Oracle修改(db_name,db_unique_name, servie_names,db_domain)方法

前提:

备份参数文件、控制文件、用户口令文件、参数文件、tnsnames.ora(个人习惯:什么工作都会备份为先)

 

实际操作方法:

1、 备份文本控制文件,并修改、编写新的生成控制文件SQL

2、 vi pfile,修改db_name,dispatchers成你需要的数据库名

3、 关闭数据库(shutdown immedaite)

4、 开启数据库nomount(startup nomount pfile=’xxx’;)

5、 使用编写好的控制文件SQL生成新的控制文件

6、 添加临时文件

7、 修改用户口令文件、tnsnames.ora、并使用远程登陆数据库验证

 

操作方法记录如下:

1

备份文本控制文件

sys@TEST> alter database backup controlfile to trace as '/home/ora/control.ctl';

Database altered.

编写建立新控制文件SQL

--     Set #2. RESETLOGS case

CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "TEST" RESETLOGS  ARCHIVELOG

修改成CREATE CONTROLFILE SET DATABASE "DOUDOU" RESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG

删除下面一行

#RECOVER DATABASE USING BACKUP CONTROLFILE

因为我们是shutdown immediate关闭数据库,没有必要恢复SCN了!shutdown immediate会checkpoint ,所有的数据文件SCN都会一致

 

生成新的控制文件SQL如下:

CREATE CONTROLFILE SET DATABASE "DOUDOU" RESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG

    MAXLOGFILES 16

    MAXLOGMEMBERS 3

    MAXDATAFILES 100

    MAXINSTANCES 8

    MAXLOGHISTORY 292

LOGFILE

  GROUP 1 '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/redo01.log'  SIZE 50M,

  GROUP 2 '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/redo02.log'  SIZE 50M,

  GROUP 3 '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/redo03.log'  SIZE 50M

DATAFILE

  '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/system01.dbf',

  '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs1.dbf',

  '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/sysaux01.dbf',

  '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/users01.dbf',

  '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/perfstat.dbf',

  '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/doudou.dbf',

  '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/doudou_index.dbf',

  '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/maclean.dbf',

  '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/test.dbf',

  '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/gaokao.dbf'

CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8

;

 

2

修改参数文件

sys@TEST> alter system set db_name='doudou' scope=spfile;

alter system set db_name='doudou' scope=spfile

*

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-32017: failure in updating SPFILE

ORA-32016: parameter "db_name" cannot be updated in SPFILE

注:db_name不允许直接使用spfile文件修改,所以选择建立pfile,并修改

sys@TEST> create pfile from spfile;

File created.

修改以下2项参数

*.db_name='doudou'

*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=doudouXDB)'

 

3

关闭数据库

sys@TEST> shutdown immediate;

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

 

4

Startup nomount开启数据库

SQL> startup nomount pfile='/opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/initdoudou.ora';

SQL> show parameter name

 

NAME                                 TYPE                   VALUE

------------------------------------ ---------------------- ------------------------------

db_file_name_convert                 string

db_name                              string                 doudou

db_unique_name                       string                 doudou

global_names                         boolean                FALSE

instance_name                        string                 test

lock_name_space                      string

log_file_name_convert                string

service_names                        string                 doudou

为什么我们修改了db_name而实例名没有变化呢,因为我们没有设置实例名,这里默认了oracle_sid(这也说明了oracle_sid和实例的关系,实例的唯一标识)

 

[ora@dg-pp dbs]$ ORACLE_SID=doudou

SQL> startup nomount pfile='/opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/initdoudou.ora';

SQL> show parameter name

 

NAME                                 TYPE                   VALUE

------------------------------------ ---------------------- ------------------------------

db_file_name_convert                 string

db_name                              string                 doudou

db_unique_name                       string                 doudou

global_names                         boolean                FALSE

instance_name                        string                 doudou

lock_name_space                      string

log_file_name_convert                string

service_names                        string                 doudou

Resetlogs开启数据库

Alter database open resetlogs

 

