spring boot2.x已经出来好一阵了,而且spring cloud 的最新Release版本Finchley.RELEASE,默认集成的就是spring boot 2.x,这几天将一个旧项目尝试着从低版本升级到 2.x,踩坑无数,记录一下:
显著变化:
- 与 Spring Boot 2.0.x 兼容
- 不支持 Spring Boot 1.5.x
- 最低要求 Java 8
- 新增 Spring Cloud Function 和 Spring Cloud Gateway
一、gradle的问题
spring boot 2.x 要求gradle版本不能太旧,先把gradle升级到4.6版本,然后编译,各种问题,到gradle官网上查了下,build.gradle有几个小地方要调整
1.1 java-libary 的项目
即:纯工具包这种公用jar,plugins{}必须放在第1行(有buildscript的除外),类似:
plugins { id 'java-library' }
然后按官网的教程,compile最好换成implementation
dependencies { implementation( ... ) }
1.2 常规java项目(指带容器能独立运行的项目)
buildscript { ext { springBootVersion = '2.0.1.RELEASE' } repositories { maven { url "http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/" } ... } dependencies { classpath("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-gradle-plugin:${springBootVersion}") } } apply plugin: 'java' apply plugin: 'org.springframework.boot' apply plugin: 'io.spring.dependency-management' dependencyManagement { imports { mavenBom 'org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-dependencies:Finchley.RELEASE' } }
...
另外,gradle 高版本编译时,总会有一行讨厌的提示:
Deprecated Gradle features were used in this build, making it incompatible with Gradle 5.0.
编译时,可以加参数:--warning-mode=none 禁止掉,即类似:
gradle build --warning-mode=none -x test
二、依赖jar包版本的问题
dependencies { ... implementation( ... 'org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-starter-consul-discovery', 'org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-starter-consul-config', 'org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-starter-bus-kafka', 'org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-starter-sleuth', 'org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-sleuth-stream:1.3.4.RELEASE', 'org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-starter-hystrix:1.4.4.RELEASE', 'org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-netflix-hystrix-stream', 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-actuator', 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-undertow', 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-mail', 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-jdbc', 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-security', 'org.slf4j:slf4j-api:1.7.25', 'ch.qos.logback:logback-core:1.2.3', 'org.thymeleaf:thymeleaf-spring5:3.0.9.RELEASE', 'org.mybatis.spring.boot:mybatis-spring-boot-starter:1.3.1', 'tk.mybatis:mapper-spring-boot-starter:1.2.4', 'com.github.pagehelper:pagehelper-spring-boot-starter:1.2.3' ) implementation('com.alibaba:druid:1.1.9') { exclude group: "com.alibaba", module: "jconsole" exclude group: "com.alibaba", module: "tools" } implementation('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web') { exclude module: "spring-boot-starter-tomcat" exclude module: "spring-boot-starter-jetty" } testCompile 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test' }
其中
'org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-sleuth-stream:1.3.4.RELEASE',
'org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-starter-hystrix:1.4.4.RELEASE',
这二项必须指定版本号,否则编译不过。(应该最新的2.x版本的jar包,还没上传到中央仓库,无法自动识别依赖),另外pagehelper这个常用的分页组件,也建议按上面的版本来配置,否则运行时,可能会报错。
三、log4j/log4j2的问题
升级到spring boot 2.x后,不管是配置log4j还是log4j2,运行时总是报堆栈溢出的error,换成logback后,启动正常,建议大家尽量采用默认的logback,依赖项的配置参考上面的。
四、DataSourceBuilder类找不到的问题
spring boot 2.x把这个类换了package,所以找不到了,详情见:
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/50011577/spring-boot-2-0-0-datasourcebuilder-not-found-in-autoconfigure-jar
https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/api/org/springframework/boot/jdbc/DataSourceBuilder.html
解决办法就是引用:org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-jdbc
同时修改代码import新的package: org.springframework.boot.jdbc.DataSourceBuilder
五、安全性的问题
spring boot 2.x加强了安全性,不管访问什么rest url,默认都要求登录,在application.yml里无法通过配置关闭,只能写代码调整:
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity; import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity; import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter; @Configuration @EnableWebSecurity public class SecurityConfiguration extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter { @Override protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception { http.authorizeRequests() .anyRequest() .permitAll() .and() .csrf() .disable(); } }
这样,默认所有url都允许访问(如果是暴露在外网的服务,请慎用)
六、各类actuator监控endpoint的路径变化
spring boot 2.x 里,actuator的endpoint默认路径变成/actuator开头,如果要使用以前的风格,放在/根下,可以在applicatino.yml里参考下面的配置:
management: ... endpoints: web: base-path: / exposure: include: "*"
另外/health节点,默认情况下,只能输出很少的信息,详细信息,需要通过配置打开
management: ... endpoint: health: show-details: always ...
