环境：
master：192.168.2.142
slave ：192.168.2.143
两者都装了mysql 5.6.10
硬件环境都一样，vmware下centos 6.2
内存 1GB
磁盘 20GB
CPU 2个
在master端创建测试数据库
[root@localhost ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.6.10 Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> create database kenyon_master;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| kenyon_master |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> use kenyon_master;
Database changed
mysql> create table t_kenyon(id int);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.07 sec)
mysql> insert into t_kenyon values(1),(2),(3);
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Records: 3 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> select * from t_kenyon;
+------+
| id |
+------+
| 1 |
| 2 |
| 3 |
+------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show master status;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
mysql> \q
Bye
[root@localhost ~]#
修改master端/etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
log-bin=mysql-bin
server-id =1
binlog-do-db=kenyon_master
binlog-ignore-db=mysql,test,information_schema,performance_schema
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data/
innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data/
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 256M
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 20M
innodb_log_file_size = 64M
innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50
重启master端DB，使修改生效，并创建slave端连到master端的用户
[root@localhost ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!
Starting MySQL............ SUCCESS!
[root@localhost ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.6.10-log Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show variables like 'innodb_data_home_dir';
+----------------------+------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------+------------------------+
| innodb_data_home_dir | /usr/local/mysql/data/ |
+----------------------+------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show variables like 'innodb_additional_mem_pool_size';
+---------------------------------+----------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------------------------+----------+
| innodb_additional_mem_pool_size | 20971520 |
+---------------------------------+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show master stauts;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'stauts' at line 1
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+---------------+--------------------------------------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+---------------+--------------------------------------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 | 120 | kenyon_master | mysql,test,information_schema,performance_schema | |
+------------------+----------+---------------+--------------------------------------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.02 sec)
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to repluser@'192.168.2.143' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.07 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> \q
Bye
[root@localhost ~]#
备份master端数据,并拷贝至slave端
mysql> flush tables with read lock;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+---------------+--------------------------------------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+---------------+--------------------------------------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000002 | 120 | kenyon_master | mysql,test,information_schema,performance_schema | |
+------------------+----------+---------------+--------------------------------------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
另外一个session:
[root@localhost log]# cd /usr/local/mysql/data
[root@localhost data]# tar -zcvf backup.tar.gz kenyon_master
kenyon_master/
kenyon_master/t_kenyon.frm
kenyon_master/t_kenyon.ibd
kenyon_master/db.opt
[root@localhost data]#
[root@localhost data]# scp backup.tar.gz [email protected]:/usr/local/mysql/data/
The authenticity of host '192.168.2.143 (192.168.2.143)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is 21:85:2a:f7:28:41:61:57:68:6c:3b:47:0a:25:92:47.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.2.143' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
[email protected]'s password:
backup.tar.gz 100% 887 0.9KB/s 00:00
[root@localhost data]#
回到之前的session,解锁
mysql> unlock tables;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
修改slave端的/etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
server-id = 2
master-host = 192.168.2.142 #5.5以上废弃
master-user = repluser #5.5以上废弃
master-password = 123456 #5.5以上废弃
master-port = 3306 #5.5以上废弃
master-connect-retry=60 #重试时间60秒, #5.5以上废弃
replicate-do-db=kenyon_master #需要同步的库
log-slave-updates=1 #启用从库日志，这样可以设置链式复制
read-only = 1 #0表示可读写，1表示只读,但是只针对普通用户，超级用户和同步用户不受此限制
重启后查看状态：
mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State:
Master_Host: 192.168.2.142
Master_User: repluser
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 120
Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000001
Relay_Log_Pos: 4
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
Slave_IO_Running: No
Slave_SQL_Running: No
Replicate_Do_DB: kenyon_master
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 120
Relay_Log_Space: 120
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 0
Master_UUID:
Master_Info_File: /usr/local/mysql/data/master.info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State:
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position: 0
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
上面有两个参数：Slave_IO_Running， Slave_SQL_Running的状态是NO，说明有问题，网络已经排查，我们重启slave后，发现正常了。
mysql> stop slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.10 sec)
mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.2.142
Master_User: repluser
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 120
Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 283
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB: kenyon_master
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 120
Relay_Log_Space: 460
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1
Master_UUID: 707d5ebf-8493-11e2-9e08-000c29202821
Master_Info_File: /usr/local/mysql/data/master.info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position: 0
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
这个时候master端的数据变化可以反映在slave端(在master库里新增删表或者修改数据，在slave端查看是否同步)。
master端的进程
mysql> show processlist\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Id: 12
User: root
Host: localhost
db: kenyon_master
Command: Sleep
Time: 1481
State:
Info: NULL
*************************** 2. row ***************************
Id: 20
User: root
Host: localhost
db: kenyon_master
Command: Query
Time: 0
State: init
Info: show processlist
*************************** 3. row ***************************
Id: 23
User: repluser
Host: 192.168.2.143:59811
db: NULL
Command: Binlog Dump
Time: 708
State: Master has sent all binlog to slave; waiting for binlog to be updated
Info: NULL
3 rows in set (0.02 sec)
slave端的进程
mysql> show processlist\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Id: 5
User: root
Host: localhost
db: kenyon_master
Command: Query
Time: 0
State: init
Info: show processlist
*************************** 2. row ***************************
Id: 10
User: system user
Host:
db: NULL
Command: Connect
Time: 602
State: Waiting for master to send event
Info: NULL
*************************** 3. row ***************************
Id: 11
User: system user
Host:
db: NULL
Command: Connect
Time: 282
State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
Info: NULL
3 rows in set (0.03 sec)
至此，一个master-slave的配置已经完成。
change master to master_host='172.168.2.148',master_user='repluser',master_password='123456',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000003',master_log_pos=120
如果需要做级联复制，则加一下
log-slave-updates=1
加完这个重启从机，查看是否生效:
mysql> show variables like 'log_slave_%';
+-------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+-------------------+-------+
| log_slave_updates | ON |
+-------------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
配好了从机有可能需要重启一下
如果多个DB复制
binlog-do-db=DB1
binlog-do-db=DB2
binlog-do-db=DB3
replicate-do-db=DB1
replicate-do-db=DB2
replicate-do-db=DB3