Redis windows 测试redis持久化功能

下载地址：servicestack.googlecode.com/files/redis-2.0.2.zip

下载完之后解压到你磁盘上的，我的是F:\redis-2.0.2

还需要在redis根目录增加一个redis的配置文件redis.conf，文件具体内容有：

# Redis configuration file example

# By default Redis does not run as a daemon. Use 'yes' if you need it.
# Note that Redis will write a pid file in /var/run/redis.pid when daemonized.
daemonize no

# When run as a daemon, Redis write a pid file in /var/run/redis.pid by default.
# You can specify a custom pid file location here.
pidfile /var/run/redis.pid

# Accept connections on the specified port, default is 6379
port 6379

# If you want you can bind a single interface, if the bind option is not
# specified all the interfaces will listen for connections.
#
# bind 127.0.0.1

# Close the connection after a client is idle for N seconds (0 to disable)
timeout 300

# Set server verbosity to 'debug'
# it can be one of:
# debug (a lot of information, useful for development/testing)
# notice (moderately verbose, what you want in production probably)
# warning (only very important / critical messages are logged)
loglevel debug

# Specify the log file name. Also 'stdout' can be used to force
# the demon to log on the standard output. Note that if you use standard
# output for logging but daemonize, logs will be sent to /dev/null
logfile stdout

# Set the number of databases. The default database is DB 0, you can select
# a different one on a per-connection basis using SELECT  where
# dbid is a number between 0 and 'databases'-1
databases 16

################################ SNAPSHOTTING  #################################
#
# Save the DB on disk:
#
#   save  
#
#   Will save the DB if both the given number of seconds and the given
#   number of write operations against the DB occurred.
#
#   In the example below the behaviour will be to save:
#   after 900 sec (15 min) if at least 1 key changed
#   after 300 sec (5 min) if at least 10 keys changed
#   after 60 sec if at least 10000 keys changed
save 900 1
save 300 10
save 60 10000

# Compress string objects using LZF when dump .rdb databases?
# For default that's set to 'yes' as it's almost always a win.
# If you want to save some CPU in the saving child set it to 'no' but
# the dataset will likely be bigger if you have compressible values or keys.
rdbcompression yes

# The filename where to dump the DB
dbfilename dump.rdb

# For default save/load DB in/from the working directory
# Note that you must specify a directory not a file name.
dir ./

################################# REPLICATION #################################

# Master-Slave replication. Use slaveof to make a Redis instance a copy of
# another Redis server. Note that the configuration is local to the slave
# so for example it is possible to configure the slave to save the DB with a
# different interval, or to listen to another port, and so on.
#
# slaveof  

# If the master is password protected (using the "requirepass" configuration
# directive below) it is possible to tell the slave to authenticate before
# starting the replication synchronization process, otherwise the master will
# refuse the slave request.
#
# masterauth 

################################## SECURITY ###################################

# Require clients to issue AUTH  before processing any other
# commands.  This might be useful in environments in which you do not trust
# others with access to the host running redis-server.
#
# This should stay commented out for backward compatibility and because most
# people do not need auth (e.g. they run their own servers).
#
# requirepass foobared

################################### LIMITS ####################################

# Set the max number of connected clients at the same time. By default there
# is no limit, and it's up to the number of file descriptors the Redis process
# is able to open. The special value '0' means no limts.
# Once the limit is reached Redis will close all the new connections sending
# an error 'max number of clients reached'.
#
# maxclients 128

# Don't use more memory than the specified amount of bytes.
# When the memory limit is reached Redis will try to remove keys with an
# EXPIRE set. It will try to start freeing keys that are going to expire
# in little time and preserve keys with a longer time to live.
# Redis will also try to remove objects from free lists if possible.
#
# If all this fails, Redis will start to reply with errors to commands
# that will use more memory, like SET, LPUSH, and so on, and will continue
# to reply to most read-only commands like GET.
#
# WARNING: maxmemory can be a good idea mainly if you want to use Redis as a
# 'state' server or cache, not as a real DB. When Redis is used as a real
# database the memory usage will grow over the weeks, it will be obvious if
# it is going to use too much memory in the long run, and you'll have the time
# to upgrade. With maxmemory after the limit is reached you'll start to get
# errors for write operations, and this may even lead to DB inconsistency.
#
# maxmemory 

