Linux下安装Oracle 11g之静默安装脚本 (shell)

注：（仅供学习参考）本脚本经过本人多次测试成功，但由于oracle 11g安装复杂，需要定义各种参数、变量，小小错误就会导致安装失败。请各位在测试机上测试完成后，方可用于正式环境。（QQ:755136755）

1. oracle 11g 文件（linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip）下载到/tmp/目录下。
2. 设置好自己的变量

 

#!/bin/bash
#Global environment variable
HostIP="192.168.2.57"
HostName="centos7_57"
echo "${HostIP} ${HostName}" >> /etc/hosts
OracleUserPasswd="ABC123@" #oraclet用户的密码
ORACLE_DB_PASSWD="ABC123@" #数据库的密码
ORACLE_BASE="/data/soft/oracle"
ORACLE_HOME="${ORACLE_BASE}/product/11.2.0"
ORACLE_SID="orcl"
NLS_LANG="AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK" #系统变量
CHARACTERSET="ZHS16GBK" #dbca_rsp数据库编码
GDBNAME="ORCL.ABC.COM" #数据库格式：. 
#域名由各国文字的特定字符集、英文字母、数字及“-”(即连字符或减号)任意组合而成, 但开头及结尾均不能含有“-”。 
#内存计算,#物理内存不少于1G,swap分区空间不少于2G kernel.shmmax
MemTotle_BYTE=`awk '($1 == "MemTotal:"){print $2}' /proc/meminfo` #内存（byte）
MemTotle_BYTE_KERNEL=`echo $MemTotle_BYTE | awk '{print $1-1}'` #除以2
MemTotle_BYTE_KERNEL=`echo $MemTotle_BYTE_KERNEL | awk -F"." '{print $1}'`  #去除小数点
if [[ $MemTotle_BYTE_KERNEL -lt 1073741824 ]];then
   MemTotle_BYTE_KERNEL="1073741824" 
   echo "内存少于1G手动设置为1073741824（1G）"
else 
   echo "内存大于于1G：${MemTotle_BYTE_KERNEL}"
fi
MemTotle_MB=`awk '($1 == "MemTotal:"){print $2/1024}' /proc/meminfo` #内存(MB)
MemTotle_MB_80=`echo $MemTotle_MB | awk -F"." '{print $1*0.8}'` #内存的80%
MemTotle_MB_80=`echo $MemTotle_MB_80 | awk -F"." '{print $1}'` #去除小数点
#安装文件参数配置的临时文件
rm -f /tmp/oracle_env_tmp.txt
rm -f /tmp/kernel_config_tmp.txt
rm -f /tmp/oracle_install_rsp.txt
rm -f /tmp/oracle_dbca_rsp.txt
#oracle 用户变量设置
cat >> /tmp/oracle_env_tmp.txt < #oracle 用户变量设置
NLS_LANG=${NLS_LANG}
ORACLE_BASE=${ORACLE_BASE}
ORACLE_HOME=\${ORACLE_BASE}/product/11.2.0
ORACLE_SID=${ORACLE_SID}
PATH=\$PATH:\${ORACLE_HOME}/bin 
export NLS_LANG ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID PATH 
echo "oracle .bash_profile exec!!!"
EOF
cat >> /tmp/kernel_config_tmp.txt <   #oracle 优化
  fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
  fs.file-max = 6815744
  kernel.shmall = 2097152
  kernel.shmmax = ${MemTotle_BYTE_KERNEL} 
  kernel.shmmni = 4096
  kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
  net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
  net.core.rmem_default = 262144
  net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
  net.core.wmem_default = 262144
  net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
EOF
cat >> /tmp/oracle_install_rsp.txt < oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=${HostName}
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall
INVENTORY_LOCATION=${ORACLE_BASE}/inventory
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN
ORACLE_HOME=${ORACLE_BASE}/product/11.2.0
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=${ORACLE_SID}
ORACLE_BASE=${ORACLE_BASE}
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE
oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=dba
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true
EOF
#/data/oracle/oradata
#/data/oracle/fast_recovery_area
#GDBNAME 全局数据库名
cat >> /tmp/oracle_dbca_rsp.txt < GDBNAME="${GDBNAME}"
SID="${ORACLE_SID}"
SYSPASSWORD="${ORACLE_DB_PASSWD}"
SYSTEMPASSWORD="${ORACLE_DB_PASSWD}"
SYSMANPASSWORD="${ORACLE_DB_PASSWD}"
DBSNMPPASSWORD="${ORACLE_DB_PASSWD}"
DATAFILEDESTINATION=${ORACLE_BASE}/oradata
RECOVERYAREADESTINATION=${ORACLE_BASE}/fast_recovery_area
CHARACTERSET="${CHARACTERSET}"
TOTALMEMORY="${MemTotle_MB_80}"
EOF
#其中TOTALMEMORY = "1638" 为1638MB，物理内存2G*百分之80"。

