1.Mysql主从配置环境信息

Master：192.168.231.128

Slave：192.168.231.129

2.Matser配置

①编辑配置文件/etc/my.cnf

修改my.cnf，增加server-id=128和log_bin=test_01,随后重新启动mysql服务

[mysqld]
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
server-id=128
log_bin=test_01
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.
# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,
# customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the
# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd

[mysqld_safe]
#log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
#pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid

#
# include all files from the config directory
#
#!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d
[root@test_01 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL... SUCCESS! 
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!

②创建同步用户，并且将表暂时锁定不允许再写入

mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'replicate'@'192.168.231.129' identified by 'P@ssw0rd';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush tables with read lock;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

③查看master的状态信息

此状态显示了master的bin_log文件名以及当前所处的位置

mysql> show master status
    -> ;
+----------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File           | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+----------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| test_01.000002 |   653120 |              |                  |                   |
+----------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

④将当前所有数据库做备份

[root@test_01 mysql]# ls
auto.cnf  ib_logfile0  mysql               test            test_01.000002  test_01.index  wennan
ibdata1   ib_logfile1  performance_schema  test_01.000001  test_01.err     test_01.pid
[root@test_01 mysql]# ls .tmp
ls: 无法访问.tmp: 没有那个文件或目录
[root@test_01 mysql]# ls /tmp
mysql.sock  mysql.sql  systemd-private-e3f448a092a245e78ad7f85feac7cd9a-vmtoolsd.service-hIsgS1
[root@test_01 mysql]# mysqldump -uroot -pP@ssw0rd test > /tmp/test.sql
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
[root@test_01 mysql]# mysqldump -uroot -pP@ssw0rd wennan > /tmp/wennan.sql
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
[root@test_01 mysql]# ls /tmp
mysql.sock  mysql.sql  systemd-private-e3f448a092a245e78ad7f85feac7cd9a-vmtoolsd.service-hIsgS1  test.sql  wennan.sql

3.Slave配置

①编辑配置文件/etc/my.cnf添加server-id=129,随后重新启动mysqld服务

[root@test_01 mysql]# ls
auto.cnf  ib_logfile0  mysql               test            test_01.000002  test_01.index  wennan
ibdata1   ib_logfile1  performance_schema  test_01.000001  test_01.err     test_01.pid
[root@test_01 mysql]# ls .tmp
ls: 无法访问.tmp: 没有那个文件或目录
[root@test_01 mysql]# ls /tmp
mysql.sock  mysql.sql  systemd-private-e3f448a092a245e78ad7f85feac7cd9a-vmtoolsd.service-hIsgS1
[root@test_01 mysql]# mysqldump -uroot -pP@ssw0rd test > /tmp/test.sql
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
[root@test_01 mysql]# mysqldump -uroot -pP@ssw0rd wennan > /tmp/wennan.sql
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
[root@test_01 mysql]# ls /tmp
mysql.sock  mysql.sql  systemd-private-e3f448a092a245e78ad7f85feac7cd9a-vmtoolsd.service-hIsgS1  test.sql  wennan.sql
[root@test_02 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! 
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!

②将Master上备份好的数据库备份文件拷贝至Slave

[root@test_02 ~]# scp 192.168.231.128:/tmp/*.sql /tmp
The authenticity of host '192.168.231.128 (192.168.231.128)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is b2:0d:32:2b:8f:40:2e:c2:2d:ab:6d:f0:2c:6b:2d:9a.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? y
Please type 'yes' or 'no': yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.231.128' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
[email protected]'s password:                                                                                          100%  637KB 636.7KB/s   00:00    
test.sql                                                                                           100% 1258     1.2KB/s   00:00    
wennan.sql

③将数据库备份文件恢复至对应的数据库

[root@test_02 ~]# mysql -uroot -pP@ssw0rd  wennan < /tmp/wennan.sql 
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
[root@test_02 ~]# mysql -uroot -pP@ssw0rd  test < /tmp/test.sql 
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

④登录数据库，停止slave后修改slave参数

mysql>stop slave;
mysql>change master to master_host='192.168.231.128', master_user='replicate', master_password='P@ssw0rd', master_log_file='test_01.000002', master_log_pos=653120,

⑤重新开启slave，查看slave状态

mysql> start slave;
mysql>  show slave stauts\G
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'stauts' at line 1
mysql>  show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 192.168.231.128
                  Master_User: replicate
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: test_01.000002
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 653120
               Relay_Log_File: test_02-relay-bin.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 281
        Relay_Master_Log_File: test_01.000002
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB: 
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
           Replicate_Do_Table: 
       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error: 
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 653120
              Relay_Log_Space: 456
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File: 
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File: 
           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
              Master_SSL_Cert: 
            Master_SSL_Cipher: 
               Master_SSL_Key: 
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error: 
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error: 
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
             Master_Server_Id: 128
                  Master_UUID: 40078eac-e0ed-11e7-92e6-000c296b046f
             Master_Info_File: /data/mysql/master.info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind: 
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
               Master_SSL_Crl: 
           Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 
            Executed_Gtid_Set: 
                Auto_Position: 0
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

⑥测试主从同步

在master创建表test1

mysql> create table test1(`id` int(4), `name` char(40));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.39 sec)

mysql> select count(*) test1;
+-------+
| test1 |
+-------+
|     1 |
+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

slave查看表test1信息，确认一致

mysql> select count(*) test1;
+-------+
| test1 |
+-------+
|     1 |
+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)