nginx-配置基于ip或域名的虚拟主机

【0】README： nginx 可以配置多种类型的虚拟主机： 

类型1） 基于ip的虚拟主机；

类型2）基于域名的虚拟主机；

类型3）基于端口的虚拟主机；

【1】配置基于 ip 的虚拟主机的准备工作

step1） 先用 ifconfig 查看该服务器的ip地址：   本服务器有一块物理网卡设备 eth0 和 本地回环设备lo， eth0 的ip地址为 192.168.186.100 ，本地回环lo的ip地址为 127.0.0.1 ；

eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0C:29:71:D7:1A  
          inet addr:192.168.186.100  Bcast:192.168.186.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe71:d71a/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:1349 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:1155 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:139966 (136.6 KiB)  TX bytes:145180 (141.7 KiB)
          Interrupt:19 Base address:0x2000 

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback  
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:16436  Metric:1
          RX packets:4 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:4 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 
          RX bytes:240 (240.0 b)  TX bytes:240 (240.0 b) 

step2）  在 eth0 网卡设备上 添加两个ip别名 192.168.186.101 和 192.168.186.102，可以通过以下的 ifconfig 和 route命令来进行：

[root@localhost nginx]# ifconfig eth0:1 192.168.186.101 broadcast 192.168.186.255 netmask 255.255.255.0 up
[root@localhost nginx]# route add -host 192.168.186.101 dev eth0:1
[root@localhost nginx]# 
[root@localhost nginx]# ifconfig eth0:2 192.168.186.102 broadcast 192.168.186.255 netmask 255.255.255.0 up
[root@localhost nginx]# route add -host 192.168.186.102 dev eth0:2

step3）再执行 ifconfig命令，就可以看到 eth0 网卡设备上绑定两个 ip 别名，如下所示：

[pacoson@localhost ~]$ ifconfig
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0C:29:71:D7:1A  
          inet addr:192.168.186.100  Bcast:192.168.186.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe71:d71a/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:1349 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:1155 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:139966 (136.6 KiB)  TX bytes:145180 (141.7 KiB)
          Interrupt:19 Base address:0x2000 

eth0:1    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0C:29:71:D7:1A  
          inet addr:192.168.186.101  Bcast:192.168.186.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          Interrupt:19 Base address:0x2000 

eth0:2    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0C:29:71:D7:1A  
          inet addr:192.168.186.102  Bcast:192.168.186.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          Interrupt:19 Base address:0x2000 

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback  
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:16436  Metric:1
          RX packets:4 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:4 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 
          RX bytes:240 (240.0 b)  TX bytes:240 (240.0 b)

step4）ping 通， 证明配置无误

[pacoson@localhost ~]$ ping 192.168.186.101
PING 192.168.186.101 (192.168.186.101) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.186.101: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=4.35 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.186.101: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.149 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.186.101: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.073 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.186.101: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.065 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.186.101: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.063 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.186.101: icmp_seq=6 ttl=64 time=0.066 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.186.101: icmp_seq=7 ttl=64 time=0.070 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.186.101: icmp_seq=8 ttl=64 time=0.069 ms
^C
--- 192.168.186.101 ping statistics ---
8 packets transmitted, 8 received, 0% packet loss, time 7915ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.063/0.613/4.352/1.413 ms
[pacoson@localhost ~]$ 
[pacoson@localhost ~]$ 
[pacoson@localhost ~]$ ping 192.168.186.102
PING 192.168.186.102 (192.168.186.102) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.186.102: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=9.36 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.186.102: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.212 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.186.102: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.065 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.186.102: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.063 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.186.102: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.064 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.186.102: icmp_seq=6 ttl=64 time=0.063 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.186.102: icmp_seq=7 ttl=64 time=0.063 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.186.102: icmp_seq=8 ttl=64 time=0.077 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.186.102: icmp_seq=9 ttl=64 time=0.062 ms
^C
--- 192.168.186.102 ping statistics ---
9 packets transmitted, 9 received, 0% packet loss, time 8993ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.062/1.115/9.366/2.917 ms 

【注意】ifconfig 和 route 配置的ip别名在服务器重启后会消失；可以将 ifconfig 和 route 命令添加到 /etc/rc.local 文件中， 让系统开机时自动运行， 以下是相关命令：

vim /etc/rc.local

在末尾增加以下内容， 

ifconfig eth0:1 192.168.186.101 broadcast 192.168.186.255 netmask 255.255.255.0 up
route add -host 192.168.186.101 dev eth0:1
ifconfig eth0:2 192.168.186.102 broadcast 192.168.186.255 netmask 255.255.255.0 up
route add -host 192.168.186.102 dev eth0:2

【2】配置基于ip的虚拟主机

1）配置文件 nginx.conf 如下：

# this config is from 3-6
worker_processes 3;
events {
	worker_connections 1024;
}
http
{
    # first virtual host 第一个虚拟主机
    server
    {
        # ip and port monitored 监听的ip和端口
        listen          192.168.186.100:80;
        # host name 主机名称
        server_name    192.168.186.100;
        # the dir access_log saved 访问日志文件存放路径
        access_log      logs/server1.access.log combined;
        location /
        {
	    # default index file, priority reduction from left to right
		# 默认首页文件，顺序从左到右，
            index index.html index.htm;
            # the dir html file saved， html网页文件存放目录
            root  /data0/htdocs/server1;
        }
    }
    # second virtual host
    server
    {
        listen          192.168.186.101:80;
        server_name    192.168.186.101;
        access_log      logs/server2.access.log combined;
       location /
        {
            index index.html index.htm;
            root  /data0/htdocs/server2;
        }
    }
    # third virtual host
    server 
    {
        listen          192.168.186.102:80;
        server_name    192.168.186.102;
        access_log      logs/server3.access.log combined;
        location /
        {
            index index.html index.htm;
            root  /data0/htdocs/server3.com;
        }
    }
}

【3】配置基于域名的虚拟主机
1）nginx配置文件如下：

http
{
    # 第一个虚拟主机
    server
    {
        # 监听的端口
        listen     80;
        # 主机名称
        server_name    aaa.domain.com;
        # 访问日志文件存放路径
        access_log      logs/aaa.domain.com.access.log combined;
        location /
        {
            # 默认首页文件，顺序从左到右，如果找不到index.html文件，则查找index.htm文件作为首页文件
            index index.html index.htm;
            # HTML网页文件存放的目录
            root  /data0/htdocs/aaa.domain.com;
        }
    }
    # 第二个虚拟主机
    server
    {
        # 监听的IP和端口
        listen     80;
        # 主机名称
        server_name    bbb.otherdomain.com;
        # 访问日志文件存放路径
        access_log      logs/bbb.otherdomain.com.access.log combined;
        location /
        {
            # 默认首页文件，顺序从左到右，如果找不到index.html文件，则查找index.htm文件作为首页文件
            index index.html index.htm;
            # HTML网页文件存放的目录
            root  /data0/htdocs/bbb.otherdomain.com;
        }
    }
    # 第三个虚拟主机
    server
    {
        # 监听的IP和端口
        listen     80;
        # 主机名称
        server_name    www.domain.com domain.com *.domain.com;
        # 访问日志文件存放路径
        access_log      logs/bbb.domain.com.access.log combined;
        location /
        {
            # 默认首页文件，顺序从左到右，如果找不到index.html文件，则查找index.htm文件作为首页文件
            index index.html index.htm;
            # HTML网页文件存放的目录
            root  /data0/htdocs/domain.com;
        }
    }
}