靶机搭建
推荐使用Windows
系统搭建,我最先使用docker pull c0ny1/upload-labs
的镜像在Pass-03
遇到问题,初步判断是该镜像内的php.conf
文件配置错误导致。
- 下载地址(https://github.com/c0ny1/uplo...)
-
Windows
系统下解压,第一次运行或者每次改变靶机环境的目录时,都要运行一下modify_path.bat
文件之后,再运行phpStudy.exe
启动环境。
靶机包含漏洞类型分类
判断上传漏洞类型的方法
闯关记录
Pass-01
提示与查看源码
本pass在客户端使用js对不合法图片进行检查!
function checkFile() {
var file = document.getElementsByName('upload_file')[0].value;
if (file == null || file == "") {
alert("请选择要上传的文件!");
return false;
}
//定义允许上传的文件类型
var allow_ext = ".jpg|.png|.gif";
//提取上传文件的类型
var ext_name = file.substring(file.lastIndexOf("."));
//判断上传文件类型是否允许上传
if (allow_ext.indexOf(ext_name + "|") == -1) {
var errMsg = "该文件不允许上传,请上传" + allow_ext + "类型的文件,当前文件类型为:" + ext_name;
alert(errMsg);
return false;
}
}
解题思路
前端校验上传文件的后缀名是否为.jpg|.png|.gif
,使用Burp Suite
抓包拦截数据包并修改上传文件的后缀名即可绕过前端的后缀名限制。
解题步骤
- 准备上传文件,文件内容为
将文件命名为info.jpg
- 浏览器设置代理使得
Burp Suite
可以抓包,Burp Suite
中的Proxy--intercept--intercept is on
,抓取数据包为:
修改数据包为info.jpg
为info.php
后放行;
- 访问上传文件的url后显示:
Pass-02
提示与查看源码
本pass在服务端对数据包的MIME进行检查!
$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {
if (($_FILES['upload_file']['type'] == 'image/jpeg') || ($_FILES['upload_file']['type'] == 'image/png') || ($_FILES['upload_file']['type'] == 'image/gif')) {
$temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
$img_path = UPLOAD_PATH . '/' . $_FILES['upload_file']['name']
if (move_uploaded_file($temp_file, $img_path)) {
$is_upload = true;
} else {
$msg = '上传出错!';
}
} else {
$msg = '文件类型不正确,请重新上传!';
}
} else {
$msg = UPLOAD_PATH.'文件夹不存在,请手工创建!';
}
}
解题思路
对文件MIME类型进行了验证判断,即请求数据中的Content-Type
为image/jpeg|image/png|image/gif
,在拦截请求包时修改该内容即可绕过上传限制。由于上传后文件后缀仍为php
,服务器仍将该上传文件以php
解析。
解题步骤
- 上传文件名为
info2.php
-
Burp Suite
抓包修改包内容为:
- 访问上传文件的url后显示:
Pass-03
提示与查看源码
本pass禁止上传.asp|.aspx|.php|.jsp后缀文件!
$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {
$deny_ext = array('.asp','.aspx','.php','.jsp');
$file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);
$file_name = deldot($file_name);//删除文件名末尾的点
$file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');
$file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写
$file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA
$file_ext = trim($file_ext); //收尾去空
if(!in_array($file_ext, $deny_ext)) {
$temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
$img_path = UPLOAD_PATH.'/'.date("YmdHis").rand(1000,9999).$file_ext;
if (move_uploaded_file($temp_file,$img_path)) {
$is_upload = true;
} else {
$msg = '上传出错!';
}
} else {
$msg = '不允许上传.asp,.aspx,.php,.jsp后缀文件!';
}
} else {
$msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建!';
}
}
解题思路
黑名单判断,服务器端禁止上传'.asp','.aspx','.php','.jsp'
后缀的脚本文件,可以上传例如php3, phtml
后缀的文件绕过,前提是配置文件(C:UsersxxxxxDesktopupload-labs-envApacheconfhttpd.conf)中有如下配置:
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php .php3 .phtml
服务器会将php3, phtml
后缀的文件当成php
解析。
解题步骤
- 修改上传文件的文件名为
info3.php3
- 上传后访问可见
phpinfo()
Pass-04
提示与查看源码
本pass禁止上传.php|.php5|.php4|.php3|.php2|php1|.html|.htm|.phtml|.pHp|.pHp5|.pHp4|.pHp3|.pHp2|pHp1|.Html|.Htm|.pHtml|.jsp|.jspa|.jspx|.jsw|.jsv|.jspf|.jtml|.jSp|.jSpx|.jSpa|.jSw|.jSv|.jSpf|.jHtml|.asp|.aspx|.asa|.asax|.ascx|.ashx|.asmx|.cer|.aSp|.aSpx|.aSa|.aSax|.aScx|.aShx|.aSmx|.cEr|.sWf|.swf后缀文件!
