sftp

sftp是Secure FileTransferProtocol的缩写,安全文件传送协议。可以为传输文件提供一种安全的加密方法。sftp与 ftp有着几乎一样的语法和功能。SFTP为 SSH的一部分,是一种传输档案至Blogger伺服器的安全方式。其实在SSH软件包中,已经包含了一个叫作SFTP(Secure File TransferProtocol)的安全文件传输子系统,SFTP本身没有单独的守护进程,它必须使用sshd守护进程(端口号默认是22)来完成相应的连接操作,所以从某种意义上来说,SFTP并不像一个服务器程序,而更像是一个客户端程序。SFTP同样是使用加密传输认证信息和传输的数据,所以,使用SFTP是非常安全的。但是,由于这种传输方式使用了加密/解密技术,所以传输效率比普通的FTP要低得多,如果您对网络安全性要求更高时,可以使用SFTP代替FTP。

一、连接方式

常用的方式有两种,一种直接采用sftp连接远端服务器IP

另一种则先登录远程服务器,在开启sftp功能

1、sftp [remotehost IP ]

通过sftp连接[host],端口为默认的22,用户为Linux当前登录用户。

 Xshell 5 (Build 0806)

Copyright (c) 2002-2015 NetSarang Computer, Inc.All rights reserved.

Type `help' to learn how to use Xshellprompt.

[c:\~]$sftp192.168.56.101

Connecting to 192.168.56.101:22...

Connection established.

To escape to local shell, press 'Ctrl+Alt+]'.

Your current local directory is

C:\Users\FieldYang\Documents\NetSarang\Xshell\Sessions

Type `help' to browse available commnands.

sftp:/root>

2、sftp-oPort=[port][remotehost IP]

通过sftp连接远程服务器,指定端口[port],用户为Linux当前登录用户。

3、sftp[user]@[remotehost IP]

通过sftp连接远程服务器,端口为默认的22,指定用户[user]。

Xshell 5 (Build 0806)

Copyright (c) 2002-2015 NetSarangComputer,Inc. All rights reserved.

Type `help' to learn how to use Xshellprompt.

[c:\~]$ [email protected]

Connecting to 192.168.56.101:22...

Connection established.

To escape to local shell, press 'Ctrl+Alt+]'.

Your current local directory is

C:\Users\FieldYang\Documents\NetSarang\Xshell\Sessions

Type `help' to browse available commnands.

sftp:/home/fieldyang>

4、sftp-oPort=[port][user]@[ remotehost IP]

通过sftp连接[remotehost IP],端口为[port],用户为[user]。

5、通过Xshell5与linux建立连接后,在图形用户面板上 窗口->传输新建文件,打开xftp的字符界面,如图,直接关闭即可打开一个sftp窗口

 

二、用法

1、基本用法

sftp:/root> help

bye    finish your SFTP session

      退出sftp

cd     change your remote workingdirectory

      更改远程服务器工作目录

clear  clear screen

      清屏

exit   finish your SFTP session

explore explore your local directory

      导入本地目录

get    download a file from theserver to your localmachine

      从远程服务器上下载文件到本机

help   give help

      查找帮助

lcd    change and/or print localworking directory

      切换本地当前工作目录

lls    list contents of a localdirectory

      列出本地当前目录的内容

lpwd   print your local workingdirectory

      打印当前工作目录

ls     list contents of a remotedirectory

      列出远程服务器目录内容

mkdir  create a directory on theremote server

      在远程服务器上创建一个目录

mv     move or rename a file onthe remote server

      搬移或重命名一个的远程服务器文件

put    upload a file from yourlocal machine to theserver

      将本机的文件上传到远程服务器

pwd    print your remote workingdirectory

      打印远程服务器工作路径

quit   finish your SFTP session

      退出

rename move or rename a file onthe remote server

      搬移或重命名一个的远程服务器文件

rm     delete a file

      删除一个文件

rmdir  remove a directory on theremote server

      在远程服务器上删除一个目录删除一个目录

 

2、常用的为上传下载

1)、get

从远程服务器上下载一个文件存放到本地,如下:

