10g 创建 Data Guard

 一 环境介绍

       主库： IP：172.16.10.201       SID:dg       db_unique_name:pri

       备库： IP：172.16.10.202       SID:dg       db_unique_name:sta

       数据库版本：10.2.0.5

      系统版本：RHEL6.4

二 主库配置归档并强制日志_primary

       将数据库启动到mount 阶段打开归档：

                   alter database archivelog; 

       进行强制日志：

                   alter database force logging;

三 修改配置文件_primary

       创建pfile并添加和修改该文件

                 create pfile from spfile;

       打开pfile文件并进行修改

               *.db_unique_name='pri'
               *.log_archive_config='dg_config=(pri,sta)'
               *.log_archive_dest_1='location=/u02/lolog db_unique_name=pri'
               *.log_archive_dest_2='service=sta lgwr async db_unique_name=sta'
               *.log_archive_dest_state_1=enable
               *.log_archive_dest_state_2=enable
               *.fal_server=sta
               *.fal_client=pri
               *.standby_file_management=auto

              *.DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='/u02/data/dg','/u02/data/dg'
              *.LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='/u02/data/dg','/u02/data/dg'

四   配置主库listener.ora  _primary

           添加如下红色字体部分 

SID_LIST_LISTENER =

  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)
      (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/oracle/db)
      (PROGRAM = extproc)
    )
    (SID_DESC =
    (GLOBAL_DBNAME = pri)
    (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/oracle/db)
    (SID_NAME = dg)
    )
  )


LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = dg1.com)(PORT = 1521))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0))
    )
  )

五 配置tnsnames.ora文件  _primary

DG =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = dg1.com)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = dg)
    )
  )
pri =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = dg1.com)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = pri)
    )
  )
sta =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = dg2.com)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = sta)
    )
  )


EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SID = PLSExtProc)
      (PRESENTATION = RO)
    )
  )

六 将本地的口令文件复制到远程 _primary

            scp /u01/oracle/db/dbs/orapwdg oracle@dg2:/u01/oracle/db/dbs/orapwdg

七 备份数据库以及创建standby控制文件  _primary

            backup full format=’/u02/db%U’ database include current controlfile for standby;

            alter database create standby controlfile as '/tmp/standby.ctl';

八  将primary数据库pfile文件传送到standby进行修改_standby

         *.db_unique_name='sta'
         *.log_archive_config='dg_config=(pri,sta)'
         *.log_archive_dest_1='location=/u02/lolog db_unique_name=sta'
         *.log_archive_dest_2='service=pri lgwr async db_unique_name=pri'
         *.log_archive_dest_state_1=enable
         *.log_archive_dest_state_2=enable
         *.fal_server=pri
         *.fal_client=sta
         *.standby_file_management=auto
         *.DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='/u02/data/dg','/u02/data/dg'
         *.LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='/u02/data/dg','/u02/data/dg'

九  修改tsname.ora 和listener.ora _standby

tsname.ora：

DG =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = dg1.com)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = dg)
    )
  )
pri =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = dg1.com)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = pri)
    )
  )
sta =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = dg2.com)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = sta)
    )
  )


EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SID = PLSExtProc)
      (PRESENTATION = RO)
    )
  )

listener.ora

SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)
      (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/oracle/db)
      (PROGRAM = extproc)
    )
    (SID_DESC =
    (GLOBAL_DBNAME = sta)
    (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/oracle/db)
    (SID_NAME = dg)
    )
  )


LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = dg2.com)(PORT = 1521))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0))
    )
  )

十 配置primary NFS服务,standby 进行挂载 _standby

      配置并且启动 

          /etc/exports 

                    /u02/bak *(rw)

       standby进行挂载操作

           mount -o rw,bg,hard,nointr,rsize=32768,wsize=32768,tcp,vers=3,timeo=600,actimeo=0 dg1:/u02/bak /u02/bak/

 十一 standby本地恢复  _standby

        创建实例：

                  exoort ORACLE_SID=dg

         复制创建的sandby controle file到参数文件定义的位置

                scp  /tmp/standby.ctl oracle@dg2:/u02/data/dg/

         启动实例到nomount 

                  startup nomount 

         使用复制数据库链接(这个应该在任意位置执行都一样,第一次面试DBA时面试官坚持是primary端，我坚持是standby端.....)

                rman target sys/m123@pri auxiliary sys/m123@sta;

         复制数据库

               duplicate target database for standby

         standby应用远程日志

              alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;

         

十二 standby与primary创建 standbylog

            alter database add standby logfile group 4 ('/u02/data/dg/stand07.log','/u02/data/dg/stand04_2.log') size 50M;

           alter database add standby logfile group  5 ('/u02/data/dg/stand07.log','/u02/data/dg/stand05_2.log') size 50M;

           alter database add standby logfile group  6 ('/u02/data/dg/stand07.log','/u02/data/dg/stand06_2.log') size 50M;