数组随机排序:洗牌算法(Fisher–Yates shuffle)

原理及步骤

1.定义一个数组(shuffled),长度(length)是原数组(arr)长度
2.取 0 到 index (初始0) 随机值 rand, shuffled[index] = shuffled[rand], shuffled[rand] = arr[index]
3.index++ ; 重复第二步,直到 index = length -1
简单来说,就是 shuffled 从 0 到 length-1 的赋值过程,并且新加入的值是 arr[index]。

代码实现

1.代码一

function random(min, max) {
    if (max == null) {
        max = min;
        min = 0;
    }
    return min + Math.floor(Math.random() * (max - min + 1));
};
function shuffle(arr) {
    var length = arr.length, shuffled = Array(length);
    for (var index = 0, rand; index < length; index++) {
        rand = random(0, index);
        if (rand !== index) shuffled[index] = shuffled[rand];
        shuffled[rand] = arr[index];
    }
    return shuffled;
}

测试用例:

var arr = ['dfewfew', 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, "fdf'", { kdofkod, jiji, miojim }];
shuffle(arr);

console输出:

[3, "dfewfew", 7, 2, 4, Array(3), "fdf'", 5, 6]

其中, Array(3):length:3
0:"kdofkod"
1:"jiji"
2:"miojim"

2.代码二

function shuffle(arr) {
    var i, j, temp;
    for (i = arr.length - 1; i > 0; i--) {
        j = Math.floor(Math.random() * (i + 1));
        temp = arr[i];
        arr[i] = arr[j];
        arr[j] = temp;
    }
    return arr;
};

测试用例:

var arr = ['dfewfew', 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, "fdf'", { kdofkod, jiji, miojim }];
shuffle(arr);

console输出:

[7, 3, "dfewfew", "fdf'", Array(3), 4, 6, 2, 5]

其中, Array(3):length:3
0:"kdofkod"
1:"jiji"
2:"miojim"

参考资料

Fisher–Yates shuffle 洗牌算法
JavaScript学习笔记:数组随机排序
洗牌算法:给数组随机排序
洗牌算法Fisher_Yates原理

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