5

使用新的控制文件SQL创建新的控制文件

CREATE CONTROLFILE SET DATABASE "DOUDOU" RESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG

    MAXLOGFILES 16

    MAXLOGMEMBERS 3

    MAXDATAFILES 100

    MAXINSTANCES 8

    MAXLOGHISTORY 292

LOGFILE

  GROUP 1 '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/redo01.log'  SIZE 50M,

  GROUP 2 '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/redo02.log'  SIZE 50M,

  GROUP 3 '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/redo03.log'  SIZE 50M

DATAFILE

  '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/system01.dbf',

  '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs1.dbf',

  '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/sysaux01.dbf',

  '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/users01.dbf',

  '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/perfstat.dbf',

  '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/doudou.dbf',

  '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/doudou_index.dbf',

  '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/maclean.dbf',

  '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/test.dbf',

  '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/gaokao.dbf'

CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8

;

执行成功后,数据库为mount状态

 

6

添加临时文件

col tablespace_name for a30

SQL> select  TABLESPACE_NAME,SEGMENT_SPACE_MANAGEMENT,CONTENTS from dba_tablespaces where contents='TEMPORARY';

TABLESPACE_NAME                SEGMENT_SPAC CONTENTS

------------------------------ ------------ ------------------

TEMP                           MANUAL       TEMPORARY

TEMP01                         MANUAL       TEMPORARY

DOUDOU_TEMP                    MANUAL       TEMPORARY

alter tablespace temp add tempfile '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/temp.dbf' reuse;

alter tablespace temp01 add tempfile '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/temp01.dbf' reuse;

alter tablespace doudou_temp add tempfile '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/doudou_temp.dbf' reuse;

 

7

修改用户口令文件,tnsnames.ora

[ora@dg-pp dbs]$ cp orapwtest orapwdoudou

vi  tnsnames.ora

doudou =

  (DESCRIPTION =

    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = dg-pp)(PORT = 1521))

    (CONNECT_DATA =

      (SERVER = DEDICATED)

     (SERVICE_NAME = doudou)

    )

  )

 

使用sqlplus 登陆数据库验证

[ora@dg-pp admin]$ sqlplus sys/oracle@doudou as sysdba (登陆成功)

SQL> col name for a30

SQL> col type for a10

SQL> col value for a20

SQL> show parameter name

 

NAME                                 TYPE       VALUE

------------------------------------ ---------- ------------------------------

db_file_name_convert                 string

db_name                              string     doudou

db_unique_name                       string     doudou

global_names                         boolean    FALSE

instance_name                        string     doudou

lock_name_space                      string

log_file_name_convert                string

service_names                        string     doudou

 

 

附表:

Db_name                                 ----(只能pfile修改,并重启生效)

Db_domain                               ----(pfile,spfile都可修改,并重启生效)

Db_unique_name                          ----(只能pfile修改,并重启生效)

Service_names                           ----(pfile,spfile都可修改,立刻生效,无需重启)

 

1、db_domain

修改db_domain (spfile启动)

alter system set db_domain='com' scope=spfile;

    重启数据库生效

    shutdown immediate

    startup

 2、db_unique_name

修改db_unique_name(spfile启动)

    create pfile from spfile; (创建pfile文件修改db_unique_name)

    vi pfile

    startup pfile='/opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/initdoudou.ora';

3、service_names(spfile启动)

    alter system set service_names='www.xiaoyu.com' ;

   

总结:service_names未设置情况下,service_names=db_unique_name.db_domain;若是设置了service_names时,已service_names为准

 

操作方法记录

1、db_domain 操作方法记录

 

col name for a30

col type for a10

col value for a20

show parameter db_domain

NAME                                 TYPE       VALUE

------------------------------------ ---------- ------------------------------

db_domain                            string

show parameter name

NAME                                 TYPE       VALUE

------------------------------------ ---------- ------------------------------

db_file_name_convert                 string

db_name                              string     doudou

db_unique_name                       string     doudou

global_names                         boolean    FALSE

instance_name                        string     doudou

lock_name_space                      string

log_file_name_convert                string

service_names                        string     doudou

alter system set db_domain='com' scope=spfile;