$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {
$deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2","php1",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pht",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2","pHp1",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf");
$file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);
$file_name = deldot($file_name);//删除文件名末尾的点
$file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');
$file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写
$file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA
$file_ext = trim($file_ext); //收尾去空
if (!in_array($file_ext, $deny_ext)) {
$temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
$img_path = UPLOAD_PATH.'/'.date("YmdHis").rand(1000,9999).$file_ext;
if (move_uploaded_file($temp_file, $img_path)) {
$is_upload = true;
} else {
$msg = '上传出错!';
}
} else {
$msg = '此文件不允许上传!';
}
} else {
$msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建!';
}
}
解题思路
依然是黑名单判断,不过这次的限制更多,但是没有包括.htaccess
,可以利用配合Apache的.htaccess文件上传解析漏洞。
.htaccess
.htaccess
文件是Apache服务器中的一个配置文件,它负责相关目录下的网页配置。通过.htaccess
文件,可以实现:网页301重定向、自定义404错误页面、改变文件扩展名、允许/阻止特定的用户或者目录的访问、禁止目录列表、配置默认文档等功能IIS平台上不存在该文件,该文件默认开启,启用和关闭在httpd.conf
文件中配置。
靶机中httpd.conf
相关配置:
# AllowOverride controls what directives may be placed in .htaccess files.
# It can be "All", "None", or any combination of the keywords:
# Options FileInfo AuthConfig Limit
#
AllowOverride All
造成了我们可以上传.htaccess
文件解析漏洞,来绕过验证进行上传WEBShell。
解题步骤
- 准备
1.htaccess
:
AddType application/x-httpd-php .jpg
使得服务器将所有.jpg
后缀的文件当做php
文件解析
- 上传
.htaccess
:
Burp Suite
抓包修改包内容为:
修改文件名为.htaccess
并放行数据包
- 上传文件
info4.jpg
:
- 查看文件:
Pass-05
提示与查看源码
本pass禁止上传.php|.php5|.php4|.php3|.php2|php1|.html|.htm|.phtml|.pHp|.pHp5|.pHp4|.pHp3|.pHp2|pHp1|.Html|.Htm|.pHtml|.jsp|.jspa|.jspx|.jsw|.jsv|.jspf|.jtml|.jSp|.jSpx|.jSpa|.jSw|.jSv|.jSpf|.jHtml|.asp|.aspx|.asa|.asax|.ascx|.ashx|.asmx|.cer|.aSp|.aSpx|.aSa|.aSax|.aScx|.aShx|.aSmx|.cEr|.sWf|.swf|.htaccess后缀文件!
$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {
$deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pht",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf",".htaccess");
$file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);
$file_name = deldot($file_name);//删除文件名末尾的点
$file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');
$file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA
$file_ext = trim($file_ext); //首尾去空
if (!in_array($file_ext, $deny_ext)) {
$temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
$img_path = UPLOAD_PATH.'/'.date("YmdHis").rand(1000,9999).$file_ext;
if (move_uploaded_file($temp_file, $img_path)) {
$is_upload = true;
} else {
$msg = '上传出错!';
}
} else {
$msg = '此文件类型不允许上传!';
}
} else {
$msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建!';
}
}
解题思路
黑名单判断加入.htaccess
,但是源代码中没有$file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写
这一行代码,可以使用大小写绕过。
解题步骤
上传文件名info5.PhP
Pass-06
提示与查看源码
本pass禁止上传.php|.php5|.php4|.php3|.php2|php1|.html|.htm|.phtml|.pHp|.pHp5|.pHp4|.pHp3|.pHp2|pHp1|.Html|.Htm|.pHtml|.jsp|.jspa|.jspx|.jsw|.jsv|.jspf|.jtml|.jSp|.jSpx|.jSpa|.jSw|.jSv|.jSpf|.jHtml|.asp|.aspx|.asa|.asax|.ascx|.ashx|.asmx|.cer|.aSp|.aSpx|.aSa|.aSax|.aScx|.aShx|.aSmx|.cEr|.sWf|.swf后缀文件!
