前言
坑无处不有。对各个组件大家都是仁者见仁智者见智。
各个组件的工作原理适用场景就不在一 一阐述。
……
待续
……
环境准备
Corosync 安装与配置
Pacemaker 安装与配置
DRBD 安装与配置
MySQL 安装与配置
Crm 资源管理
系统结构
环境准备
$cat /etc/issue Ubuntu 14.04.4 LTS \n \l $uname -r 4.2.0-27-generic [Both] $grep '10\|20' /etc/hosts 172.16.9.10 eva.suzf.net eva 172.16.9.20 cali.suzf.net cali
ssh互信
eva ssh-keygen -t rsa -P '' ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub cali cali ssh-keygen -t rsa -P '' ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub eva
Selinux
Ubuntu 默认没有 安装，跳过
sudo service iptables stop
Corosync 安装与配置
[Both] sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install corosync -y
修改配置文件和生成认证文件
$grep -v "^.*#\|^$" /etc/corosync/corosync.conf
totem {
version: 2
token: 3000
token_retransmits_before_loss_const: 10
join: 60
consensus: 3600
vsftype: none
max_messages: 20
clear_node_high_bit: yes
secauth: off
threads: 0
rrp_mode: none
interface {
member{
memberaddr: 172.16.9.10
}
member{
memberaddr: 172.16.9.20
}
ringnumber: 0
bindnetaddr: 172.16.9.0
mcastaddr: 226.94.1.1
mcastport: 5405
}
}
amf {
mode: disabled
}
quorum {
provider: corosync_votequorum
expected_votes: 1
}
aisexec {
user: root
group: root
}
logging {
fileline: off
to_stderr: yes
to_logfile: no
to_syslog: yes
syslog_facility: daemon
debug: off
timestamp: on
logger_subsys {
subsys: AMF
debug: off
tags: enter|leave|trace1|trace2|trace3|trace4|trace6
}
}
同步文件到 cali 节点
rsync -av corosync.conf cali:/etc/corosync/
认证文件
corosync-keygen Corosync Cluster Engine Authentication key generator. Gathering 1024 bits for key from /dev/random. Press keys on your keyboard to generate entropy (bits = 152). #遇到这个情况，表示电脑的随机数不够，各位朋友可以不停的随便敲键盘，或者安装软件也可以生成随机数
把认证文件也复制到cali主机上
rsync -av authkey cali:/etc/corosync/
开启服务
cat /etc/default/corosync # start corosync at boot [yes|no] START=yes [both] sudo service corosync start
Pacemaker 安装配置
[Both] sudo apt-get-install pacemaker -y sudo service pacemaker start
查看集群中的节点信息
$sudo crm status Last updated: Wed Jun 29 14:35:21 2016 Last change: Mon Jun 27 16:18:55 2016 via crmd on eva Stack: corosync Current DC: cali (739248404) - partition with quorum Version: 1.1.10-42f2063 2 Nodes configured 0 Resources configured Online: [ cali eva ]
DRBD 安装与配置
创建一个新的磁盘分区
[Only on node]
@eva ~]$sudo fdisk /dev/sdb
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x56c8d4fc.
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.
Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1
First sector (2048-81788927, default 2048):
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-81788927, default 81788927):
Using default value 81788927
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 41.9 GB, 41875931136 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 5091 cylinders, total 81788928 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x56c8d4fc
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 2048 81788927 40893440 83 Linux
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
sudo pvcreate /dev/sdb1
sudo vgcreate vol2 /dev/sdb1
sudo lvcreate -L 3G -n mysql-drbd vol2
# sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/vol2/mysql-drbd #这里不需要格式化
安装drbd和修改配置文件
[both] sudo apt-get install drbd8-utils -y
ubuntu14.4.04 kernel中编译的 drbd module 版本是 8.4.5, 而官方trusty所提供的drbd8-utils的版本只到8.4.4, 只能手动编译了 详见 http://suzf.net/thread-0628-918.html
DRBD有如下3种模式：
协议A：异步复制协议。本地写成功后立即返回，数据放在发送buffer中，可能丢失。
协议B：内存同步（半同步）复制协议。本地写成功并将数据发送到对方后立即返回，如果双机掉电，数据可能丢失。
协议C：同步复制协议。本地和对方写成功确认后返回。如果双机掉电或磁盘同时损坏，则数据可能丢失。
在使用时，一般用协议C。由于协议C是本地和对方写成功时再认为写入成功，因此会有一定时延。
修改 drbd 配置文件
@eva ~]$uname -n
eva
$pwd
/etc/drbd.d
$cat global_common.conf
global {
usage-count no;
}
common {
protocol C;
startup {
wfc-timeout 10;
degr-wfc-timeout 1;
outdated-wfc-timeout 1;
}
}
$cat mysql-drbd.res
resource mysql-drbd {
protocol C;
device /dev/drbd0;
disk /dev/vol2/mysql-drbd;
meta-disk internal;
net {
cram-hmac-alg sha1;
shared-secret "mysql-drbd";
#allow-two-primaries;
}
syncer {
verify-alg crc32c;
rate 1000M;
}
on eva {