先通过lcd切换到本地那个目录下,然后通过get file

>> lcdd:\            #表示切换到本地的d盘下

>> get ./test.sql   #这样就将当前文件下载本地的d盘下

2)、put

是将本地的文件上传到远程服务器上,如下:

>> put               #在windows下弹出选择文件的窗口

3)、lcd

先通过lcd切换到本地那个目录下

>> lcdc:\            #表示切换到本地的c盘下

4)、lls

#显示当前目录下的所有文件

5)、pwd

#显示当前目录

 

三、各个用法实例详解

实例1、从服务器下载文件到本机

Xshell 5 (Build 0806)

Copyright (c)2002-2015NetSarang Computer, Inc. All rights reserved.

Type `help' to learnhowto use Xshell prompt.

[c:\~]$

Connectingto192.168.56.101:22...

Connectionestablished.

To escape to localshell,press 'Ctrl+Alt+]'.

Your currentlocaldirectory is

C:\Users\FieldYang\Documents\NetSarang\Xshell\Sessions

Type `help' tobrowseavailable commnands.

sftp:/root> cd /mnt/share 

#远程路径切换为/mnt/share 

sftp:/mnt/share> ls –lt  

drwxrwxrwx   11000    users       4096Jun 16 13:39 .

drwxr-xr-x   7root    root        4096Jun 15 14:06 ..

-rwxrwxrwx   11000    users     220151 Jun 1514:26.goutputstream-ZHJ8IY

-rwxrwxrwx   11000    users      19362 Jun16 12:270.jpg

-rwxrwxrwx   11000    users      16157 Jun16 13:39Auth Server and SOAP proxy.docx

-rwxrwxrwx   11000    users      63952 Jun16 12:29bamquickinstall.pdf

-rwxrwxrwx   11000    users       7277Jun 16 13:33DNSmmmS.txt

-rwxrwxrwx   11000    users       7277May 12 10:43DNSS.txt

-rwxrwxrwx   11000    users     111395 Jun 1515:46libpcap-0.9.4-15.el5.x86_64.rpm

-rwxrwxrwx   11000    users     363677 Jun 1514:59ppp-2.4.4-14.1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm

-rwxrwxrwx   11000    users      48430 Jun15 14:57ppp-devel-2.4.4-14.1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm

-rwxrwxrwx   11000    users      86211 Jun15 15:38pptpd-1.4.0-1.rhel4.x86_64.rpm

-rwxrwxrwx   11000    users      86509 Jun15 14:46pptpd-1.4.0-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm

-rwxrwxrwx   11000    users     220151 Jun 1513:22Screenshot.png

-rwxrwxrwx   11000    users      21789 Jun16 13:39Traffic Usage System alarm handling - Gateway, RadiusGWProxy,RadiusProxyServer.docx 

sftp:/mnt/share> lcd d:\Field\test_sftp 

#切换到本地的d盘下Field文件夹的test_sftp文件夹

Local directory isnowd:\Field\test_sftp

sftp:/mnt/share> lpwd

Local directoryisd:\Field\test_sftp

#打印本地文件夹路径

sftp:/mnt/share> lls

06/16/2016 05:44¤W   

             .

06/16/2016 05:44¤W   

             ..

#查看本地文件夹d:\Field\test_sftp内容

sftp:/mnt/share>get./0.jpg ./DNSmmmS.txt./pptpd-1.4.0-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm

#下载远程服务器/mnt/share上的0.jpg、DNSmmmS.txt、#pptpd-1.4.0-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm到本地文件夹d:\Field\test_sftp

Fetching/mnt/share/./pptpd-1.4.0-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpmto pptpd-1.4.0-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm

sftp: received 84.4KB in0.64 seconds

Fetching/mnt/share/./DNSmmmS.txtto DNSmmmS.txt

sftp: received 7.10KB in0.02 seconds

Fetching/mnt/share/./0.jpgto 0.jpg

sftp: received 18.9KB in0.03 seconds 

sftp:/mnt/share> lls –lt

#命令行查看是否下载成功

06/16/2016 05:47¤W   

             .