$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {
$deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pht",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf",".htaccess");
$file_name = $_FILES['upload_file']['name'];
$file_name = deldot($file_name);//删除文件名末尾的点
$file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');
$file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写
$file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA
if (!in_array($file_ext, $deny_ext)) {
$temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
$img_path = UPLOAD_PATH.'/'.date("YmdHis").rand(1000,9999).$file_ext;
if (move_uploaded_file($temp_file,$img_path)) {
$is_upload = true;
} else {
$msg = '上传出错!';
}
} else {
$msg = '此文件不允许上传';
}
} else {
$msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建!';
}
}
解题思路
源代码缺少$file_ext = trim($file_ext); //收尾去空
,可以文件名后缀增加空格绕过
解题步骤
上传文件名info6.php
Pass-07
提示与查看源码
本pass禁止上传所有可以解析的后缀!
$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {
$deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pht",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf",".htaccess");
$file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);
$file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');
$file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写
$file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA
$file_ext = trim($file_ext); //首尾去空
if (!in_array($file_ext, $deny_ext)) {
$temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
$img_path = UPLOAD_PATH.'/'.$file_name;
if (move_uploaded_file($temp_file, $img_path)) {
$is_upload = true;
} else {
$msg = '上传出错!';
}
} else {
$msg = '此文件类型不允许上传!';
}
} else {
$msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建!';
}
}
解题思路
源代码缺少$file_name = deldot($file_name);//删除文件名末尾的点
限制,可以文件名后缀增加.
绕过,windows系统下会自动去掉后缀名中最后的.
解题步骤
上传文件名info7.php.
Pass-08
提示与查看源码
本pass禁止上传.php|.php5|.php4|.php3|.php2|php1|.html|.htm|.phtml|.pHp|.pHp5|.pHp4|.pHp3|.pHp2|pHp1|.Html|.Htm|.pHtml|.jsp|.jspa|.jspx|.jsw|.jsv|.jspf|.jtml|.jSp|.jSpx|.jSpa|.jSw|.jSv|.jSpf|.jHtml|.asp|.aspx|.asa|.asax|.ascx|.ashx|.asmx|.cer|.aSp|.aSpx|.aSa|.aSax|.aScx|.aShx|.aSmx|.cEr|.sWf|.swf|.htaccess后缀文件!
$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {
$deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pht",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf",".htaccess");
$file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);
$file_name = deldot($file_name);//删除文件名末尾的点
$file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');
$file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写
$file_ext = trim($file_ext); //首尾去空
if (!in_array($file_ext, $deny_ext)) {
$temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
$img_path = UPLOAD_PATH.'/'.date("YmdHis").rand(1000,9999).$file_ext;
if (move_uploaded_file($temp_file, $img_path)) {
$is_upload = true;
} else {
$msg = '上传出错!';
}
} else {
$msg = '此文件类型不允许上传!';
}
} else {
$msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建!';
}
}
解题思路
源代码缺少 $file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA
限制,可以文件名后缀增加::$DATA
绕过
- Windows下NTFS文件系统的一个特性,即NTFS文件系统的存储数据流的一个属性 DATA 时,就是请求
a.asp
本身的数据,如果a.asp 还包含了其他的数据流,比如a.asp:lake2.asp
,请求a.asp:lake2.asp::$DATA
,则是请求a.asp
中的流数据lake2.asp
的流数据内容。
NTFS文件流实际应用
- NTFS文件系统包括对备用数据流的支持。这不是众所周知的功能,主要包括提供与Macintosh文件系统中的文件的兼容性。备用数据流允许文件包含多个数据流。每个文件至少有一个数据流。在Windows中,此默认数据流称为:
$DATA
。
解题步骤
上传文件名info8.php::$DATA
,访问时去除后缀
Pass-09
提示与查看源码
本pass只允许上传.jpg|.png|.gif后缀的文件!
$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {
$deny_ext = array(".php",".php5",".php4",".php3",".php2",".html",".htm",".phtml",".pht",".pHp",".pHp5",".pHp4",".pHp3",".pHp2",".Html",".Htm",".pHtml",".jsp",".jspa",".jspx",".jsw",".jsv",".jspf",".jtml",".jSp",".jSpx",".jSpa",".jSw",".jSv",".jSpf",".jHtml",".asp",".aspx",".asa",".asax",".ascx",".ashx",".asmx",".cer",".aSp",".aSpx",".aSa",".aSax",".aScx",".aShx",".aSmx",".cEr",".sWf",".swf",".htaccess");
$file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);
$file_name = deldot($file_name);//删除文件名末尾的点
$file_ext = strrchr($file_name, '.');
$file_ext = strtolower($file_ext); //转换为小写
$file_ext = str_ireplace('::$DATA', '', $file_ext);//去除字符串::$DATA
$file_ext = trim($file_ext); //首尾去空
if (!in_array($file_ext, $deny_ext)) {
$temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
$img_path = UPLOAD_PATH.'/'.$file_name;
if (move_uploaded_file($temp_file, $img_path)) {
$is_upload = true;
} else {
$msg = '上传出错!';
}
} else {
$msg = '此文件类型不允许上传!';
}
} else {
$msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建!';
}
}
解题思路
由$img_path = UPLOAD_PATH.'/'.$file_name;
得上传后文件的URL命名规则是由$file_name
直接拼接而成
解题步骤
上传文件名info9.php. .