七、${spring.cloud.client.ipAddress} 无法识别
spring cloud 2.x里,${spring.cloud.client.ipAddress} 这个写法不识别,一启动就会报错,尝试了多次,无意发现,把A改成小写,居然可以了:
spring: ... application: name: sr-menu-service:${spring.cloud.client.ipaddress}
感觉这应该是个bug,新版本里估计会修复。
八、MetricWriter、SystemPublicMetrics类找不到的问题
spring boot 2.x里metrics默认换成了micrometer,原来的MetricWriter之类的全干掉了,详情参考官网文档
management: metrics: export: statsd: host: 10.0.*.* port: 8125 flavor: etsy
上面的配置是启用statsd,然后跑起来就能看到效果,见下图
但是与spring boot 1.x相比,并不会直接输出具体值,要看具体值,可以用http://localhost:8001/metrics/jvm.memory.used
这其中的VALUE中是jvm占用的内存(包括heap + noheap),如果只想看heap区(即:堆上的内存),可以用
http://localhost:8001/metrics/jvm.memory.used?tag=area:heap
同时在grafana里也能看到效果:
注:目前statsd里的前缀无法修改,代码写死的statsd
如果一台机器上部署多个spring cloud 微服务,grafana里就分不出来了(个人估计以后会改进)。
另外,如果希望通过代码获取这些metrics里具体指标值,可以参考下面的代码:
import io.micrometer.core.instrument.Meter; import io.micrometer.core.instrument.MeterRegistry; import io.micrometer.core.instrument.Statistic; import org.junit.Test; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import java.util.LinkedHashMap; import java.util.Map; import java.util.function.BiFunction; public class MetricsTest extends BaseTest { private String METRIC_MSG_FORMAT = "Metric >> %s = %d"; @Autowired private MeterRegistry meterRegistry; @Test public void testStatsdConfig() { String metric = "jvm.memory.used"; Meter meter = meterRegistry.find(metric).meter(); Mapstats = getSamples(meter); logger.info(String.format(METRIC_MSG_FORMAT, metric, stats.get(Statistic.VALUE).longValue())); } private Map getSamples(Meter meter) { Map samples = new LinkedHashMap<>(); mergeMeasurements(samples, meter); return samples; } private void mergeMeasurements(Map samples, Meter meter) { meter.measure().forEach((measurement) -> samples.merge(measurement.getStatistic(), measurement.getValue(), mergeFunction(measurement.getStatistic()))); } private BiFunction mergeFunction(Statistic statistic) { return Statistic.MAX.equals(statistic) ? Double::max : Double::sum; } }
九、swagger里WebMvcConfigurerAdapter过时的问题
WebMvcConfigurerAdapter这个类在最新的spring boot里已经被标识为过时,正常用法参考以下:
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.ResourceHandlerRegistry; import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurationSupport; import springfox.documentation.builders.ApiInfoBuilder; import springfox.documentation.builders.PathSelectors; import springfox.documentation.builders.RequestHandlerSelectors; import springfox.documentation.service.ApiInfo; import springfox.documentation.service.Contact; import springfox.documentation.spi.DocumentationType; import springfox.documentation.spring.web.plugins.Docket; import springfox.documentation.swagger2.annotations.EnableSwagger2; /** * @author yangjunming * @date 13/10/2017 */ @Configuration @EnableSwagger2 public class SwaggerConfig extends WebMvcConfigurationSupport { @Override protected void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) { registry.addResourceHandler("swagger-ui.html") .addResourceLocations("classpath:/META-INF/resources/"); registry.addResourceHandler("/webjars/**") .addResourceLocations("classpath:/META-INF/resources/webjars/"); } @Bean public Docket createRestApi() { return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2) .apiInfo(apiInfo()) .select() .apis(RequestHandlerSelectors.basePackage("sr.service.menu.controller")) .paths(PathSelectors.any()) .build(); } private ApiInfo apiInfo() { return new ApiInfoBuilder() .title("menu-service online api document") .description("测试服务") .contact(new Contact("菩提树下的杨过", "http://yjmyzz.cnblogs.com/", "[email protected]")) .version("1.0.0") .build(); } }
附:一些参考文档:
https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/wiki/Spring-Boot-2.0-Migration-Guide
https://spring.io/blog/2017/09/15/security-changes-in-spring-boot-2-0-m4
https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/wiki/Spring-Boot-Security-2.0
https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/2.0.4.RELEASE/reference/htmlsingle/
https://github.com/pagehelper/pagehelper-spring-boot
以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。