address 172.16.9.10:7789;
}
on cali {
address 172.16.9.20:7789;
}
}
同步brbd配置文件到 cali 节点
rsync -av ./* cali:/etc/drbd.d/
初始化drbd的资源并启动
drbd 创建资源之前不需要讲分区格式化
如果已经格式化请执行下面操作
dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/vol2/mysql-drbd bs=1M count=1
创建DRBD 资源
@eva ~]$sudo drbdadm create-md mysql-drbd initializing activity log NOT initializing bitmap Writing meta data... New drbd meta data block successfully created. @eva ~]$sudo service drbd start * Starting DRBD resources [ create res: mysql-drbd prepare disk: mysql-drbd adjust disk: mysql-drbd adjust net: mysql-drbd ] [ OK ]
Cali 节点操作
sudo drbdadm create-md mysql-drbd sudo service drbd start
格式化分区
@eva ~]$sudo drbdadm primary --force mysql-drbd @eva ~]$sudo cat /proc/drbd version: 8.4.5 (api:1/proto:86-101) srcversion: 5A4F43804B37BB28FCB1F47 0: cs:Connected ro:Primary/Secondary ds:UpToDate/UpToDate B r----- ns:0 nr:0 dw:0 dr:728 al:0 bm:0 lo:0 pe:0 ua:0 ap:0 ep:1 wo:f oos:3145596 @eva ~]$sudo mke2fs -t ext4 /dev/drbd0 mke2fs 1.42.9 (4-Feb-2014) Filesystem label= OS type: Linux Block size=4096 (log=2) Fragment size=4096 (log=2) Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks 196608 inodes, 786399 blocks 39319 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user First data block=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=805306368 24 block groups 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group 8192 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912 Allocating group tables: done Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (16384 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done @eva ~]$sudo mkdir -p /data/mysql-drbd/ @eva ~]$sudo chown -R mysql /data/mysql-drbd/ @eva ~]$sudo chgrp -R mysql /data/mysql-drbd/ @eva ~]$sudo chmod -R 755 /data/mysql-drbd/
Mysql 安装与配置
安装Mysql 修改数据目录
[Both] sudo apt-get install mysql-server -y #vim /etc/my.cnf datadir = /data/mysql-drbd # grep data -B 2 /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.mysqld /var/lib/mysql/ r, /var/lib/mysql/** rwk, /data/mysql-drbd/ r, /data/mysql-drbd/** rwk, sudo service apparmor restart
在其中一个node 初始化数据
@eva ~]$sudo mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql-drbd/ @eva ~]$sudo service mysql start
在eva上创建一个测数据库
mysql> show databases; +---------------------+ | Database | +---------------------+ | information_schema | | eva | | #mysql50#lost+found | | mysql | | performance_schema | +---------------------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> system hostname eva
停掉mysql服务，卸载drbd挂载的目录
# Eva sudo service mysql stop sudo umount /dev/drbd0 sudo drbdadm secondary mysql-drbd #把此节点改为drbd的备用节点
挂载到 Cali, 验证数据是否同步
# Cali sudo drbdadm primary mysql-drbd #把此节点改为drbd的主节点 sudo chown -p /data/mysql-drbd/ sudo chown -R mysql /data/mysql-drbd/ sudo chgrp -R mysql /data/mysql-drbd/ sudo chmod -R 755 /data/mysql-drbd/ sudo mount /dev/drbd0 /data/mysql-drbd sudo service mysql start #此节点上不用初始化数据库，直接开启服务即可
查看数据是否同步
@cali ~]$sudo mysql -e "show databases;" +---------------------+ | Database | +---------------------+ | information_schema | | eva | | #mysql50#lost+found | | mysql | | performance_schema | +---------------------+ @eva ~]$sudo cat /proc/drbd version: 8.4.5 (api:1/proto:86-101) srcversion: 5A4F43804B37BB28FCB1F47 0: cs:Connected ro:Secondary/Primary ds:UpToDate/UpToDate B r----- ns:159000 nr:2400 dw:161400 dr:8738 al:38 bm:0 lo:0 pe:0 ua:0 ap:0 ep:1 wo:f oos:0 @cali ~]$sudo cat /proc/drbd version: 8.4.5 (api:1/proto:86-101) srcversion: 5A4F43804B37BB28FCB1F47 0: cs:Connected ro:Primary/Secondary ds:UpToDate/UpToDate B r----- ns:2388 nr:159000 dw:161388 dr:7602 al:6 bm:0 lo:0 pe:0 ua:0 ap:0 ep:1 wo:f oos:0 @cali ~]$sudo service drbd status drbd driver loaded OK; device status: version: 8.4.5 (api:1/proto:86-101) srcversion: 5A4F43804B37BB28FCB1F47 m:res cs ro ds p mounted fstype 0:mysql-drbd Connected Primary/Secondary UpToDate/UpToDate B /data/mysql-drbd ext4
其中第一行为DRBD的版本信息，第二行为DRBD开发都最后提交源码的时间点。
第三行就是DRBD的状态信息了：