Pass-10
提示与查看源码
本pass会从文件名中去除.php|.php5|.php4|.php3|.php2|php1|.html|.htm|.phtml|.pHp|.pHp5|.pHp4|.pHp3|.pHp2|pHp1|.Html|.Htm|.pHtml|.jsp|.jspa|.jspx|.jsw|.jsv|.jspf|.jtml|.jSp|.jSpx|.jSpa|.jSw|.jSv|.jSpf|.jHtml|.asp|.aspx|.asa|.asax|.ascx|.ashx|.asmx|.cer|.aSp|.aSpx|.aSa|.aSax|.aScx|.aShx|.aSmx|.cEr|.sWf|.swf|.htaccess字符!
$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {
$deny_ext = array("php","php5","php4","php3","php2","html","htm","phtml","pht","jsp","jspa","jspx","jsw","jsv","jspf","jtml","asp","aspx","asa","asax","ascx","ashx","asmx","cer","swf","htaccess");
$file_name = trim($_FILES['upload_file']['name']);
$file_name = str_ireplace($deny_ext,"", $file_name);
$temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
$img_path = UPLOAD_PATH.'/'.$file_name;
if (move_uploaded_file($temp_file, $img_path)) {
$is_upload = true;
} else {
$msg = '上传出错!';
}
} else {
$msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建!';
}
}
解题思路
-
$file_name = str_ireplace($deny_ext,"", $file_name);
只对文件后缀名进行一次过滤,双写文件名绕过。
解题步骤
上传文件名改成info10.pphphp
Pass-11
提示与查看源码
本pass上传路径可控!
$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if(isset($_POST['submit'])){
$ext_arr = array('jpg','png','gif');
$file_ext = substr($_FILES['upload_file']['name'],strrpos($_FILES['upload_file']['name'],".")+1);
if(in_array($file_ext,$ext_arr)){
$temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
$img_path = $_GET['save_path']."/".rand(10, 99).date("YmdHis").".".$file_ext;
if(move_uploaded_file($temp_file,$img_path)){
$is_upload = true;
} else {
$msg = '上传出错!';
}
} else{
$msg = "只允许上传.jpg|.png|.gif类型文件!";
}
}
解题思路
- 服务器端上传文件名的后缀做了限制
-
$img_path = $_GET['save_path']."/".rand(10, 99).date("YmdHis").".".$file_ext;
可知上传路径命名规则使用用户get
请求的save_path
值拼接而成。 - 考虑使用上传路径名
%00
截断绕过,不过这需要对文件有足够的权限,比如说创建文件夹,上传的文件名写成1.jpg
,save_path
改成../upload/1.php%00
,最后保存下来的文件就是1.php
解题步骤
- 修改
save_path
值为../upload/info11.php%00
上传图片文件:
- 访问
http://192.168.30.212//upload/info11.php
:
Pass-12
提示与查看源码
本pass上传路径可控!
$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if(isset($_POST['submit'])){
$ext_arr = array('jpg','png','gif');
$file_ext = substr($_FILES['upload_file']['name'],strrpos($_FILES['upload_file']['name'],".")+1);
if(in_array($file_ext,$ext_arr)){
$temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
$img_path = $_POST['save_path']."/".rand(10, 99).date("YmdHis").".".$file_ext;
if(move_uploaded_file($temp_file,$img_path)){
$is_upload = true;
} else {
$msg = "上传失败";
}
} else {
$msg = "只允许上传.jpg|.png|.gif类型文件!";
}
}
解题思路
-
$img_path = $_POST['save_path']."/".rand(10, 99).date("YmdHis").".".$file_ext;
和Pass-11
相比将GET
换为了POST
,思路相同 - 这次的
save_path
是通过post
传进来的,在进行00
截断时需要在hex
中修改
解题步骤
- 修改
post
参数的值,这里在php的后面添加了一个空格和字母a,其实写什么都可以,只是一般空格的16进制为0x20,比较好记,加个a好找到空格的位置,如果写个任意字符,再去查他的16进制表示也可以:
- 打开hex,修改16进制内容:
修改前
修改后
- 访问上传文件:
路径:
访问http://192.168.30.212/upload/info12.php
:
00
截断原理
原理
系统在对文件名按16进制读取文件(或者说二进制)时,如果遇到0x00
(ascii
码为零),就会认为读取已结束。所以本来上传的info12.jpg
文件名就被替换为info12.php
。
%00
与0x00
截断
原理一样,只是在Pass-11
中为GET
方式,服务器在进行URL解码时将其解码成0x00
,Pass-12
中为POST
方式,没有URL解码这一步骤,所以要在hex值中修改,形成0x00
截断。
Pass-13
提示与查看源码
本pass检查图标内容开头2个字节!
