一、es特性
二、使用命令
查看集群健康状况
curl 127.0.0.1:9200/_cat/health?v
列出所有node节点
curl 127.0.0.1:9200/_cat/nodes?v
查看索引信息
curl 127.0.0.1:9200/_cat/indices?v
创建索引
curl -X PUT 127.0.0.1:9200/customer?pretty
添加文档
curl -X PUT "localhost:9200/customer/_doc/1?pretty&pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"name": "John Doe"
}
检索索引的文档
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/customer/_doc/1?pretty&pretty"
删除索引
curl -X DELETE "localhost:9200/customer?pretty"
更新文档
curl -X PUT "localhost:9200/customer/_doc/1?pretty&pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"name": "John Doe"
}'
索引一个新文档
curl -X PUT "localhost:9200/customer/_doc/2?pretty&pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"name": "Jane Doe"
}'
索引一个没有显式id的文档
curl -X POST "localhost:9200/customer/_doc?pretty&pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"name": "Jane Doe"
}'
更新文档
curl -X POST "localhost:9200/customer/_update/1?pretty&pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"doc": { "name": "Jane Doe" }
}'
更新文档并添加字段
curl -X POST "localhost:9200/customer/_update/1?pretty&pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"doc": { "name": "Jane Doe", "age": 20 }
}'
使用脚本执行更新年龄到25岁
curl -X POST "localhost:9200/customer/_update/1?pretty&pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"script" : "ctx._source.age += 5"
}'
查看文档
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/customer/_doc/2?pretty"
删除文档
curl -X DELETE "localhost:9200/customer/_doc/2?pretty&pretty"
批量创建文档
curl -X POST "localhost:9200/customer/_bulk?pretty&pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{"index":{"_id":"1"}}
{"name": "John Doe" }
{"index":{"_id":"2"}}
{"name": "Jane Doe" }'
更新第一个文档并删除第二个文档
curl -X POST "localhost:9200/customer/_bulk?pretty&pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{"update":{"_id":"1"}}
{"doc": { "name": "John Doe becomes Jane Doe" } }
{"delete":{"_id":"2"}}'
搜索文档 "*"参数匹配索引中的所有文档, account_number按照文档的这个字段升序排列
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search?q=*&sort=account_number:asc&pretty&pretty"
注意命中的准确性由请求参数track_total_hits控制，当设置为true时，请求将精确地跟踪总命中(“relationship”:“eq”)。默认值为10,000，这意味着总命中数可以精确地跟踪到10,000个文档。通过显式地将track_total_hits设置为true，可以强制进行准确的计数。有关详细信息，请参阅请求主体文档
同一效果一样,用json风格查询请求体
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"query": { "match_all": {} },
"sort": [
{ "account_number": "asc" }
]
}'
三、DSL查询语言
1.
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"query": { "match_all": {} }
}
'
2.
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"query": { "match_all": {} },
"size": 1
}
'
size: 返回文档数
3.返回第10到第19个文档
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"query": { "match_all": {} },
"from": 10,
"size": 10
}
'
from:从哪个索引文档开始,默认为0
4. 降序排列并返回前10个文档
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"query": { "match_all": {} },
"sort": { "balance": { "order": "desc" } }
}
'
5.默认返回搜索文档的所有字段，可以指定返回字段
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"query": { "match_all": {} },
"_source": ["account_number", "balance"]
}
'
只返回["account_number", "balance"]字段
6.match匹配查询
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"query": { "match": { "account_number": 20 } }
}
'
只返回account_number是20的文档
7.匹配address包含"mill"的文档,不区分大小写
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"query": { "match": { "address": "mill" } }
}
'
8.返回address 包含"mill" 或者"lane"的文档
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"query": { "match": { "address": "mill lane" } }
}
'
9.match的变体,返回address包含"mill lane"字段的文档
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"query": { "match_phrase": { "address": "mill lane" } }
}
'
10.bool查询返回匹配到{ "match": { "address": "mill" } },和{ "match": { "address": "lane" } }的文档,must指定必须同时满足
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"must": [
{ "match": { "address": "mill" } },
{ "match": { "address": "lane" } }
]
}
}
}
'
11.bool或查询满足{ "match": { "address": "mill" } },或{ "match": { "address": "lane" } }的文档，should指定满足其中一个条件即可
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"should": [
{ "match": { "address": "mill" } },
{ "match": { "address": "lane" } }
]
}
}
}'
12,bool反向查询 查询既不满足{ "match": { "address": "mill" } },也不满足{ "match": { "address": "lane" } }的文档，must_not跟mast相反
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"must_not": [
{ "match": { "address": "mill" } },
{ "match": { "address": "lane" } }
]
}
}
}
'
13.bool联合查询,must,must_not同时使用
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"must": [
{ "match": { "age": "40" } }
],
"must_not": [
{ "match": { "state": "ID" } }
]
}
}
}
'
_score字段值越大，查询的文档越相关
四、filter过滤
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"must": { "match_all": {} },
"filter": {
"range": {
"balance": {
"gte": 20000,
"lte": 30000
}
}
}
}
}
}
五、聚合查询
1.按状态对所有账户分组，然后返回按count降序排列的前10个(默认)状态(也是默认)
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"size": 0,
"aggs": {
"group_by_state": {
"terms": {
"field": "state.keyword"
}
}
}
}
'
相当于sql语句：
SELECT state, COUNT(*) FROM bank GROUP BY state ORDER BY COUNT(*) DESC LIMIT 10;
注意：将size=0设置为不显示搜索结果，因为我们只想看到响应中的聚合结果,group_by_state以state字段聚合
2.聚合求平均值
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"size": 0,
"aggs": {
"group_by_state": {
"terms": {
"field": "state.keyword"
},
"aggs": {
"average_balance": {
"avg": {
"field": "balance"
}
}
}
}
}
}
'
本示例按状态计算平均帐户余额(同样只针对按count降序排列的前10个状态)
3.平均值降序聚合
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"size": 0,
"aggs": {
"group_by_state": {
"terms": {
"field": "state.keyword",
"order": {
"average_balance": "desc"
}
},
"aggs": {
"average_balance": {
"avg": {
"field": "balance"
}
}
}
}
}
}
'
4.多个聚合一起使用
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"size": 0,
"aggs": {
"group_by_age": {
"range": {
"field": "age",
"ranges": [
{
"from": 20,
"to": 30
},
{
"from": 30,
"to": 40
},
{
"from": 40,
"to": 50
}
]
},
"aggs": {
"group_by_gender": {
"terms": {
"field": "gender.keyword"
},
"aggs": {
"average_balance": {
"avg": {
"field": "balance"
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
'
这个例子展示了我们如何按照年龄等级(20-29岁，30-39岁，40-49岁)分组，然后按性别分组，最后得到每个年龄等级，每个性别的平均账户余额