############################## APPEND ONLY MODE ###############################

# By default Redis asynchronously dumps the dataset on disk. If you can live
# with the idea that the latest records will be lost if something like a crash
# happens this is the preferred way to run Redis. If instead you care a lot
# about your data and don't want to that a single record can get lost you should
# enable the append only mode: when this mode is enabled Redis will append
# every write operation received in the file appendonly.log. This file will
# be read on startup in order to rebuild the full dataset in memory.
#
# Note that you can have both the async dumps and the append only file if you
# like (you have to comment the "save" statements above to disable the dumps).
# Still if append only mode is enabled Redis will load the data from the
# log file at startup ignoring the dump.rdb file.
#
# The name of the append only file is "appendonly.log"
#
# IMPORTANT: Check the BGREWRITEAOF to check how to rewrite the append
# log file in background when it gets too big.

appendonly yes

# The fsync() call tells the Operating System to actually write data on disk
# instead to wait for more data in the output buffer. Some OS will really flush
# data on disk, some other OS will just try to do it ASAP.
#
# Redis supports three different modes:
#
# no: don't fsync, just let the OS flush the data when it wants. Faster.
# always: fsync after every write to the append only log . Slow, Safest.
# everysec: fsync only if one second passed since the last fsync. Compromise.
#
# The default is "always" that's the safer of the options. It's up to you to
# understand if you can relax this to "everysec" that will fsync every second
# or to "no" that will let the operating system flush the output buffer when
# it want, for better performances (but if you can live with the idea of
# some data loss consider the default persistence mode that's snapshotting).

appendfsync always
# appendfsync everysec
# appendfsync no

############################### ADVANCED CONFIG ###############################

# Glue small output buffers together in order to send small replies in a
# single TCP packet. Uses a bit more CPU but most of the times it is a win
# in terms of number of queries per second. Use 'yes' if unsure.
glueoutputbuf yes

# Use object sharing. Can save a lot of memory if you have many common
# string in your dataset, but performs lookups against the shared objects
# pool so it uses more CPU and can be a bit slower. Usually it's a good
# idea.
#
# When object sharing is enabled (shareobjects yes) you can use
# shareobjectspoolsize to control the size of the pool used in order to try
# object sharing. A bigger pool size will lead to better sharing capabilities.
# In general you want this value to be at least the double of the number of
# very common strings you have in your dataset.
#
# WARNING: object sharing is experimental, don't enable this feature
# in production before of Redis 1.0-stable. Still please try this feature in
# your development environment so that we can test it better.
# shareobjects no
# shareobjectspoolsize 1024

启动redis

打开运行窗口

F:\>cd redis-2.0.2

F:\redis-2.0.2>redis-server.exe redis.conf
[2944] 15 Jun 22:44:29 * Server started, Redis version 2.0.2
[2944] 15 Jun 22:44:29 * DB loaded from append only file: 0 seconds
[2944] 15 Jun 22:44:29 * The server is now ready to accept connections on port
379
[2944] 15 Jun 22:44:30 - DB 0: 1 keys (0 volatile) in 4 slots HT.
[2944] 15 Jun 22:44:30 - 0 clients connected (0 slaves), 450888 bytes in use

在打开一个窗口运行客户端

F:\redis-2.0.2>redis-cli.exe

redis>

设置值：

redis> set ajun ajun

Reconnecting... OK
OK

取值：

redis> get ajun
"ajun"

停止redis服务

redis> shutdown

如果需要redis持久化数据 需要配置redis日志开启

在每次更新操作后进行日志记录，如果不开启，可能会在断电时导致一段时间内的数据丢失。因为redis本身同步数据文件是按上面save条件来同步的，所以有的数据会在一段时间内只存在于内存中。默认值为no

此时要在redis.conf中修改或者添加

appendonly yes

更新日志文件名，默认值为appendonly.aof

#更新日志条件，共有3个可选值。no表示等操作系统进行数据缓存同步到磁盘，always表示每次更新操作后手动调用fsync()将数据写到磁盘，everysec表示每秒同步一次（默认值）。
# appendfsync always
appendfsync everysec
# appendfsync no

关闭redis 服务在重启

F:\redis-2.0.2>redis-server.exe redis.conf
[2944] 15 Jun 22:44:29 * Server started, Redis version 2.0.2
[2944] 15 Jun 22:44:29 * DB loaded from append only file: 0 seconds
[2944] 15 Jun 22:44:29 * The server is now ready to accept connections on port
379
[2944] 15 Jun 22:44:30 - DB 0: 1 keys (0 volatile) in 4 slots HT.
[2944] 15 Jun 22:44:30 - 0 clients connected (0 slaves), 450888 bytes in use
此时redis根目录会有产生一个appendonly.aof的文件来记录日志
在客户端重新连接

