利用 RMAN 备份集部署DG

1：主备数据库版本一定要一样。
2：备库    安装数据库软件，根据主库数据文件、日志文件路径等创建相关文件夹，具体可以参考主库参数文件中有路径的参数
3：主库    全备，包括数据文件、归档日志文件、控制文件。

点击(此处)折叠或打开

 run{
 sql \"alter system archive log current\";
 sql \"alter database create standby controlfile as \'\'/home/oracle/standby.ctl\'\'\";
 backup database format \"/home/oracle/full_%U_%t.bak\" plus archivelog format \"/home/oracle/arch_%U_%t.bak\";
 sql \"alter system archive log current\";
 }

[oracle@redhat01 ~]$ tar zcvf standby.tar.gz *.bak standby.ctl
[oracle@redhat01 ~]$ scp standby.tar.gz 192.168.253.131:/home/oracle

拷贝完成之后，将备份集打包传送至备库。
4：备库    备份集解压、数据恢复

点击(此处)折叠或打开

 [oracle@redhat02 ~]$ tar zxvf standby.tar.gz
 rman target /
 RMAN> restore controlfile from '/home/oracle/standby.ctl'; Starting restore at 29-JUN-15 using target database control file instead of recovery catalog allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=19 device type=DISK channel ORA_DISK_1: copied control file copy output file name=/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbs/ora_control1 output file name=/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbs/ora_control2 Finished restore at 29-JUN-15 RMAN> alter database mount; database mounted released channel: ORA_DISK_1 RMAN> crosscheck archivelog all; Starting implicit crosscheck backup at 29-JUN-15 allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=20 device type=DISK Crosschecked 4 objects Finished implicit crosscheck backup at 29-JUN-15 Starting implicit crosscheck copy at 29-JUN-15 using channel ORA_DISK_1 Crosschecked 2 objects Finished implicit crosscheck copy at 29-JUN-15 searching for all files in the recovery area cataloging files... no files cataloged released channel: ORA_DISK_1 allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=20 device type=DISK specification does not match any archived log in the repository RMAN> delete expired archivelog all; released channel: ORA_DISK_1 allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=20 device type=DISK specification does not match any archived log in the repository RMAN> crosscheck backupset; using channel ORA_DISK_1 crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'EXPIRED' backup piece handle=/home/oracle/arch_03qamd61_1_1_883635393.bak RECID=2 STAMP=883987249 crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'EXPIRED' backup piece handle=/home/oracle/full_04qamd62_1_1_883635394.bak RECID=3 STAMP=883987249 crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'EXPIRED' backup piece handle=/home/oracle/full_05qamd76_1_1_883635430.bak RECID=4 STAMP=883987249 crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'EXPIRED' backup piece handle=/home/oracle/arch_06qamd7a_1_1_883635434.bak RECID=5 STAMP=883987249 Crosschecked 4 objects RMAN>  RMAN> delete expired backupset;

 RMAN> catalog start with '/home/oracle/';
 RMAN> restore database;
 RMAN> recover database;

6：主备库 initorcl.ora、listener.ora、tnsnames.ora 配置，因为修改了 UNIQUE_NAME，所以需要重启数据库

点击(此处)折叠或打开

 //主库：
   //initorcl.ora
 alter system set db_unique_name = orcl3 scope=spfile;
 alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG=\'DG_CONFIG=(orcl2,orcl3)\';
 alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1=\'LOCATION=/data/oracle/orcl/archive/ VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcl3\';
 alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2=\'SERVICE=orclsta LGWR ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcl2\';
 alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE;
 alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE;

 alter system set FAL_SERVER=orclsta;
 alter system set FAL_CLIENT=orclpri;
 alter system set STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO;
   //listener.ora
 [oracle@redhat02 ~]$ cat //opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/network/admin/listener.ora  # listener.ora Network Configuration File: /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/network/admin/listener.ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools. LISTENER =   (DESCRIPTION_LIST =     (DESCRIPTION =       (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))       (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = redhat02.com)(PORT = 1521))     )   ) ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /opt/oracle

        //tnsnames.ora
    [oracle@redhat02 ~]$ cat //opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
orclpri=
  (DESCRIPTION=
    (ADDRESS=
      (PROTOCOL=TCP)
      (HOST=192.168.253.131)
      (PORT=1521)
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA=
      (SID=orcl)
    )
  )

orclsta=
  (DESCRIPTION=
    (ADDRESS=
      (PROTOCOL=TCP)
      (HOST=192.168.253.130)
      (PORT=1521)
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA=
      (SID=orcl)
    )
  )

点击(此处)折叠或打开

 //备库：
 alter system set db_unique_name = orcl2 scope=spfile;
 alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG=\'DG_CONFIG=(orcl2,orcl3)\';
 alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1=\'LOCATION=/data/oracle/orcl/archive/ VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcl2\';
 alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2=\'SERVICE=orclpri LGWR ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcl3\';
 alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE;
 alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE;
 alter system set FAL_SERVER=orclpri;
 alter system set FAL_CLIENT=orclsta;
 alter system set STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO;
   
        //listener.ora
 [oracle@redhat02 ~]$ cat //opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/network/admin/listener.ora  # listener.ora Network Configuration File: /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/network/admin/listener.ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools. LISTENER =   (DESCRIPTION_LIST =     (DESCRIPTION =       (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))       (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = redhat01.com)(PORT = 1521))     )   ) ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /opt/oracle
 //tnsnames.ora     [oracle@redhat02 ~]$ cat //opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/network/admin/tnsnames.ora  orclpri=   (DESCRIPTION=     (ADDRESS=       (PROTOCOL=TCP)       (HOST=192.168.253.131)       (PORT=1521)     )     (CONNECT_DATA=       (SID=orcl)     )   ) orclsta=   (DESCRIPTION=     (ADDRESS=       (PROTOCOL=TCP)       (HOST=192.168.253.130)       (PORT=1521)     )     (CONNECT_DATA=       (SID=orcl)     )   )

7.将主库密码文件拷贝至备库
8.启用日志应用，查看是否正常，查看告警日志是否异常。

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 SQL> alter database open;

 Database altered.

 SQL> alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;

 Database altered.

 SQL> select STATUS,THREAD#,SEQUENCE# from v$managed_standby;

 SQL> select sequence#,status,applied from v$archived_log;

  SEQUENCE# S APPLIED
 ---------- - ---------
      6 A YES
      7 A YES
      8 A YES
      9 A YES
     10 A YES
     11 A YES
     12 A YES

 7 rows selected.

若告警日志中有如下错，需要取消日志应用，删除旧的 standby 日志组或文件，重建 standby 日志组/文件

点击(此处)折叠或打开

 [oracle@felixdb ~]$ oerr ora 19527
         19527, 00000, \"physical standby redo log must be renamed\"
         // *Cause: The CLEAR LOGFILE command was used at a physical standby
         // database. This command cannot be used at a physical standby
         // database unless the LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT initialization
         // parameter is set. This is required to avoid overwriting
         // the primary database\

点击(此处)折叠或打开

 alter database drop logfile group 11;
 alter database drop logfile group 12;
 alter database add standby logfile group 11 (\'/data/oradata/orcl/data/standby_redo11b.log\',\'/data/oradata/orcl/data/standby_redo11a.log\') size 100m;
 alter database add standby logfile group 12 (\'/data/oradata/orcl/data/standby_redo12b.log\',\'/data/oradata/orcl/data/standby_redo12a.log\') size 100m;

现在重启备库实时日志应用，可以测试一下

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