CentOs7.3 安装 MySQL 5.7.19 二进制版本
参考官网 - 使用通用二进制文件在Unix / Linux上安装MySQL
MySQL社区版 下载地址
采用二进制方式免编译安装MySQL,适合各类MySQL产品系列,不需要复杂的编译设置和编译时间等待,直接解压下载的软件包,初始化即可完成MySQL的安装和启动.
1.准备工作
依赖环境
关闭防火墙
$ systemctl stop firewalld.service
MySQL依赖于libaio 库
$ yum search libaio
$ yum install libaio
下载,解压,重命名
通常解压在 /usr/local/mysql
把mysql-5.7.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
文件夹,重命名成mysql
,这样就凑成/usr/local/mysql
目录了
$ cd /opt/
$ wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
$ tar -zxvf /opt/mysql-5.7.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
$ mv /usr/local/mysql-5.7.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ /usr/local/mysql
解压目录内容
bin
mysqld服务器,客户端和实用程序 data
日志文件,数据库 docs
MySQL手册信息格式 man
Unix手册页 include
包含(标题)文件 lib
库 share
其他支持文件,包括错误消息,示例配置文件,用于数据库安装的SQL
2.安装MySQL
1. 新建用户组和用户
$ cd /usr/local/mysql/
$ groupadd mysql
$ useradd mysql -g mysql
2. 创建目录并授权
$ mkdir data mysql-files
$ chmod 750 mysql-files
$ chown -R mysql .
$ chgrp -R mysql .
3. 初始化MySQL
$ bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql # MySQL 5.7.6 and up
注意密码
4. mysql 临时密码
[注意]root@localhost生成临时密码:;b;s;)/rn6A3
,也就是root@localhost:
后的字符串
2017-08-26T03:23:35.368366Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2017-08-26T03:23:35.748679Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2017-08-26T03:23:35.793190Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2017-08-26T03:23:35.848286Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: f210c54b-8a0d-11e7-abbd-000c29129bb0.
2017-08-26T03:23:35.848889Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2017-08-26T03:23:35.849421Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: ;b;s;)/rn6A3
5. 生成RSA私钥,可以跳过此步骤
mysql_ssl_rsa_setup
需要openssl
支持,用于启用数据量ssl连接,需要进一步配置。
参考-MySQL 使用 SSL 连接
$ bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup
6. 授予读写权限
$ chown -R root .
$ chown -R mysql data mysql-files
7. 添加到MySQL 启动脚本到系统服务
$ cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql.server
3.启动MySQL服务
启动脚本有两个分别是:
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server
(即/etc/init.d/mysqld
)
当启动mysqld时,mysqld_safe
同时启动
mysqld_safe
监控mysqld
服务,记录错误日志,并在mysqld
因故障停止时将其重启
启动方式一
$ bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
启动方式二
$ service mysql.server start
或者
/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start
如若出现报错
Starting MySQL.2017-08-26T07:31:24.312411Z mysqld_safe error: log-error set to '/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log', however file don't exists. Create writable for user 'mysql'.
ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/var/lib/mysql/node1.pid).
给日志目录授予读写权限
$ mkdir /var/log/mariadb
$ touch /var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
$ chown -R mysql:mysql /var/log/mariadb
4.登录MySQL
$ /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
如果不知道密码
密码在,安装MySQL步骤 4 ,有提到,怎么找初始化临时密码
如若出现报错
Enter password:
ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (2)
故障分析
查看mysql实例的状态
$ netstat -ntlp | grep 3306
tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 10794/mysqld
查看my.cnf关于socket的配置
$ more /etc/my.cnf |grep sock
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
解决方法,修改/etc/my.cnf
$ vi /etc/my.cnf
修改 [mysqld]
组下的 socket
路径,我是选择注释掉,加一行为tmp/mysql.soc
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
#socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
重启MySQL 服务
$ service mysql.server start
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!
再次登录
$ /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p
如果不知道密码
密码在,安装MySQL步骤 4 ,有提到,怎么找初始化临时密码
设置MySQL密码
登陆成功后,设置MySQL密码
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'mima';
或者
mysql> set password=password("mima");
刷新权限
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> exit;
查看mysql.user表中存在哪些帐户 以及它们的密码是否为空:
MySQL 5.7.6起,使用这个语句:
mysql> SELECT User, Host, HEX(authentication_string) FROM mysql.user;
+---------------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| User | Host | HEX(authentication_string) |
+---------------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| root | localhost | 2A39383730334637413534333934344644333831383037373636394637344436303631364442324338 |
| mysql.session | localhost | 2A5448495349534E4F544156414C494450415353574F52445448415443414E42455553454448455245 |
| mysql.sys | localhost | 2A5448495349534E4F544156414C494450415353574F52445448415443414E42455553454448455245 |
+---------------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
开启远程登录
关闭防火墙
$ systemctl stop firewalld.service
以权限用户root登录
$ /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> update user set host = '%' where user ='root';
mysql> flush privileges;
第1行:选择mysql库
第2行:修改host值(以通配符%的内容增加主机/IP地址),当然也可以直接增加IP地址
第3行:刷新MySQL的系统权限相关表
或者
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'mima' with grant option;
mysql> flush privileges;
推荐阅读
CentOs7.3 搭建 MySQL 5.7.19 主从复制,以及复制实现细节分析
Contact
- 作者:鹏磊
- 出处:http://www.ymq.io
- Email:[email protected]
- 版权归作者所有,转载请注明出处
- Wechat:关注公众号,搜云库,专注于开发技术的研究与知识分享