#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------#
#Judgment parameter
function print_color () #颜色输出函数
{
case $1 in
    red)
echo -e "\033[31m$2 \033[0m"
;;
    green)
echo -e "\033[32m$2 \033[0m"
;;
    yellow)
echo -e "\033[33m$2 \033[0m"
;;
    blue)
echo -e "\033[34m$2 \033[0m"
;;
     *)
echo -e "\033[31m[颜色错误]$2 \033[0m"
;;
   esac
}
function j_para() {
  print_color "green" "检查参数!"
  #判断必要参数是否存在
  if [ ${HostIP} == ''  -a  ${ORACLE_SID} == '' ];then
    echo -e "\033[34mInstallNotice >>\033[0m \033[05;31mPlease config HostIP&ORACLE_SID\033[0m"
    exit
  fi
  print_color "green" "HOSTNAME:${HostName},IP:${HostIP},SID:${ORACLE_SID}"
  #判断数据库包文件是否存在
  if [ ! -f "/tmp/linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip" ]; then
     print_color "red" "/tmp/linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip not found"
     exit
  elif [ ! -f "/tmp/linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip" ]; then
     print_color "red" "/tmp/linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip not found"
     exit
  fi
  if [ -d "/tmp/database/" ];then
    print_color "red" "/tmp/database/ 已存在，目录冲突，请删除，再执行脚本！" 
    exit 1
  fi
  user_i=`cat /etc/passwd | cut -f1 -d':' | grep -w "oracle" -c`
  if [ $user_i -gt 0 ]; then
     #显示用户存在
     print_color "red" "oracle用户已存在！请备份home目录，并执行userdel -r oracle，删除用户！"
     exit 1
  fi
}
#install package
function install_package() {
  print_color "green" "正在yum安装必要的包..."
  yum install -y -q binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-33.i686 glibc glibc.i686 \
  glibc-devel glibc-devel.i686 ksh libaio libaio.i686 libaio-devel libaio-devel.i686 libX11 libX11.i686 \
  libXau libXau.i686 libXi libXi.i686 libXtst libXtst.i686 libgcc libgcc.i686 libstdc++ libstdc++.i686 \
  libstdc++-devel libstdc++-devel.i686 libxcb libxcb.i686 make nfs-utils net-tools smartmontools sysstat \
  unixODBC unixODBC-devel gcc gcc-c++ libXext libXext.i686 zlib-devel zlib-devel.i686 unzip wget vim epel-release
}
#base_config
function base_config() {
 # echo "${HostIP} ${HostName}" >> /etc/hosts
  sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
  setenforce 0
  systemctl stop firewalld && systemctl disable firewalld
  print_color "green" "添加oracle用户和组"
  #添加用户和组
  groupadd oinstall && groupadd dba && groupadd oper 
  useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle && echo "$OracleUserPasswd" | passwd oracle --stdin
  #mkdir oracle need directory
  #ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
  #ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0
  print_color "green" "创建基本文件夹"
  mkdir -p ${ORACLE_HOME} 
  mkdir ${ORACLE_BASE}/oradata #存放数据库的数据目录
  mkdir ${ORACLE_BASE}/oinventory #oracle install 安装日志存放目录
  mkdir ${ORACLE_BASE}/fast_recovery_area #数据库归档日志放置在fast_recovery_area
  chmod -R 775 ${ORACLE_BASE} 
  chown -R oracle:oinstall ${ORACLE_BASE}
  print_color "green" "修改用户的限制文件"
  echo "
  oracle           soft    nproc           2047
  oracle           hard    nproc           16384
  oracle           soft    nofile          1024
  oracle           hard    nofile          65536
  oracle           soft    stack           10240
  " >> /etc/security/limits.conf
  print_color "green" "修改/etc/pam.d/login文件"
  echo "
  session  required   /lib64/security/pam_limits.so
  session  required   pam_limits.so
  " >> /etc/pam.d/login
  print_color "green" "修改/etc/profile文件"
  echo "
  if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
    if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
      ulimit -p 16384
      ulimit -n 65536
    else
      ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
    fi
  fi
  " >> /etc/profile
  print_color "green" "设置oracle用户变量"
  #导入oracle变量。add oracle environmental variable
  cat /tmp/oracle_env_tmp.txt >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile 
  cat /home/oracle/.bash_profile 
  bash /home/oracle/.bash_profile
  chmod 755 /home/oracle/.bash_profile
  rm -f /tmp/oracle_env_tmp.txt
}
function kernel_config() { #内核优化
  #内核参数配置 kernel.shmmax = 1073741824 为本机物理内存（2G）的一半，单位为byte。
  print_color "green" "修改内核参数配置文件"
  cat /tmp/kernel_config_tmp.txt >> /etc/sysctl.conf  && sysctl -p -q
  tail -20 /tmp/kernel_config_tmp.txt
}
#Decompression oracle file解压
function oracle_file() {
  print_color "green" "解压oracle安装文件/tmp/linux.x64_11gR2_database_*of2.zip"
  unzip -qa linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip && echo "解压成功！！！" 
  if [ "$?" -ne 0 ]; then echo "解压失败, 程序退出！"; exit 1; fi 
  unzip -qa linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip && echo "解压成功！！！" 
  if [ "$?" -ne 0 ]; then echo "解压失败, 程序退出！"; exit 1; fi 

