(GeekBand)系统设计与实践 系统设计七剑客

大纲

  • 同步
  • 网络
  • 数据库
  • 分布式
  • 性能
  • 估算
  • 面向对象
案例
  • 社交网站信息流
  • 日志统计
  • 网络爬虫
  • 电商产品页面

Concurrency

Thread vs. Process

Consumer and Producer

Blockingqueue

Tracking:(log记录)

Synchronized(同步):每次请求直接写入磁盘

Asynchronized(异步):先放入缓冲区,每隔一段时间刷新到磁盘上

Network

OSI模型(上到下封包)

  • Application Layer(*http1.0/1.1协议,应用层)
  • Presentaation Layer(应用层)
  • Session Layer(会话层)
  • Transport Layer(*TCP,UDP协议,传输层)
  • Network Layer(网络层)
  • Data Link Layer(数据连接层)
  • Physical Layer(物理层)

Visit URL

What happens after you typed a URL in your browser and pressed return key?

(*寻址与建立链接是关键)

  1. 访问DNS
  2. DNS返回网页服务器IP地址
  3. 与网页服务器建立连接(三次无首,80端口)
  4. 浏览器与服务器建立http会话(接受数据)
  5. 浏览器解析数据,渲染网页
  6. 关闭浏览器,终止http会话

Database

Relational DB vs. KV Store(关系型数据库VS.KeyValue存储)

Sharding vs. Clustering(分片VS.集群)

TinyURL:

Store the mapping from shortlink code to full URL.

document:
  • code:varchar(8)
  • url:varchar(1000)
  • created_at:timestamp
  • We also need to store the reverse mapping from URL back to code.

Distribute System

How to scala Tiny URL service?(规模化Tiny URL服务)
  • Stateless frontend servers behind a load balancer(负载均衡)
  • Sharded/replicated database(on shortlink code)(数据库备份化)
  • Memcached to scala read traffic(逐层加cache提高性能)
  • Spread write load(平分化)
  • Locally buffered evevt tracking + async flush to high-throughput messagequeue
  • Use a distributed unique IDgenerator(64-bit)

Performance

Cache is KEY!
  • Numbers Everyone Should Know
  • L1 cache reference 0.5ns
  • Branch mispredict 5ns
  • L2 cache reference 7ns
  • Mutex lock/unlock 25ns
  • Main memory reference 100ns
  • Compress 1K bytes with Zippy 3,000ns
  • Send 2K bytes over 1 Gbps network 20,000ns
  • Read 1 MB sequentially from memory 250,000ns
  • Round trip within same datacenter 500,000ns
  • Disk seek 10,000,000ns
  • Read 1 MB sequentially from disk 20,000,000ns
  • Send packet CA->Netherlands->CA 150,000,000ns

Estimation

How many piano tuners are there in the entire world?
Tiny URL:How much is total storage?
  • URL Length 10-1000 chars.
  • Total accumulated URL number 100M
  • New URL registrations are on the order 100,000/day(1/sec)
  • Redirect requests are on the order of 100M/day(1000/sec)

Design Pattern

23patterns
  • MVC(前后端分离,中间件连接)
  • Singleton(保证只有一个实例)
  • Factory(工业框架,生成一系列子类)
  • Iterator(迭代器,提供方法顺序访问聚合对象并且不暴露内部特征)
  • Decorator(装饰器,为对象添加额外职责)
  • Facade

你可能感兴趣的:((GeekBand)系统设计与实践 系统设计七剑客)