阿里云ECS 安装MYsql（Linux/UNIX）

阿里云ECS 安装MYsql

Linux/UNIX 上安装 MySQL

系统版本：

[root@izt4ncam5kq4t4j3v078qjz ~]# uname -a
Linux izt4ncam5kq4t4j3v078qjz 3.10.0-862.14.4.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Wed Sep 26 15:12:11 UTC 2018 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

安装步骤：

1、下载mysql源安装包

shell> wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm

2、安装mysql源

shell> yum localinstall mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm

检查mysql源是否安装成功（下图安装成功）

[root@izt4ncam5kq4t4j3v078qjz ~]# yum repolist enabled | grep "mysql.*-community.*"
mysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community                  74
mysql-tools-community/x86_64      MySQL Tools Community                       74
mysql57-community/x86_64          MySQL 5.7 Community Server                 307

可以修改 vim /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo源，改变默认安装的mysql版本。比如要安装5.6版本，将5.7源的enabled=1改成enabled=0。然后再将5.6源的enabled=0改成enabled=1即可。改完之后的效果如下所示： 我这里默认使用5.7 无需修改

name=MySQL Connectors Community
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-connectors-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

[mysql-tools-community]
name=MySQL Tools Community
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-tools-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
          
# Enable to use MySQL 5.5
[mysql55-community] 
name=MySQL 5.5 Community Server 
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.5-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1   
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

# Enable to use MySQL 5.6 
[mysql56-community]
name=MySQL 5.6 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1 
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

[mysql57-community]
[mysql-connectors-community]
name=MySQL Connectors Community
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-connectors-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

[mysql-tools-community]
name=MySQL Tools Community
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-tools-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

# Enable to use MySQL 5.5
[mysql55-community]
name=MySQL 5.5 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.5-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

# Enable to use MySQL 5.6
[mysql56-community]
name=MySQL 5.6 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

[mysql57-community]
name=MySQL 5.7 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

[mysql80-community]
name=MySQL 8.0 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

[mysql-tools-preview]
name=MySQL Tools Preview
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-tools-preview/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

3、安装mysql

shell> yum install mysql-community-server

4、启动mysql

shell> systemctl start mysqld

查看mysql状态：

[root@izt4ncam5kq4t4j3v078qjz ~]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Mon 2018-12-17 19:52:34 CST; 21min ago
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
  Process: 17603 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 17521 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 17606 (mysqld)
    Tasks: 29
   Memory: 254.2M
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           └─17606 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

Dec 17 19:52:26 izt4ncam5kq4t4j3v078qjz systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
Dec 17 19:52:34 izt4ncam5kq4t4j3v078qjz systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.

5、开机启动 因为使用ECS，就没有设置了

shell> systemctl enable mysqld
shell> systemctl daemon-reload

6、修改root登录密码

shell> grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

有的可能没有生成临时密码：重新操作如下：

（1）.删除原来安装过的mysql残留的数据（这一步非常重要，问题就出在这）

rm -rf /var/lib/mysql

（2）.重启mysqld服务

systemctl restart mysqld

（3）.再去找临时密码

grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

7、进入mysql服务

shell> mysql -uroot -p
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'MyNewPass4!'; 

或者

mysql> set password for 'root'@'localhost'=password('MyNewPass4!'); 

注意：
mysql5.7默认安装了密码安全检查插件（validate_password），默认密码检查策略要求密码必须包含：大小写字母、数字和特殊符号，并且长度不能少于8位。否则会提示ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements错误，

通过msyql环境变量可以查看密码策略的相关信息：

show variables like '%password%';

本文适用于mysql5.7以上版本（包括mysql8.0）

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