hibernate------HQL总结

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以以个普通Users表为例:
建表语句:
CREATE DATABASE `interceptor`
CHARACTER SET 'utf8';

USE `interceptor`;

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `users`;
create table users(
	id int auto_increment primary key,
	name varchar(10) not null,
	passwd varchar(10) not null
)ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;



User.java:
package com.domain;

public class Users implements java.io.Serializable {

	private Integer id;

	private String name;

	private String passwd;

	public Users() {
	}

	public Users(String name, String passwd) {
		this.name = name;
		this.passwd = passwd;
	}

	public Integer getId() {
		return this.id;
	}

	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return this.name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public String getPasswd() {
		return this.passwd;
	}

	public void setPasswd(String passwd) {
		this.passwd = passwd;
	}

}



User.hbm.xml:





    
        
            
            
        
        
            
        
        
            
        
    



1. 查询整个映射对象所有字段
//直接from查询出来的是一个映射对象,即:查询整个映射对象所有字段
		String hql = "from Users";
		Query query = session.createQuery(hql);
		
		List users = query.list();
		for(Users user : users){
			System.out.println(user.getName() + " : " + user.getPasswd() + " : " + user.getId());
		}

 输出结果为:
name1 : password1 : 1
name2 : password2 : 2
name3 : password3 : 3


2.查询单个字段

//查询单个字段
		String hql = " select name from Users";
		Query query = session.createQuery(hql);
		
		List list = query.list();
		for(String str : list){
			System.out.println(str);
		}
输出结果为:
name1
name2
name3


3.查询其中几个字段

//查询其中几个字段
		String hql = " select name,passwd from Users";
		Query query = session.createQuery(hql);
		//默认查询出来的list里存放的是一个Object数组
		List list = query.list();
		for(Object[] object : list){
			String name = (String)object[0];
			String passwd = (String)object[1];
			
			System.out.println(name + " : " + passwd);
		}
输出结果为:
name1 : password1
name2 : password2
name3 : password3


4.修改默认查询结果(query.list())不以Object[]数组形式返回,以List形式返回
//查询其中几个字段,添加new list(),注意list里的l是小写的。也不需要导入包,这样通过query.list()出来的list里存放的不再是默认的Object数组了,而是List集合了
		String hql = " select new list(name,passwd) from Users";
		Query query = session.createQuery(hql);
		//默认查询出来的list里存放的是一个Object数组,但是在这里list里存放的不再是默认的Object数组了,而是List集合了
		List list = query.list();
		for(List user : list){
			String name = (String)user.get(0);
			String passwd = (String)user.get(1);
			
			System.out.println(name + " : " + passwd);
		}
		/**
		输出结果为:
		name1 : password1
		name2 : password2
		name3 : password3
		 */



5.修改默认查询结果(query.list())不以Object[]数组形式返回,以Map形式返回



//查询其中几个字段,添加new map(),注意map里的m是小写的。也不需要导入包,这样通过query.list()出来的list里存放的不再是默认的Object数组了,而是map集合了
		String hql = " select new map(name,passwd) from Users";
		Query query = session.createQuery(hql);
		//默认查询出来的list里存放的是一个Object数组,但是在这里list里存放的不再是默认的Object数组了,而是Map集合了
		List list = query.list();
		for(Map user : list){
			//一条记录里所有的字段值都是map里的一个元素,key是字符串0,1,2,3....,value是字段值
			//如果将hql改为:String hql = " select new map(name as username,passwd as password) from Users";,那么key将不是字符串0,1,2...了,而是"username","password"了
			String name = (String)user.get("0");//get("0");是get(key),注意:0,1,2...是字符串,而不是整形
			String passwd = (String)user.get("1");
			
			System.out.println(name + " : " + passwd);
		}
		/**
		输出结果为:
		name1 : password1
		name2 : password2
		name3 : password3
		 */


6.修改默认查询结果(query.list())不以Object[]数组形式返回,以Set形式返回, 但是因为Set里是不允许有重复的元素,所以:username和password的值不能相同。只需将hql改为:String hql = " select new set(name,passwd) from Users";

7.修改默认查询结果(query.list())不以Object[]数组形式返回,以自定义类型返回

自定义类:

package com.domain;

public class MyUser {

	private String username;
	private String password;
//因为:String hql = " select new  com.domain.MyUser(name,passwd) from Users";所以必须要有接受2个参数的构造函数
	public MyUser(String username,String password){
		this.username = username;
		this.password = password;
	}
	
	public String getUsername() {
		return username;
	}
	public void setUsername(String username) {
		this.username = username;
	}
	public String getPassword() {
		return password;
	}
	public void setPassword(String password) {
		this.password = password;
	}
	
	
}


//通过query.list()出来的list里存放的不再是默认的Object数组了,而是自定义的类MyUser,必须加包名,String hql = "from Users";中的Users类也是必须加包名的,但是因为再Users.hbm.xml里 auto-import默认值为true(所以auto-import属性也可以不写),自动导入了
		String hql = " select new  com.domain.MyUser(name,passwd) from Users";
		Query query = session.createQuery(hql);
		//默认查询出来的list里存放的是一个Object数组,但是在这里list里存放的不再是默认的Object数组了,而是MyUser对象了
		List myUsers = query.list();
		for(MyUser myUser : myUsers){
			String name = myUser.getUsername();
			String passwd = myUser.getPassword();
			System.out.println(name + " : " + passwd);
		}
		/**
		输出结果为:
		name1 : password1
		name2 : password2
		name3 : password3
		 */


8:条件查询

//条件查询,参数索引值从0开始,索引位置。通过setString,setParameter设置参数
		String hql = "from Users where name=? and passwd=?";
		Query query = session.createQuery(hql);
		//第1种方式
//		query.setString(0, "name1");
//		query.setString(1, "password1");
		//第2种方式
		query.setParameter(0, "name1",Hibernate.STRING);
		query.setParameter(1, "password1",Hibernate.STRING);
		List list = query.list();
		for(Users users : list){
			System.out.println(users.getId());
		}
		

//条件查询,自定义索引名(参数名):username,:password.通过setString,setParameter设置参数
		String hql = "from Users where name=:username and passwd=:password";
		Query query = session.createQuery(hql);
		//第1种方式
//		query.setString("username", "name1");
//		query.setString("password", "password1");
		//第2种方式,第3个参数确定类型
		query.setParameter("username", "name1",Hibernate.STRING);
		query.setParameter("password", "password1",Hibernate.STRING);
		List list = query.list();
		for(Users users : list){
			System.out.println(users.getId());
		}

//条件查询,通过setProperties设置参数
		String hql = "from Users where name=:username and passwd=:password";
		Query query = session.createQuery(hql);
		//MyUser类的2个属性必须和:username和:password对应
		MyUser myUser = new MyUser("name1","password1");
		query.setProperties(myUser);
		List list = query.list();
		for(Users users : list){
			System.out.println(users.getId());
		}

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