06/16/2016 05:47¤W   

             ..

06/16/2016 05:47¤W               19362 0.jpg

06/16/2016 05:47¤W                7277 DNSmmmS.txt

06/16/2016 05:47¤W               86509 pptpd-1.4.0-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm

实例2、上传本地文件到远程服务器

sftp:/mnt/share> lcd d:\Field\SNINF\

#切换本地路径到d:\Field\SNINF\

Local directory is nowd:\Field\SNINF\

sftp:/mnt/share> lpwd

#打印本地当前路径

Local directoryisd:\Field\SNINF\

sftp:/mnt/share> lls -lt

02/19/2016 07:50¤W   

             .

02/19/2016 07:50¤W   

             ..

12/11/2015 08:27¤W               16157 AuthServer and SOAP proxy.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              464191 CheckPlan--Jacky.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              562801 CIMDB¡V David.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W               12031 DiskFull ¡V For All Systems.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              126440 EMMSC--Fox.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              115928 ENUM¡VJacky.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              327650 F-Secure.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              107606 GDS--Fox.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              117762 GIMEI¡XFox.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              310862 GUP CGUP¡ΠRay.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              650939 IPcall --Sharon.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              779957 Mexhealth check--Niker.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              124195 NetScout(DPI)¡XFox.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              198426 POC--Jacky.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              326368 RadiusProxy -Niker.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              190044 SMTPhealth check--Niker.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W               45643 StrettiDFS¡XSharon.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              233654 StrettiDISC ¡VJacky.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              449498 TrafficRouter Health Check¡XDavid.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W               21789 TrafficUsage System alarm handling -Gateway, RadiusGWProxy, RadiusProxy Server.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              734859 VideoTranscoder¡XDavid.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W               14815 VirtualBrowser.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W               22554 ZMMSC.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              219776 ZProxy¡ΠFox.docx

12/11/2015 08:27¤W              221199 ZWAPGW NZWAPGW¡ΠFox.docx 

sftp:/mnt/share> put

Uploading TrafficUsageSystem alarm handling - Gateway, RadiusGWProxy, RadiusProxy Server.docxtoremote:/mnt/share/Traffic Usage System alarm handling - Gateway,RadiusGWProxy,RadiusProxy Server.docx

sftp: sent 21.2 KB in0.01seconds

#在弹出的Windows框中选择文件上传 注意上传路径与当前路径要相同 

sftp:/mnt/share> put

UploadingVirtualBrowser.docx to remote:/mnt/share/Virtual Browser.docx

sftp: sent 14.4 KB in0.02seconds

sftp:/mnt/share> put

UploadingCheckPlan--Jacky.docx to remote:/mnt/share/Check Plan--Jacky.docx

sftp: sent 453 KB in0.05seconds

sftp:/mnt/share> put

Uploading ZMMSC.docxtoremote:/mnt/share/ZMMSC.docx

sftp: sent 22.0 KB in0.00seconds

sftp:/mnt/share> ls -lt

drwxrwxrwx   11000    users       4096Jun 16 13:54 .

drwxr-xr-x   7root    root        4096Jun 15 14:06 ..

-rwxrwxrwx   11000    users     220151 Jun 1514:26.goutputstream-ZHJ8IY

-rwxrwxrwx   11000    users      19362 Jun16 12:270.jpg

-rwxrwxrwx   11000    users      16157 Jun16 13:39Auth Server and SOAP proxy.docx

-rwxrwxrwx   11000    users      63952 Jun16 12:29bamquickinstall.pdf

-rwxrwxrwx   11000    users     464191 Jun 1613:53Check Plan--Jacky.docx

-rwxrwxrwx   11000    users       7277Jun 16 13:33DNSmmmS.txt

-rwxrwxrwx   11000    users       7277May 12 10:43DNSS.txt

-rwxrwxrwx   11000    users     111395 Jun 1515:46libpcap-0.9.4-15.el5.x86_64.rpm

