += String.valueOf(ctmp); g.setColor(new Color(20+random.nextInt(110),20+random.nextInt(110),20+random.nextInt(110))); g.drawString(String.valueOf(ctmp),15*i+10,16); } HttpSession session = request.getSession(true); session.setAttribute("rand",sRand); g.dispose(); ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG", response.getOutputStream()); } }
web.xml中的servlet配置信息:
AuthImageServlet com.util.servlet.AuthImageServlet AuthImageServlet /servlet/AuthImageServlet index.jsp
就这样验证码的功能就实现了,很简单、很实用。当然还有更加美观,更加严密的方式,有兴趣的朋友可以深入研究。这里就跟大家分享一个比较简单的方式。欢迎各位批评指正。
以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。