SQL> show parameter db_domain

NAME                                 TYPE       VALUE

------------------------------------ ---------- ------------------------------

db_domain                            string

SQL> show parameter name  

NAME                                 TYPE       VALUE

------------------------------------ ---------- ------------------------------

db_file_name_convert                 string

db_name                              string     doudou

db_unique_name                       string     doudou

global_names                         boolean    FALSE

instance_name                        string     doudou

lock_name_space                      string

log_file_name_convert                string

service_names                        string     doudou

虽然我们修改成功了,但是没有立刻生效,我们重启数据库

shutdown immediate

startup

SQL> show parameter db_domain

NAME                                 TYPE       VALUE

------------------------------------ ---------- ------------------------------

db_domain                            string     com

SQL> show parameter name

NAME                                 TYPE       VALUE

------------------------------------ ---------- ------------------------------

db_file_name_convert                 string

db_name                              string     doudou

db_unique_name                       string     doudou

global_names                         boolean    FALSE

instance_name                        string     doudou

lock_name_space                      string

log_file_name_convert                string

service_names                        string     doudou.com

修改db_domain重启数据库后生效!还有一点需注意service_names自动变为doudou.com也就是说当你设置db_domain时,在不设置service_names的情况下,service_names =db_unique.db_domain (为什么会有这个公式,下面会讲)

 

2、db_unique_name 操作方法记录

SQL> show parameter name

NAME                                 TYPE       VALUE

------------------------------------ ---------- ------------------------------

db_file_name_convert                 string

db_name                              string     doudou

db_unique_name                       string     doudou

global_names                         boolean    FALSE

instance_name                        string     doudou

lock_name_space                      string

log_file_name_convert                string

service_names                        string     doudou.com

SQL> create pfile from spfile;

vi pfile

添加

db_unique_name=’xiaoyu’

开启数据库

SQL> startup pfile='/opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/initdoudou.ora';

SQL> show parameter db_domain

NAME                                 TYPE       VALUE

------------------------------------ ---------- ------------------------------

db_domain                            string     com

SQL> show parameter name

NAME                                 TYPE       VALUE

------------------------------------ ---------- ------------------------------

db_file_name_convert                 string

db_name                              string     doudou

db_unique_name                       string     xiaoyu

global_names                         boolean    FALSE

instance_name                        string     doudou

lock_name_space                      string

log_file_name_convert                string

service_names                        string     xiaoyu.com

在不设置service_names的情况下,service_names=db_unique_name.db_domain公式了

 

3、service_names操作方法记录

SQL> show parameter db_domain

NAME                                 TYPE       VALUE

------------------------------------ ---------- ------------------------------

db_domain                            string     com

SQL> show parameter name

NAME                                 TYPE       VALUE

------------------------------------ ---------- ------------------------------

db_file_name_convert                 string

db_name                              string     doudou

db_unique_name                       string     xiaoyu

global_names                         boolean    FALSE

instance_name                        string     doudou

lock_name_space                      string

log_file_name_convert                string

service_names                        string     xiaoyu.com

SQL> alter system set service_names='www.xiaoyu.com' ;

SQL> show parameter db_domain

NAME                                 TYPE       VALUE

------------------------------------ ---------- ------------------------------

db_domain                            string     com

SQL> show parameter name

NAME                                 TYPE       VALUE

------------------------------------ ---------- ------------------------------

db_file_name_convert                 string

db_name                              string     doudou

db_unique_name                       string     xiaoyu

global_names                         boolean    FALSE

instance_name                        string     doudou

lock_name_space                      string

log_file_name_convert                string

service_names                        string     www.xiaoyu.com


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