k8s v1.13 集群部署

k8s v1.13 集群部署

规划

192.168.100.100  master.hequan.lol  master
192.168.100.101  node01.hequan.lol  node01
192.168.100.102  node02.hequan.lol  node02

准备工作

systemctl stop firewalld && systemctl disable firewalld
setenforce 0
vi /etc/selinux/config
SELINUX=disabled

vim /etc/hosts
192.168.100.100  master.hequan.lol  master
192.168.100.101  node01.hequan.lol  node01
192.168.100.102  node02.hequan.lol  node02

swapoff -a && sysctl -w vm.swappiness=0
vi /etc/fstab
#UUID=7bff6243-324c-4587-b550-55dc34018ebf swap                    swap    defaults        0 0

cat << EOF | tee /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
EOF
sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf

mkdir  /data/docker
sudo yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

sudo yum makecache fast
sudo yum -y install docker-ce

docker version
systemctl enable docker.service    
systemctl start docker.service

sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker
sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
{"registry-mirrors": ["https://890km4uy.mirror.aliyuncs.com"],"graph": "/data/docker"}
EOF
sudo systemctl daemon-reload

sudo systemctl restart docker

etcd: 参考我的这篇博客  https://blog.51cto.com/hequan/2327820
flanneld:  参考我的这篇博客 https://blog.51cto.com/hequan/2327822

在Master部署组件

生成证书

mkdir /data/ssl/k8s
cd /data/ssl/k8s

vim  k8s-ssl.sh
# cat ca-config.json
cat > ca-config.json << EOF
{
  "signing": {
    "default": {
      "expiry": "87600h"
    },
    "profiles": {
      "kubernetes": {
         "expiry": "87600h",
         "usages": [
            "signing",
            "key encipherment",
            "server auth",
            "client auth"
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}
EOF

# cat ca-csr.json
cat > ca-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "kubernetes",
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "Beijing",
            "ST": "Beijing",
            "O": "k8s",
            "OU": "System"
        }
    ]
}
EOF
cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -

# server-csr.json
cat > server-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "kubernetes",
    "hosts": [
      "10.0.0.1",
      "127.0.0.1",
      "192.168.100.100",
      "kubernetes",
      "kubernetes.default",
      "kubernetes.default.svc",
      "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster",
      "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local"
    ],
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "BeiJing",
            "ST": "BeiJing",
            "O": "k8s",
            "OU": "System"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server

# cat kube-proxy-csr.json
cat > kube-proxy-csr.json << EOF
{
  "CN": "system:kube-proxy",
  "hosts": [],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "L": "BeiJing",
      "ST": "BeiJing",
      "O": "k8s",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}
EOF

cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-proxy-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-proxy

sh k8s-ssl.sh

ls *pem
ca-key.pem  ca.pem  kube-proxy-key.pem  kube-proxy.pem  server-key.pem  server.pem

cp /data/ssl/k8s/*pem /opt/kubernetes/ssl/

apiserver

https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/CHANGELOG-1.13.md

cd /data/src
kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz

tar xf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
cd kubernetes/server/bin/
cp kube-apiserver kube-scheduler kube-controller-manager kubectl /opt/kubernetes/bin

vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv
MnCwST4J8KAn7qLkMnklR8LytumEBb,kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:kubelet-bootstrap"
第一列：随机字符串，自己可生成  可用 head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' ' 生成
第二列：用户名
第三列：UID
第四列：用户组

vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver
KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS="--logtostderr=true \
--v=4 \
--etcd-servers=https://192.168.100.100:2379,https://192.168.100.101:2379,https://192.168.100.102:2379 \
--bind-address=192.168.100.100 \
--secure-port=6443 \
--advertise-address=192.168.100.100 \
--allow-privileged=true \
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \
--enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,SecurityContextDeny,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota,NodeRestriction \
--authorization-mode=RBAC,Node \
--enable-bootstrap-token-auth \
--token-auth-file=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv \
--service-node-port-range=30000-50000 \
--tls-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem  \
--tls-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \
--client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--service-account-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
--etcd-cafile=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
--etcd-certfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
--etcd-keyfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem"

* --logtostderr 启用日志
* ---v 日志等级
* --etcd-servers etcd集群地址
* --bind-address 监听地址
* --secure-port https安全端口
* --advertise-address 集群通告地址
* --allow-privileged 启用授权
* --service-cluster-ip-range Service虚拟IP地址段
* --enable-admission-plugins 准入控制模块
* --authorization-mode 认证授权，启用RBAC授权和节点自管理
* --enable-bootstrap-token-auth 启用TLS bootstrap功能，后面会讲到
* --token-auth-file token文件
* --service-node-port-range Service Node类型默认分配端口范围

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-apiserver $KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kube-apiserver
systemctl restart kube-apiserver

scheduler组件

vim  /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler
KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS="--logtostderr=true \
--v=4 \
--master=127.0.0.1:8080 \
--leader-elect"