  mkdir /home/oracle/response
  chown -R oracle:oinstall /tmp/database
  chown -R oracle:oinstall /home/oracle/response
  #get install config file
  cd /home/oracle/response 
  \cp -a /tmp/database/response/* /home/oracle/response/
  if [ "$?" -ne 0 ]; then echo "执行结果: exit $?, 程序退出！"; exit 1; fi 
}
function db_install_rsp() {  #替换安装文件参数/home/oracle/response/db_install.rsp
  print_color "green" "替换文件参数:/home/oracle/response/db_install.rsp"
  while read line
  do
    OLD_IFS="$IFS"
    IFS="="
    arr_cut_01=($line)
    OLD_IFS="$IFS"
    IFS="$OLD_IFS"
    sed -n "s%^${arr_cut_01[0]}.*=\$%$line%p" /home/oracle/response/db_install.rsp
    sed -i "s%^${arr_cut_01[0]}.*=\$%$line%" /home/oracle/response/db_install.rsp
 done < /tmp/oracle_install_rsp.txt
}
function dbca_rsp() { #替换建库文件参数/home/oracle/response/dbca.rsp
  print_color "green" "替换文件参数:/home/oracle/response/dbca.rsp"
  while read line
  do
    OLD_IFS="$IFS"
    IFS="="
    arr_cut_02=($line)
    IFS="$OLD_IFS"
    OLD_IFS="$IFS"
    sed -n "s%^${arr_cut_02[0]} = .*%$line%p" /home/oracle/response/dbca.rsp
    sed -n "s%^#${arr_cut_02[0]}[ ]*=.*%$line%p" /home/oracle/response/dbca.rsp
    sed -i "s%^${arr_cut_02[0]} = .*%$line%" /home/oracle/response/dbca.rsp
    sed -i "s%^#${arr_cut_02[0]}[ ]*=.*%$line%" /home/oracle/response/dbca.rsp
  done < /tmp/oracle_dbca_rsp.txt