function getReailFileType($filename){
$file = fopen($filename, "rb");
$bin = fread($file, 2); //只读2字节
fclose($file);
$strInfo = @unpack("C2chars", $bin);
$typeCode = intval($strInfo['chars1'].$strInfo['chars2']);
$fileType = '';
switch($typeCode){
case 255216:
$fileType = 'jpg';
break;
case 13780:
$fileType = 'png';
break;
case 7173:
$fileType = 'gif';
break;
default:
$fileType = 'unknown';
}
return $fileType;
}
$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if(isset($_POST['submit'])){
$temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
$file_type = getReailFileType($temp_file);
if($file_type == 'unknown'){
$msg = "文件未知,上传失败!";
}else{
$img_path = UPLOAD_PATH."/".rand(10, 99).date("YmdHis").".".$file_type;
if(move_uploaded_file($temp_file,$img_path)){
$is_upload = true;
} else {
$msg = "上传出错!";
}
}
}
解题思路
- 服务端检测文件头,并将上传文件的后缀重命名为检测到的文件类型
- 关于服务端检测文件头,我们可以在文件起始加入
jpg|png|gif
文件的文件头来绕过
十进制转十六进制:gif
为47 49 ,png
为89 50,jpg
为ff d8
- 关于文件上传后被重命名为图片文件,不能当做
php
解析,我们可以利用文件包含漏洞
解题步骤
gif
-
gif
文件头为GIF89a
,上传文件info13.php
:
GIF89a
- 利用文件包含漏洞访问上传文件,
http://10.0.0.108/include.php?file=./upload/8820190612142038.gif
png
- 文件头标识 (8 bytes) 89 50 4e 47 0d 0a 1a 0a
- 利用文件包含漏洞访问上传文件
jpg
- 文件头标识 (2 bytes): ff, d8
- 利用文件包含漏洞访问上传文件
Pass-14
提示与查看源码
本pass使用getimagesize()检查是否为图片文件!
function isImage($filename){
$types = '.jpeg|.png|.gif';
if(file_exists($filename)){
$info = getimagesize($filename);
$ext = image_type_to_extension($info[2]);
if(stripos($types,$ext)>=0){
return $ext;
}else{
return false;
}
}else{
return false;
}
}
$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if(isset($_POST['submit'])){
$temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
$res = isImage($temp_file);
if(!$res){
$msg = "文件未知,上传失败!";
}else{
$img_path = UPLOAD_PATH."/".rand(10, 99).date("YmdHis").$res;
if(move_uploaded_file($temp_file,$img_path)){
$is_upload = true;
} else {
$msg = "上传出错!";
}
}
}
解题思路
- 这里使用
getimagesize()
检查是否为图片文件:
getimagesize()
函数用于获取图像大小及相关信息,成功返回一个数组,失败则返回FALSE
并产生一条E_WARNING
级的错误信息。
示例:
返回结果:
Array
(
[0] => 350
[1] => 318
[2] => 2
[3] => width="350" height="318"
[bits] => 8
[channels] => 3
[mime] => image/jpeg
)
我们用到了索引[2],给出的是图像的类型,返回的是数字,其中1 = GIF,2 = JPG,3 = PNG,4 = SWF,5 = PSD,6 = BMP,7 = TIFF(intel byte order),8 = TIFF(motorola byte order),9 = JPC,10 = JP2,11 = JPX,12 = JB2,13 = SWC,14 = IFF,15 = WBMP,16 = XBM
- 与上一题解题思路一致,修改文件头绕过,但是本题的验证不只是文件头的前两位。
解题步骤
gif
文件头:GIF89a
png
文件头hex:89 50 4e 47 0d 0a 1a 0a
jpg
- 上传正常jpg图片,抓包修改包内容,文件末尾加入
- 利用文件包含漏洞访问上传文件:
- 初次尝试出错:
猜测可能是文件内容有干扰PHP解析的数据出现,后删除部分内容上传后成功
Pass-16
提示与查看源码
本pass使用exif_imagetype()检查是否为图片文件!