* --master 连接本地apiserver
* --leader-elect 当该组件启动多个时，自动选举（HA）

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-scheduler $KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kube-scheduler.service
systemctl restart kube-scheduler.service

controller-manager组件

vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager
KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS="--logtostderr=true \
--v=4 \
--master=127.0.0.1:8080 \
--leader-elect=true \
--address=127.0.0.1 \
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \
--cluster-name=kubernetes \
--cluster-signing-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--cluster-signing-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem  \
--root-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--service-account-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem"

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-controller-manager $KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kube-controller-manager
systemctl restart kube-controller-manager

检查

/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubectl get cs
NAME                 STATUS    MESSAGE             ERROR
controller-manager   Healthy   ok                  
scheduler            Healthy   ok                  
etcd-0               Healthy   {"health":"true"}   
etcd-1               Healthy   {"health":"true"}   
etcd-2               Healthy   {"health":"true"}

---

在node部署组件

说明

Master apiserver启用TLS认证后，Node节点kubelet组件想要加入集群，必须使用CA签发的有效证书才能与apiserver通信，当Node节点很多时，签署证书是一件很繁琐的事情，因此有了TLS Bootstrapping机制，kubelet会以一个低权限用户自动向apiserver申请证书，kubelet的证书由apiserver动态签署

master操作

vim /etc/profile
export PATH=/opt/kubernetes/bin:$PATH
source /etc/profile

将kubelet-bootstrap用户绑定到系统集群角色
/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubectl create clusterrolebinding kubelet-bootstrap \
--clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper \
--user=kubelet-bootstrap

clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubelet-bootstrap created

cd /data/ssl/k8s/

创建kubeconfig文件
在生成kubernetes证书的目录下执行以下命令生成kubeconfig文件：

vim kubeconfig.sh
# 创建kubelet bootstrapping kubeconfig
# 注意更新密码 和IP
BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN=MnCwST4J8KAn7qLkMnklR8LytumEBb
KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.100.100:6443"

# 设置集群参数
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  --certificate-authority=./ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
  --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig

# 设置客户端认证参数
kubectl config set-credentials kubelet-bootstrap \
  --token=${BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN} \
  --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig

# 设置上下文参数
kubectl config set-context default \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user=kubelet-bootstrap \
  --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig

# 设置默认上下文
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig

#----------------------

# 创建kube-proxy kubeconfig文件

kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  --certificate-authority=./ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig

kubectl config set-credentials kube-proxy \
  --client-certificate=./kube-proxy.pem \
  --client-key=./kube-proxy-key.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig

kubectl config set-context default \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user=kube-proxy \
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig

kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig

ls  bootstrap.kubeconfig kube-proxy.kubeconfig
scp bootstrap.kubeconfig kube-proxy.kubeconfig  root@node01:/opt/kubernetes/cfg/
scp bootstrap.kubeconfig kube-proxy.kubeconfig  root@node02:/opt/kubernetes/cfg/

cd /data/src/kubernetes/server/bin

scp kubelet kube-proxy root@node01:/opt/kubernetes/bin/
scp kubelet kube-proxy root@node02:/opt/kubernetes/bin/

node:

1. node01 192.168.100.101 10.0.0.2
2. node02 192.168.100.102 10.0.0.3

vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet
KUBELET_OPTS="--logtostderr=true \
--v=4 \
--hostname-override=192.168.100.101 \
--kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig \
--bootstrap-kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig \
--config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.config \
--cert-dir=/opt/kubernetes/ssl \
--pod-infra-container-image=registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google-containers/pause-amd64:3.0"

* --hostname-override 在集群中显示的主机名
* --kubeconfig 指定kubeconfig文件位置，会自动生成
* --bootstrap-kubeconfig 指定刚才生成的bootstrap.kubeconfig文件
* --cert-dir 颁发证书存放位置
* --pod-infra-container-image 管理Pod网络的镜像

vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.config
kind: KubeletConfiguration
apiVersion: kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
address: 192.168.100.101
port: 10250
readOnlyPort: 10255
cgroupDriver: cgroupfs
clusterDNS: ["10.0.0.2"]
clusterDomain: cluster.local.
failSwapOn: false
authentication:
  anonymous:
    enabled: true

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kubelet
After=docker.service
Requires=docker.service

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubelet $KUBELET_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
KillMode=process

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kubelet
systemctl restart kubelet

kubectl get csr
kubectl certificate approve  name
kubectl get node

kube-proxy

vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy
KUBE_PROXY_OPTS="--logtostderr=true \
--v=4 \
--hostname-override=192.168.100.101 \
--cluster-cidr=10.0.0.0/24 \
--kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig"

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Proxy
After=network.target

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-proxy $KUBE_PROXY_OPTS
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kube-proxy
systemctl restart kube-proxy

检查

kubectl get componentstatus
kubectl get node

启动测试示例

kubectl  run nginx --image=nginx --replicas=3
kubectl  get pods -o wide
kubectl  expose deployment nginx --port=88 --target-port=80 --type=NodePort
kubectl  get svc nginx