}
#start install oracle software and start listen
function install_oracle() {
  print_color "green" "开始安装oracle"
  #start install oracle
  oracle_out='/tmp/oracle.out'
  su - oracle -c "/tmp/database/runInstaller -force -silent -noconfig \
  -responseFile /home/oracle/response/db_install.rsp -ignorePrereq" 1> ${oracle_out}
  echo -e "\033[34mInstallNotice >>\033[0m \033[32m Oracle Install Starting \033[05m...\033[0m"
  while true; do
    grep '[FATAL] [INS-10101]' ${oracle_out} &> /dev/null #抓取错误关键字 
    if [[ $? == 0 ]];then  #抓取成功则 安装失败
      print_color "red" "Oracle start install has [ERROR]！！！"
      cat ${oracle_out}
      exit
    fi
    cat /tmp/oracle.out  | grep oot.sh #抓取安装完成关键字
    if [[ $? == 0 ]];then
      sleep 3
      #/data/soft/oracle/inventory/orainstRoot.sh
      orainstRoot_sh=`cat /tmp/oracle.out  | grep oot.sh | awk  '{print $0}' | head -1` 
      print_color "yellow" "开始执行:${orainstRoot_sh}"
      ${orainstRoot_sh} #运行sh脚本
      if [[ $? == 0 ]]; then
         print_color "green" "Script 1 run ok"
      else
         print_color "red" "Script 1 run faild" 
         exit 1 #错误则退出
      fi
       sleep 3
       #     /data/soft/oracle/product/11.2.0/root.sh
      root_sh=`cat /tmp/oracle.out  | grep oot.sh | awk  '{print $0}' | tail -1` #运行sh脚本
      print_color "yellow" "开始执行:${root_sh}"
      ${root_sh}
      if [[ $? == 0 ]];then 
         print_color "green" "Script 2 run ok"
      else
         print_color "red" "Script 2 run faild" 
         exit 1 #错误则退出
      fi
      #start listen
      print_color "green" "以静默方式配置监听..."
      #以静默方式配置监听
      su - oracle -c "netca /silent /responsefile /home/oracle/response/netca.rsp" 
      if [ "$?" -ne 0 ]; then echo "执行结果: exit $?, 程序退出！"; exit 1; fi 
      netstat -anptu | grep 1521
      if [[ $? == 0 ]]; then
        print_color "green" "Oracle run listen"
        break
      else
        print_color "red"  "Oracle no run listen"
        exit
      fi
    fi
  sleep 3
  done
}
#以静默方式建立新库install oracle single instance
function CreateDatabase() {
  print_color "green" "Start CreateDatabase..." #密码已经在文件中定义
  su - oracle -c "dbca -silent -createDatabase -responseFile /home/oracle/response/dbca.rsp || echo 'dbca执行失败,请检查dbca.rsp与安装日志'"
  su - oracle -c "ps -ef | grep ora_ | grep -v grep"
  su - oracle -c "lsnrctl status"
}

function main() {

  kernel_config  && \
  j_para && \
  install_package && \
  base_config && \
  oracle_file && \
  db_install_rsp && \
  dbca_rsp && \
  install_oracle && \
  CreateDatabase && \
  print_color "green" "Oracle 11g 安装完成！" || print_color "red" "Oracle 11g 安装失败！"
  exit 0
}
#run script
main
注：（仅供学习参考）本脚本经过本人多次测试成功，但由于oracle 11g安装复杂，需要定义各种参数、变量，小小错误就会导致安装失败。请各位在测试机上测试完成后，方可用于正式环境。（QQ:755136755）