function isImage($filename){
//需要开启php_exif模块
$image_type = exif_imagetype($filename);
switch ($image_type) {
case IMAGETYPE_GIF:
return "gif";
break;
case IMAGETYPE_JPEG:
return "jpg";
break;
case IMAGETYPE_PNG:
return "png";
break;
default:
return false;
break;
}
}
$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if(isset($_POST['submit'])){
$temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
$res = isImage($temp_file);
if(!$res){
$msg = "文件未知,上传失败!";
}else{
$img_path = UPLOAD_PATH."/".rand(10, 99).date("YmdHis").".".$res;
if(move_uploaded_file($temp_file,$img_path)){
$is_upload = true;
} else {
$msg = "上传出错!";
}
}
}
解题思路
-
exif_imagetype()
函数是php内置函数,用来获取图片类型,思路同上题,文件头绕过
解题步骤
同Pass-16
Pass-16
提示与查看源码
本pass重新渲染了图片!
$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])){
// 获得上传文件的基本信息,文件名,类型,大小,临时文件路径
$filename = $_FILES['upload_file']['name'];
$filetype = $_FILES['upload_file']['type'];
$tmpname = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
$target_path=UPLOAD_PATH.'/'.basename($filename);
// 获得上传文件的扩展名
$fileext= substr(strrchr($filename,"."),1);
//判断文件后缀与类型,合法才进行上传操作
if(($fileext == "jpg") && ($filetype=="image/jpeg")){
if(move_uploaded_file($tmpname,$target_path)){
//使用上传的图片生成新的图片
$im = imagecreatefromjpeg($target_path);
if($im == false){
$msg = "该文件不是jpg格式的图片!";
@unlink($target_path);
}else{
//给新图片指定文件名
srand(time());
$newfilename = strval(rand()).".jpg";
//显示二次渲染后的图片(使用用户上传图片生成的新图片)
$img_path = UPLOAD_PATH.'/'.$newfilename;
imagejpeg($im,$img_path);
@unlink($target_path);
$is_upload = true;
}
} else {
$msg = "上传出错!";
}
}else if(($fileext == "png") && ($filetype=="image/png")){
if(move_uploaded_file($tmpname,$target_path)){
//使用上传的图片生成新的图片
$im = imagecreatefrompng($target_path);
if($im == false){
$msg = "该文件不是png格式的图片!";
@unlink($target_path);
}else{
//给新图片指定文件名
srand(time());
$newfilename = strval(rand()).".png";
//显示二次渲染后的图片(使用用户上传图片生成的新图片)
$img_path = UPLOAD_PATH.'/'.$newfilename;
imagepng($im,$img_path);
@unlink($target_path);
$is_upload = true;
}
} else {
$msg = "上传出错!";
}
}else if(($fileext == "gif") && ($filetype=="image/gif")){
if(move_uploaded_file($tmpname,$target_path)){
//使用上传的图片生成新的图片
$im = imagecreatefromgif($target_path);
if($im == false){
$msg = "该文件不是gif格式的图片!";
@unlink($target_path);
}else{
//给新图片指定文件名
srand(time());
$newfilename = strval(rand()).".gif";
//显示二次渲染后的图片(使用用户上传图片生成的新图片)
$img_path = UPLOAD_PATH.'/'.$newfilename;
imagegif($im,$img_path);
@unlink($target_path);
$is_upload = true;
}
} else {
$msg = "上传出错!";
}
}else{
$msg = "只允许上传后缀为.jpg|.png|.gif的图片文件!";
}
}
解题思路
- 程序通过
imagecreatefromjpeg()
函数调用了PHP GD库(GD库,是php处理图形的扩展库),对图片进行了转换。 - 将一个正常显示的图片,上传到服务器。下载被渲染后与原始图片对比,在仍然相同的数据块部分内部插入Webshell代码,然后上传。
- 特殊的上传技巧,绕过PHP图片转换实现远程代码执行
- 大佬解题:https://xz.aliyun.com/t/2657
解题步骤
http://www.secgeek.net/POC/PO...
使用链接中的图片上传
Pass-17
提示与查看源码
需要代码审计!
