mongodb 之初接触 及Mongodb数据导出工具mongoexport和导入工具mongoimport介绍

MongoDB 下载下来 下载地址 安装

mongdb 服务启动 进入安装目录 C:\Program Files\MongoDB\Server\3.4\bin
./mongod –dbpath d:\data\db # 这个目录一定要存在
mongdb 默认端口 27017
一、导出工具mongoexport

Mongodb中的mongoexport工具可以把一个collection导出成JSON格式或CSV格式的文件。可以通过参数指定导出的数据项，也可以根据指定的条件导出数据。mongoexport具体用法如下所示：

[root@localhost mongodb]# ./bin/mongoexport --help  
Export MongoDB data to CSV, TSV or JSON files.  

options:  
  --help                    produce help message  
  -v [ --verbose ]          be more verbose (include multiple times for more   
                            verbosity e.g. -vvvvv)  
  --version                 print the program's version and exit  
  -h [ --host ] arg         mongo host to connect to ( /s1,s2 for   
                            sets)  
  --port arg                server port. Can also use --host hostname:port  
  --ipv6                    enable IPv6 support (disabled by default)  
  -u [ --username ] arg     username  
  -p [ --password ] arg     password  
  --dbpath arg              directly access mongod database files in the given   
                            path, instead of connecting to a mongod  server -   
                            needs to lock the data directory, so cannot be used  
                            if a mongod is currently accessing the same path  
  --directoryperdb          if dbpath specified, each db is in a separate   
                            directory  
  --journal                 enable journaling  
  -d [ --db ] arg           database to use  
  -c [ --collection ] arg   collection to use (some commands)  
  -f [ --fields ] arg       comma separated list of field names e.g. -f   
                            name,age  
  --fieldFile arg           file with fields names - 1 per line  
  -q [ --query ] arg        query filter, as a JSON string  
  --csv                     export to csv instead of json  
  -o [ --out ] arg          output file; if not specified, stdout is used  
  --jsonArray               output to a json array rather than one object per   
                            line  
  -k [ --slaveOk ] arg (=1) use secondaries for export if available, default   
                            true  

进入到目录下 执行
./mongoexport -h 40.125.201.124 -u root -p $%^jts3 -d ppp -c ResultTest -o d:/data/ResultTest.dat

参数说明：

-h:指明数据库宿主机的IP
-u:指明数据库的用户名
-p:指明数据库的密码
-d:指明数据库的名字
-c:指明collection的名字
-f:指明要导出那些列
-o:指明到要导出的文件名
-q:指明导出数据的过滤条件

如果数据量比较大导出会比较慢

就会这样

-csv：指明要导出为csv格式
-f：指明需要导出那几列的数据

二、导入工具mongoimport

Mongodb中的mongoimport工具可以把一个特定格式文件中的内容导入到指定的collection中。该工具可以导入JSON格式数据，也可以导入CSV格式数据。具体使用如下所示：

[root@localhost mongodb]# ./bin/mongoimport --help  
options:  
  --help                  produce help message  
  -v [ --verbose ]        be more verbose (include multiple times for more   
                          verbosity e.g. -vvvvv)  
  --version               print the program's version and exit  
  -h [ --host ] arg       mongo host to connect to ( /s1,s2 for sets)  
  --port arg              server port. Can also use --host hostname:port  
  --ipv6                  enable IPv6 support (disabled by default)  
  -u [ --username ] arg   username  
  -p [ --password ] arg   password  
  --dbpath arg            directly access mongod database files in the given   
                          path, instead of connecting to a mongod  server -   
                          needs to lock the data directory, so cannot be used   
                          if a mongod is currently accessing the same path  
  --directoryperdb        if dbpath specified, each db is in a separate   
                          directory  
  --journal               enable journaling  
  -d [ --db ] arg         database to use  
  -c [ --collection ] arg collection to use (some commands)  
  -f [ --fields ] arg     comma separated list of field names e.g. -f name,age  
  --fieldFile arg         file with fields names - 1 per line  
  --ignoreBlanks          if given, empty fields in csv and tsv will be ignored  
  --type arg              type of file to import.  default: json (json,csv,tsv)  
  --file arg              file to import from; if not specified stdin is used  
  --drop                  drop collection first   
  --headerline            CSV,TSV only - use first line as headers  
  --upsert                insert or update objects that already exist  
  --upsertFields arg      comma-separated fields for the query part of the   
                          upsert. You should make sure this is indexed  
  --stopOnError           stop importing at first error rather than continuing  
  --jsonArray             load a json array, not one item per line. Currently   
                          limited to 4MB.  

参数说明：

-h:指明数据库宿主机的IP
-u:指明数据库的用户名
-p:指明数据库的密码
-d:指明数据库的名字
-c:指明collection的名字
-f:指明要导入那些列

./mongoimport -d mymongoTest -c result d:/data/ResultTest.dat

-type:指明要导入的文件格式
-headerline:指明第一行是列名，不需要导入
-file：指明要导入的文件
./mongoimport -d test -c students --type csv --headerline --file d:/data/ResultTest.dat