MySQL学习第二节：管理MySQL数据服务

1.mkdir -p /data/mysqldata/{3306/{data,tmp,binlog},backup,scripts}
2.chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysqldata
3.chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
3.touch /data/mysqldata/3306/my.cnf
4.chown mysql:mysql /data/mysqldata/3306/my.cnf
5.[root@VM_0_7_centos 3306]# cat my.cnf
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /data/mysqldata/3306/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
port = 3306
user = mysql
socket = /data/mysqldata/3306/mysql.sock
pid-file = /data/mysqldata/3306/mysql.pid
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /data/mysqldata/3306/data
tmpdir = /data/mysqldata/3306/tmp
open_files_limit = 10240
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp
sql_mode = NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

max_allowed_packet = 256M
max_heap_table_size = 256M
net_buffer_length = 8K
sort_buffer_size = 2M
join_buffer_size = 4M
read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M

log-bin = /data/mysqldata/3306/binlog/mysql-bin
binlog_cache_size = 32m
max_binlog_size = 512m
max_binlog_cache_size = 512m
binlog_format = mixed
log_output = FILE
log-error = ../mysql-error.log
slow_query_log = 1
slow_query_log_file = ../show_query.log
general_log = 0
general_log_file = ../general_query.log
expire-logs-days = 14

innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:2048M:autoextend
innodb_log_file_size = 256M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1024M

[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
prompt = (\u@\h) [\d]>_
default-character-set = gbk

6.初始化MySQL数据库
①cd /usr/local/mysql/scripts
②su mysql
③./mysql_install_db --datadir=/data/mysqldata/3306/data --basedir=/usr/local/mysql

7.启动数据库（推荐用mysqld_safe 启动）（mysql用户）
./mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysqldata/3306/my.cnf &


8.登陆
可以直接用mysql，不用密码登录

从安全考虑，保留允许root用户从本地链接的记录外，其他用户删除
delete from mysql.user where (user,host) not in (select 'root','localhost');

更新root，为system

update mysql.user set user='system',password=password('****')

truncate table mysql.db;
flush privileges;

删除记录，刷新生效。

9.几个自动化脚本（mysql用户下）
（1） 环境变量
vim /data/mysqldata/scripts/mysql_env.ini
#set env
MYSQL_USER=system
MYSQL_PASS='*****'
#check parameter
if [ $# -ne 1 ]
then
HOST_PORT=3306
else
HOST_PORT=$1
fi

chmod 600 /data/mysqldata/scripts/mysql_env.ini
（2）启动
vim /data/mysqldata/scripts/mysql_db_startup.sh
#!/bin/bash
source /data/mysqldata/scripts/mysqlenv.ini
echo "Startup MySQL Service:localhost"${HOST_PORT}
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysqldata/${HOST_PORT}/my.cnf &
(3)停止
vim /data/mysqldata/scripts/mysql_db_shutdown.sh
#!/bin/bash

source /data/mysqldata/scripts/mysqlenv.ini
echo "Shutdown MySQL Service:localhost"${HOST_PORT}
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u${MYSQL_USER} -p${MYSQL_PASS} -S /data/mysqldata/${HOST_PORT}/mysql.sock shutdown

（4）登录
vim /data/mysqldata/scripts/mysqlplus.sh
#!/bin/bash
source /data/mysqldata/scripts/mysqlenv.ini
echo "Login MySQL Service :localhost"${HOST_PORT}
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u${MYSQL_USER} -p${MYSQL_PASS} -S /data/mysqldata/${HOST_PORT}/mysql.sock $2

chmod +x /data/mysqldata/scripts/*.sh

把这个/data/mysqldata/scripts/ 加入环境变量中

bash-4.1$ cat ~/.bash_profile

if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/data/mysqldata/scripts

export PATH

可以直接用了