$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if(isset($_POST['submit'])){
$ext_arr = array('jpg','png','gif');
$file_name = $_FILES['upload_file']['name'];
$temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
$file_ext = substr($file_name,strrpos($file_name,".")+1);
$upload_file = UPLOAD_PATH . '/' . $file_name;
if(move_uploaded_file($temp_file, $upload_file)){
if(in_array($file_ext,$ext_arr)){
$img_path = UPLOAD_PATH . '/'. rand(10, 99).date("YmdHis").".".$file_ext;
rename($upload_file, $img_path);
$is_upload = true;
}else{
$msg = "只允许上传.jpg|.png|.gif类型文件!";
unlink($upload_file);
}
}else{
$msg = '上传出错!';
}
}
解题思路
-
unlink()
函数删除文件。 - 这里先将文件保存在服务器中,再判断后缀名,若后缀名不合法则删除文件
- 通过条件竞争的方式在
unlink
之前,访问上传文件。
- 利用条件竞争删除文件时间差绕过。
解题步骤
- burp suite抓上传
info17.php
文件的数据包,进行大量重放
Intruder设置:
- 然后不断在浏览器中访问,发现通过竞争可以访问到上传文件:
Pass-18
提示与查看源码
需要代码审计!
//index.php
$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit']))
{
require_once("./myupload.php");
$imgFileName =time();
$u = new MyUpload($_FILES['upload_file']['name'], $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'], $_FILES['upload_file']['size'],$imgFileName);
$status_code = $u->upload(UPLOAD_PATH);
switch ($status_code) {
case 1:
$is_upload = true;
$img_path = $u->cls_upload_dir . $u->cls_file_rename_to;
break;
case 2:
$msg = '文件已经被上传,但没有重命名。';
break;
case -1:
$msg = '这个文件不能上传到服务器的临时文件存储目录。';
break;
case -2:
$msg = '上传失败,上传目录不可写。';
break;
case -3:
$msg = '上传失败,无法上传该类型文件。';
break;
case -4:
$msg = '上传失败,上传的文件过大。';
break;
case -5:
$msg = '上传失败,服务器已经存在相同名称文件。';
break;
case -6:
$msg = '文件无法上传,文件不能复制到目标目录。';
break;
default:
$msg = '未知错误!';
break;
}
}
//myupload.php
class MyUpload{
......
......
......
var $cls_arr_ext_accepted = array(
".doc", ".xls", ".txt", ".pdf", ".gif", ".jpg", ".zip", ".rar", ".7z",".ppt",
".html", ".xml", ".tiff", ".jpeg", ".png" );
......
......
......
/** upload()
**
** Method to upload the file.
** This is the only method to call outside the class.
** @para String name of directory we upload to
** @returns void
**/
function upload( $dir ){
$ret = $this->isUploadedFile();
if( $ret != 1 ){
return $this->resultUpload( $ret );
}
$ret = $this->setDir( $dir );
if( $ret != 1 ){
return $this->resultUpload( $ret );
}
$ret = $this->checkExtension();
if( $ret != 1 ){
return $this->resultUpload( $ret );
}
$ret = $this->checkSize();
if( $ret != 1 ){
return $this->resultUpload( $ret );
}
// if flag to check if the file exists is set to 1
if( $this->cls_file_exists == 1 ){
$ret = $this->checkFileExists();
if( $ret != 1 ){
return $this->resultUpload( $ret );
}
}
// if we are here, we are ready to move the file to destination
$ret = $this->move();
if( $ret != 1 ){
return $this->resultUpload( $ret );
}
// check if we need to rename the file
if( $this->cls_rename_file == 1 ){
$ret = $this->renameFile();
if( $ret != 1 ){
return $this->resultUpload( $ret );
}
}
// if we are here, everything worked as planned :)
return $this->resultUpload( "SUCCESS" );
}
......
......
......