F:\redis-2.0.2>redis-cli.exe

redis>set ajun wahaha

然后在shutdown redis服务

查看appendonly.aof为1k

再启动redis服务

F:\redis-2.0.2>redis-server.exe redis.conf
[2944] 15 Jun 22:44:29 * Server started, Redis version 2.0.2
[2944] 15 Jun 22:44:29 * DB loaded from append only file: 0 seconds
[2944] 15 Jun 22:44:29 * The server is now ready to accept connections on port
379
[2944] 15 Jun 22:44:30 - DB 0: 1 keys (0 volatile) in 4 slots HT.
[2944] 15 Jun 22:44:30 - 0 clients connected (0 slaves), 450888 bytes in use

再启动客户端

F:\redis-2.0.2>redis-cli.exe

redis>get ajun
"wahaha"

值还在，说明被持久化了

linux上的操作也是类似的

reids.conf参数配置参考，具体看官方配置文件参数注解

1. redis.conf配置参数：

#是否作为守护进程运行
daemonize yes
#如以后台进程运行，则需指定一个pid，默认为/var/run/redis.pid
pidfile redis.pid
#绑定主机IP，默认值为127.0.0.1
#bind 127.0.0.1
#Redis默认监听端口
port 6379
#客户端闲置多少秒后，断开连接，默认为300（秒）
timeout 300
#日志记录等级，有4个可选值，debug，verbose（默认值），notice，warning
loglevel verbose
#指定日志输出的文件名，默认值为stdout，也可设为/dev/null屏蔽日志
logfile stdout
#可用数据库数，默认值为16，默认数据库为0
databases 16
#保存数据到disk的策略
#当有一条Keys数据被改变是，900秒刷新到disk一次
save 900 1
#当有10条Keys数据被改变时，300秒刷新到disk一次
save 300 10
#当有1w条keys数据被改变时，60秒刷新到disk一次
save 60 10000
#当dump.rdb数据库的时候是否压缩数据对象
rdbcompression yes
#本地数据库文件名，默认值为dump.rdb
dbfilename dump.rdb
#本地数据库存放路径，默认值为 ./
dir /usr/local/redis/var/

###########  Replication #####################
#Redis的复制配置
# slaveof 当本机为从服务时，设置主服务的IP及端口
# masterauth 当本机为从服务时，设置主服务的连接密码

#连接密码
# requirepass foobared

#最大客户端连接数，默认不限制
# maxclients 128
#最大内存使用设置，达到最大内存设置后，Redis会先尝试清除已到期或即将到期的Key，当此方法处理后，任到达最大内存设置，将无法再进行写入操作。
# maxmemory

#是否在每次更新操作后进行日志记录，如果不开启，可能会在断电时导致一段时间内的数据丢失。因为redis本身同步数据文件是按上面save条件来同步的，所以有的数据会在一段时间内只存在于内存中。默认值为no
appendonly no
#更新日志文件名，默认值为appendonly.aof
#appendfilename
#更新日志条件，共有3个可选值。no表示等操作系统进行数据缓存同步到磁盘，always表示每次更新操作后手动调用fsync()将数据写到磁盘，everysec表示每秒同步一次（默认值）。
# appendfsync always
appendfsync everysec
# appendfsync no

################ VIRTUAL MEMORY ###########
#是否开启VM功能，默认值为no
vm-enabled no
# vm-enabled yes
#虚拟内存文件路径，默认值为/tmp/redis.swap，不可多个Redis实例共享
vm-swap-file logs/redis.swap
# 将所有大于vm-max-memory的数据存入虚拟内存,无论vm-max-memory设置多小,所有索引数据都是内存存储的 (Redis的索引数据就是keys),也就是说,当vm-max-memory设置为0的时候,其实是所有value都存在于磁盘。默认值为0。
vm-max-memory 0
vm-page-size 32
vm-pages 134217728
vm-max-threads 4

############# ADVANCED CONFIG ###############
glueoutputbuf yes
hash-max-zipmap-entries 64
hash-max-zipmap-value 512
#是否重置Hash表
activerehashing yes

注意：Redis官方文档对VM的使用提出了一些建议:
** 当你的key很小而value很大时,使用VM的效果会比较好.因为这样节约的内存比较大.
** 当你的key不小时,可以考虑使用一些非常方法将很大的key变成很大的value,比如你可以考虑将key,value组合成一个新的value.
** 最好使用linux ext3 等对稀疏文件支持比较好的文件系统保存你的swap文件.
** vm-max-threads这个参数,可以设置访问swap文件的线程数,设置最好不要超过机器的核数.如果设置为0,那么所有对swap文件的操作都是串行的.可能会造成比较长时间的延迟,但是对数据完整性有很好的保证.