使用Python生成XML

1. bookstore.py

#encoding:utf-8
'''
根据一个给定的XML Schema，使用DOM树的形式从空白文件生成一个XML。
'''
from xml.dom.minidom import Document

doc = Document()  #创建DOM文档对象

bookstore = doc.createElement('bookstore') #创建根元素
bookstore.setAttribute('xmlns:xsi',"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance")#设置命名空间
bookstore.setAttribute('xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation','bookstore.xsd')#引用本地XML Schema
doc.appendChild(bookstore)
############book:Python处理XML之Minidom################
book = doc.createElement('book')
book.setAttribute('genre','XML')
bookstore.appendChild(book)

title = doc.createElement('title')
title_text = doc.createTextNode('Python处理XML之Minidom') #元素内容写入
title.appendChild(title_text)
book.appendChild(title)

author = doc.createElement('author')
book.appendChild(author)
author_first_name = doc.createElement('first-name')
author_last_name  = doc.createElement('last-name')
author_first_name_text = doc.createTextNode('张')
author_last_name_text  = doc.createTextNode('三')
author.appendChild(author_first_name)
author.appendChild(author_last_name)
author_first_name.appendChild(author_first_name_text)
author_last_name.appendChild(author_last_name_text)
book.appendChild(author)

price = doc.createElement('price')
price_text = doc.createTextNode('28')
price.appendChild(price_text)
book.appendChild(price)
############book1:Python写网站之Django####################
book1 = doc.createElement('book')
book1.setAttribute('genre','Web')
bookstore.appendChild(book1)

title1 = doc.createElement('title')
title_text1 = doc.createTextNode('Python写网站之Django')
title1.appendChild(title_text1)
book1.appendChild(title1)

author1 = doc.createElement('author')
book.appendChild(author1)
author_first_name1 = doc.createElement('first-name')
author_last_name1  = doc.createElement('last-name')
author_first_name_text1 = doc.createTextNode('李')
author_last_name_text1  = doc.createTextNode('四')
author1.appendChild(author_first_name1)
author1.appendChild(author_last_name1)
author_first_name1.appendChild(author_first_name_text1)
author_last_name1.appendChild(author_last_name_text1)
book1.appendChild(author1)

price1 = doc.createElement('price')
price_text1 = doc.createTextNode('40')
price1.appendChild(price_text1)
book1.appendChild(price1)

########### 将DOM对象doc写入文件
f = open('bookstore.xml','w')
f.write(doc.toprettyxml(indent = ''))
f.close()

2. bookstore.xsd

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" elementFormDefault="qualified">

  <xsd:element name="bookstore" type="bookstoreType"/>

  <xsd:complexType name="bookstoreType">
    <xsd:sequence maxOccurs="unbounded">
      <xsd:element name="book" type="bookType"/>
    </xsd:sequence>
  </xsd:complexType>

  <xsd:complexType name="bookType">
    <xsd:sequence>
      <xsd:element name="title" type="xsd:string"/>
      <xsd:element name="author" type="authorName"/>
      <xsd:element name="price" type="xsd:decimal"/>
    </xsd:sequence>
    <xsd:attribute name="genre" type="xsd:string"/>
  </xsd:complexType>

  <xsd:complexType name="authorName">
    <xsd:sequence>
      <xsd:element name="first-name" type="xsd:string"/>
      <xsd:element name="last-name" type="xsd:string"/>
    </xsd:sequence>
  </xsd:complexType>

</xsd:schema>

3. 根据上面的XML Schema用Python minidom生成的XML

bookstore.xml

<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<bookstore xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="bookstore.xsd">
  <book genre="XML">
    <title>
      Python处理XML之Minidom
    </title>
    <author>
      <first-name>
        张
      </first-name>
      <last-name>
        三
      </last-name>
    </author>
    <price>
      28
    </price>
  </book>
  <book genre="Web">
    <title>
      Python写网站之Django
    </title>
    <author>
      <first-name>
        李
      </first-name>
      <last-name>
        四
      </last-name>
    </author>
    <price>
      40
    </price>
  </book>
</bookstore>