};
网页上显示的代码并不全!!!需要去WWW
文件夹中查看
解题思路
- 对文件后缀名做了白名单判断,然后检查文件大小、文件是否存在等等。
- 将文件上传后,对文件重新命名,同样存在条件竞争的漏洞。
function renameFile(){
// if no new name was provided, we use
if( $this->cls_file_rename_to == '' ){
$allchar = "abcdefghijklnmopqrstuvwxyz" ;
$this->cls_file_rename_to = "" ;
mt_srand (( double) microtime() * 1000000 );
for ( $i = 0; $i<8 ; $i++ ){
$this->cls_file_rename_to .= substr( $allchar, mt_rand (0,25), 1 ) ;
}
}
// Remove the extension and put it back on the new file name
$extension = strrchr( $this->cls_filename, "." );
$this->cls_file_rename_to .= $extension;
if( !rename( $this->cls_upload_dir . $this->cls_filename, $this->cls_upload_dir . $this->cls_file_rename_to )){
return "RENAME_FAILURE";
} else {
return 1;
}
}
初始文件命名规则$this->cls_upload_dir . $this->cls_filename
,重命名规则$this->cls_upload_dir . $this->cls_file_rename_to
,当大量文件需要被重命名时就会出现条件竞争
- move在rename之前,move操作进行了一次文件保存, 然后rename进行了一次更改文件名。
- 利用burp不间断地发送上传图片马的数据包,由于条件竞争,程序会出现来不及rename的问题,从而上传成功。
- 查看配置
mime.types
,这里记录着可被Apache
服务器所识别的文件属性:
#application/x-7z-compressed 7z
7z
后缀并不被Apache
服务器所识别,却在上传文件名后缀的白名单中,可以利用Apache的解析漏洞
将上传的7z
后缀文件当做php
文件解析。
Apache的解析漏洞
Apache
服务器在解析多后缀文件名的文件时,会从后往前辨别后缀,一直辨别到可以解析的后缀。
解题步骤
- 不停发包方法同上题
- 观察文件夹中上传文件夹的名字:
- 也可根据源代码中的命名规则不停地访问文件,直到返回结果:
Pass-19
提示与查看源码
本pass的取文件名通过$_POST来获取。
$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
if (file_exists(UPLOAD_PATH)) {
$deny_ext = array("php","php5","php4","php3","php2","html","htm","phtml","pht","jsp","jspa","jspx","jsw","jsv","jspf","jtml","asp","aspx","asa","asax","ascx","ashx","asmx","cer","swf","htaccess");
$file_name = $_POST['save_name'];
$file_ext = pathinfo($file_name,PATHINFO_EXTENSION);
if(!in_array($file_ext,$deny_ext)) {
$temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
$img_path = UPLOAD_PATH . '/' .$file_name;
if (move_uploaded_file($temp_file, $img_path)) {
$is_upload = true;
}else{
$msg = '上传出错!';
}
}else{
$msg = '禁止保存为该类型文件!';
}
} else {
$msg = UPLOAD_PATH . '文件夹不存在,请手工创建!';
}
}
解题思路
- 黑名单策略,文件名用户可控,文件命名
upload-19.php.
绕过
解题步骤
Pass-20
提示与查看源码
Pass-20来源于CTF,请审计代码!
$is_upload = false;
$msg = null;
if(!empty($_FILES['upload_file'])){
//检查MIME
$allow_type = array('image/jpeg','image/png','image/gif');
if(!in_array($_FILES['upload_file']['type'],$allow_type)){
$msg = "禁止上传该类型文件!";
}else{
//检查文件名
$file = empty($_POST['save_name']) ? $_FILES['upload_file']['name'] : $_POST['save_name'];
if (!is_array($file)) {
$file = explode('.', strtolower($file));
}
$ext = end($file);
$allow_suffix = array('jpg','png','gif');
if (!in_array($ext, $allow_suffix)) {
$msg = "禁止上传该后缀文件!";
}else{
$file_name = reset($file) . '.' . $file[count($file) - 1];
$temp_file = $_FILES['upload_file']['tmp_name'];
$img_path = UPLOAD_PATH . '/' .$file_name;
if (move_uploaded_file($temp_file, $img_path)) {
$msg = "文件上传成功!";
$is_upload = true;
} else {
$msg = "文件上传失败!";
}
}
}
}else{
$msg = "请选择要上传的文件!";
}
解题思路
- 文件命名规则:
$file_name = reset($file) . '.' . $file[count($file) - 1];
-
reset()
:将内部指针指向数组中的第一个元素,并输出。 -
end()
:将内部指针指向数组中的最后一个元素,并输出。 -
$file = empty($_POST['save_name']) ? $_FILES['upload_file']['name'] : $_POST['save_name'];
如果save_name
不为空则file
为save_name
,否则file
为filename
-
if (!is_array($file))
判断如果file
不是数组则以'.'分组 - 文件名命名规则
$file_name = reset($file) . '.' . $file[count($file) - 1];
- 我们
POST
传入一个save_name
列表:['info20.php', '', 'jpg']
,此时empty($_POST['save_name'])
为假则file
为save_name
,所以由$ext = end($file);
为jpg
可以通过后缀名判断(判断结束后最后一个元素jpg
弹出),并且最终文件名组装为upload20.php.
解题步骤
- 上传包数据为:
- 访问: