在Oracle关闭的状态下，如何修改参数文件spfile

因为一些内存大小设置的问题，搞不定，一上火，我直接重启了整台服务器。

登录之后，启动数据库，还是出错：

ORA-00844: Parameter not taking MEMORY_TARGET into account
ORA-00851: SGA_MAX_SIZE 2147483648 cannot be set to more than MEMORY_TARGET 1258291200.
ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters

可是尼玛，spfile是二进制文件，没法修改啊，怎么办？

还好从网上找了些资料，还是有办法。你碰到的问题，都会有人碰到的。

解决的办法就是：

通过pfile启动Oracle–>在Oracle中通过create pfile='' from spfile=''取出spfile的内容（pfile是可以手动修改的）–>修改新建的pfile–>以新的pfile启动Oracle–>在Oracle中通过create spfile='' from pfile=''获得修改后的spfile

具体实战：

SQL> create pfile = '/opt/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome/dbs/initORCL.ora' from spfile = '/opt/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome/dbs/spfileORCL.ora';
File created.

SQL> startup mount pfile='/opt/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome/dbs/initORCL.ora';

此时，参数可能还有一些问题，但你可以打开initORCL.ora修改了，搞定之后。

SQL> alter database open;
Database altered.

SQL> create spfile = '/opt/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome/dbs/spfileORCL.ora' from pfile = '/opt/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome/dbs/initORCL.ora';

File created.

SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup;
ORACLE instance started.


Total System Global Area 1258291200 bytes
Fixed Size    8792200 bytes
Variable Size 1023412088 bytes
Database Buffers  201326592 bytes
Redo Buffers   24760320 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.