YII2 邮件插件SwiftMailer使用SendMail本地邮件服务器发送
1.YII中对于SwiftMailer的默认配置
在common\config\main.php中，有如下代码：
'mailer' => [
'class' => 'yii\swiftmailer\Mailer',
'viewPath' => '@common/mail',
// send all mails to a file by default. You have to set
// 'useFileTransport' to false and configure a transport
// for the mailer to send real emails.
'useFileTransport' => true,
],此时，如果使用SwiftMailer发送邮件，会在runtime/application/mail目录下，或者runtime/console/mail目录下，生成*.eml文件，类似20161130-180407-3682-3319.eml。
2.YII中对于SwiftMailer的官方说明
Usage
To use this extension, simply add the following code in your application configuration:
return [
//....
'components' => [
'mailer' => [
'class' => 'yii\swiftmailer\Mailer',
],
],
];You can then send an email as follows:
Yii::$app->mailer->compose('contact/html')
->setFrom('[email protected]')
->setTo($form->email)
->setSubject($form->subject)
->send();
For further instructions refer to the related section in the Yii Definitive Guide.3.众多网上的例子讨论的是如何对SwiftMailer配置外部邮件服务器，比如这里
配置
'mail' => [
'class' => 'yii\swiftmailer\Mailer',
'viewPath' => '@common/mail',
//'useFileTransport' => true, //放在本地的邮件列表,测试邮件的时候可以开启这个
'transport' => [
'class' => 'Swift_SmtpTransport',
'host' => 'smtp.126.com',
'username' => 'your email',
'password' => 'password',
'port' => '465',
'encryption' => 'ssl',
],
],发送
public function sendEmail()
{
/** @var User $user */
$user = User::find([
'status' => User::STATUS_ACTIVE,
'email' => $this->email,
]);
if (!$user) {
return false;
}
$user->generatePasswordResetToken();
if ($user->save()) {
return \Yii::$app->mail->compose()
->setFrom('from email')
->setTo('to email')
->setSubject('subject ')
->setTextBody('内容')
->send();
}
return false;
}4.还有说使用php mail()函数来发送邮件，这里
配置就是把官方默认配置的useFileTransport改为false,并且增加一个transport
return [
'components' => [
...
'mailer' => [
'class' => 'yii\swiftmailer\Mailer',
'viewPath' => '@common/mail',
'transport' => [
'class' => 'Swift_MailTransport',
],
'useFileTransport' => false,
],
],
];测试，发现是可以发送邮件的。
5. 上述4中是php mail()函数起作用了吗
首先，我在SwiftMailer代码中没有发现php mail()函数的使用。php mail()函数起作用是在php.ini中配置了sendmail_path
sendmail_path = /usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i那么，我们把这行注释掉，然后再试，发现仍然可以发送。而直接测试PHP mail()函数，发现mail()函数失效了。可见，并不是php mail()函数起作用。
注意，php cli和php web服务器读取的php.ini可能是不同的，如果是php cli模式，可以先用如下命令查看：
php -i | grep -i php.ini6. 结论，SwiftMailer默认支持使用Shell中SendMail。
- 如果没有配置php.ini中的sendmail_path，php的mail()函数没有启用，swiftmailer默认直接使用系统中的sendmail命令。
此时YII2的/common/config/main-local.php中的配置如下：
return [
'components' => [
...
'mailer' => [
'class' => 'yii\swiftmailer\Mailer',
'viewPath' => '@common/mail',
'useFileTransport' => false,
],
],
];- 如果配置了php的mail()函数，则需要在YII配置文件中指定transport类型，也就是4.上的例子
return [
'components' => [
...
'mailer' => [
'class' => 'yii\swiftmailer\Mailer',
'viewPath' => '@common/mail',
'transport' => [
'class' => 'Swift_MailTransport',
],
'useFileTransport' => false,
],
],
];不管是用何种sendmail，比如smtp、sendmail、mail()，只与配置文件相关，代码中的使用都是一样的。
7.SwitftMailer对transport的说明
\vendor\swiftmailer\swiftmailer\doc\overview.rst
Transports
~~~~~~
Transports are the classes in Swift Mailer that are responsible for
communicating with a service in order to deliver a Message. There are several
types of Transport in Swift Mailer, all of which implement the Swift_Transport
interface and offer underlying start(), stop() and send() methods.
Typically you will not need to know how a Transport works under-the-surface,
you will only need to know how to create an instance of one, and which one to
use for your environment.
8.SwiftMailer对于各种transport使用的例子
\vendor\swiftmailer\swiftmailer\doc\sending.rst
require_once 'lib/swift_required.php';
// Create the Transport
$transport = Swift_SmtpTransport::newInstance('smtp.example.org', 25)
->setUsername('your username')
->setPassword('your password')
;
/*
You could alternatively use a different transport such as Sendmail or Mail:
// Sendmail
$transport = Swift_SendmailTransport::newInstance('/usr/sbin/sendmail -bs');
// Mail
$transport = Swift_MailTransport::newInstance();
*/
// Create the Mailer using your created Transport
$mailer = Swift_Mailer::newInstance($transport);
// Create a message
$message = Swift_Message::newInstance('Wonderful Subject')
->setFrom(array('[email protected]' => 'John Doe'))
->setTo(array('[email protected]', '[email protected]' => 'A name'))
->setBody('Here is the message itself')
;
// Send the message
$result = $mailer->send($message);