cs: connection status 连接状态
ro: role 角色，本机角色/远程主机角色（注：旧版本DRBD为st）
ds: data status 数据同步状态，本机状态/远程主机状态（由于示例没有设置主备，因此两边的状态都显示Incosistent）
C 使用的同步协议
Crm 资源管理
需要定义集群资源而mysql、drbd都是集群的资源，由集群管理的资源开机是一定不能够自行启动的。
关闭mysql的服务 卸载drbd分区 和 drbd的服务， 设置mysql 开机禁止启动
=== CRM CMD START === # verify 验证配置是否正确 # commit 提交配置 sudo crm configure # 定义drbd的资源(提供drbd的资源代理RA由OCF类别中的linbit提供） property stonith-enabled=false property no-quorum-policy=ignore primitive p_mysql_drbd ocf:linbit:drbd params drbd_resource=mysql-drbd op monitor role=Master interval=10 timeout=20 op monitor role=Slave interval=20 timeout=20 op start timeout=240 op stop timeout=100 # 定义drbd的主从资源 ms m_mysql_drbd p_mysql_drbd meta master-max=1 master-node-max=1 clone-max=2 clone-node-max=1 notify=true # 定义文件系统资源和约束关系 primitive p_fs_mysql_data ocf:heartbeat:Filesystem params device="/dev/drbd0" directory="/data/mysql-drbd" fstype="ext4" op monitor interval=40 timeout=40 op start timeout=60 op stop timeout=60 colocation c_mysql_drbd inf: p_fs_mysql_data m_mysql_drbd:Master order o_mysql_drbd mandatory: m_mysql_drbd:promote p_fs_mysql_data:start # 定义vip资源、mysql服务的资源约束关系 primitive p_mysql_vip ocf:heartbeat:IPaddr2 \ params ip="172.16.9.33" cidr_netmask="24" \ op monitor interval="30s" primitive p_mysqld ocf:heartbeat:mysql \ params binary="/usr/sbin/mysqld" config="/etc/mysql/my.cnf" datadir="/data/mysql-drbd" \ pid="/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid" socket="/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock" log="/var/log/mysql/error.log" \ op start interval="0" timeout="120" \ op stop interval="0" timeout="120" \ op monitor interval="10" timeout="30" depth="0" colocation c_mysql_with_data inf: p_mysqld p_fs_mysql_data order o_drbd_before_mysql mandatory: p_fs_mysql_data:start p_mysqld:start colocation p_mysql_vip_with_mysql inf: p_mysql_vip p_mysqld order o_mysql_vip_before_mysql mandatory: p_mysql_vip p_mysqld commit === CRM CMD END ===
在线查看当前配置
crm(live)configure# show node $id="739248394" eva \ attributes standby="off" maintenance="off" node $id="739248404" cali \ attributes standby="off" maintenance="off" primitive p_fs_mysql_data ocf:heartbeat:Filesystem \ params device="/dev/drbd0" directory="/data/mysql-drbd" fstype="ext4" \ op monitor interval="40" timeout="40" \ op start timeout="60" interval="0" \ op stop timeout="60" interval="0" primitive p_mysql_drbd ocf:linbit:drbd \ params drbd_resource="mysql-drbd" \ op monitor role="Master" interval="10" timeout="20" \ op monitor role="Slave" interval="20" timeout="20" \ op start timeout="240" interval="0" \ op stop timeout="100" interval="0" primitive p_mysql_vip ocf:heartbeat:IPaddr2 \ params ip="172.16.9.33" cidr_netmask="24" \ op monitor interval="30s" primitive p_mysqld ocf:heartbeat:mysql \ params binary="/usr/sbin/mysqld" config="/etc/mysql/my.cnf" datadir="/data/mysql-drbd" pid="/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid" socket="/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock" log="/var/log/mysql/error.log" \ op start interval="0" timeout="120" \ op stop interval="0" timeout="120" \ op monitor interval="10" timeout="30" depth="0" ms m_mysql_drbd p_mysql_drbd \ meta master-max="1" master-node-max="1" clone-max="2" clone-node-max="1" notify="true" location cli-prefer-p_mysql_vip p_mysql_vip inf: eva colocation c_mysql_drbd inf: p_fs_mysql_data m_mysql_drbd:Master colocation c_mysql_with_data inf: p_mysqld p_fs_mysql_data colocation p_mysql_vip_with_mysql inf: p_mysql_vip p_mysqld order o_drbd_before_mysql inf: p_fs_mysql_data:start p_mysqld:start order o_mysql_drbd inf: m_mysql_drbd:promote p_fs_mysql_data:start order o_mysql_vip_before_mysql inf: p_mysql_vip p_mysqld property $id="cib-bootstrap-options" \ stonith-enabled="false" \ no-quorum-policy="ignore" \ dc-version="1.1.10-42f2063" \ cluster-infrastructure="corosync"
验证
可以看到第一次 资源全部在 eva 这个节点上
当 eva 节点设为 standby 可以看到资源全部迁移到 cali 节点
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drbd, Mysql