-rwxrwxrwx   11000    users     363677 Jun 1514:59ppp-2.4.4-14.1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm

-rwxrwxrwx   11000    users      48430 Jun15 14:57 ppp-devel-2.4.4-14.1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm

-rwxrwxrwx   11000    users      86211 Jun15 15:38pptpd-1.4.0-1.rhel4.x86_64.rpm

-rwxrwxrwx   11000    users      86509 Jun15 14:46pptpd-1.4.0-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm

-rwxrwxrwx   11000    users     220151 Jun 1513:22Screenshot.png

-rwxrwxrwx   11000    users      21789 Jun16 13:52Traffic Usage System alarm handling - Gateway, RadiusGWProxy,RadiusProxyServer.docx

-rwxrwxrwx   11000    users      14815 Jun16 13:53Virtual Browser.docx

-rwxrwxrwx   11000    users      22554Jun 16 13:54 ZMMSC.docx

sftp:/mnt/share>

 

实例3、在远程服务器创建删除目录

sftp:/mnt/share> mkdir /mnt/share/test

#在远程服务器上创建目录/mnt/share/test

sftp:/mnt/share> cd /mnt/share/test

sftp:/mnt/share/test> pwd

#查看是否创建成功

Remotedirectory is /mnt/share/test

sftp:/mnt/share/test> cd /mnt/share/

sftp:/mnt/share> rmdir /test

cannotremove /test:no such a directory

sftp:/mnt/share>rmdir/mnt/share/test

#删除刚创建的目录/mnt/share/test

sftp:/mnt/share> cd /mnt/share/test

cannotchange to/mnt/share/test: no such a directory

#确认是否删除成功

 

实例4、在远程服务器删除文件

sftp:/mnt/share> rm ./ZMMSC

#删除远程服务器/mnt/share上的文件ZMMSC.docx,./表示当前目录

cannotdelete/mnt/share/./ZMMSC: no such a file

sftp:/mnt/share> rm ./ZMMSC.docx

deleted/mnt/share/./ZMMSC.docx

sftp:/mnt/share> rm ./Traffic UsageSystem alarm handling - Gateway,RadiusGWProxy, RadiusProxy Server.docx

usage:rm file

sftp:/mnt/share> rm ./DNSS.txt

deleted/mnt/share/./DNSS.txt

sftp:/mnt/share> ls

#查看是否成功删除

drwxrwxrwx   11000    users       4096Jun 16 14:25 .

drwxr-xr-x   7root    root        4096Jun 15 14:06 ..

-rwxrwxrwx   11000    users     220151 Jun 1514:26.goutputstream-ZHJ8IY

-rwxrwxrwx   11000    users      19362 Jun16 12:270.jpg

-rwxrwxrwx   11000    users      16157 Jun16 13:39 AuthServer and SOAP proxy.docx

-rwxrwxrwx   11000    users      63952 Jun16 12:29bamquickinstall.pdf

-rwxrwxrwx   11000    users     464191 Jun 1613:53Check Plan--Jacky.docx

-rwxrwxrwx   11000    users       7277Jun 16 13:33DNSmmmS.txt

-rwxrwxrwx   11000    users     111395 Jun 1515:46libpcap-0.9.4-15.el5.x86_64.rpm

-rwxrwxrwx   11000    users     363677 Jun 1514:59ppp-2.4.4-14.1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm

-rwxrwxrwx   11000    users      48430 Jun15 14:57ppp-devel-2.4.4-14.1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm

-rwxrwxrwx   11000    users      86211 Jun15 15:38pptpd-1.4.0-1.rhel4.x86_64.rpm

-rwxrwxrwx   11000    users      86509 Jun15 14:46pptpd-1.4.0-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm

-rwxrwxrwx   11000    users     220151 Jun 1513:22Screenshot.png

-rwxrwxrwx   11000    users      21789 Jun16 13:52Traffic Usage System alarm handling - Gateway, RadiusGWProxy,RadiusProxyServer.docx

-rwxrwxrwx   11000    users      14815 Jun16 13:53Virtual Browser.docx

sftp:/mnt/share>

 

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