TensorFlow——LSTM长短期记忆神经网络处理Mnist数据集

1、 RNN（Recurrent Neural Network）循环神经网络模型

详见RNN循环神经网络： https://www.cnblogs.com/pinard/p/6509630.html

2、 LSTM（Long Short Term Memory）长短期记忆神经网络模型

详见LSTM长短期记忆神经网络： http://www.cnblogs.com/pinard/p/6519110.html

3、LSTM长短期记忆神经网络处理Mnist数据集

import tensorflow as tf
from tensorflow.examples.tutorials.mnist import input_data
from tensorflow.contrib import rnn

# 载入数据集
mnist = input_data.read_data_sets("MNIST_data/", one_hot=True)

# 输入图片是28*28
n_inputs = 28  # 输入一行，一行有28个数据（28个像素点），即输入序列长度为28
max_time = 28  # 一共28行
lstm_size = 100  # 隐层单元
n_classes = 10  # 10个分类
batch_size = 50  # 每批次50个样本
n_batch = mnist.train.num_examples // batch_size  # 计算一共有多少个批次

# 这里的none表示第一个维度可以是任意的长度
x = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, [None, 784])
# 正确的标签
y = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, [None, 10])

# 初始化权值
weights = tf.Variable(tf.truncated_normal([lstm_size, n_classes], stddev=0.1))
# 初始化偏置值
biases = tf.Variable(tf.constant(0.1, shape=[n_classes]))


# 定义RNN网络
def RNN(X, weights, biases):
    inputs = tf.reshape(X, [-1, max_time, n_inputs])
    # 定义LSTM基本CELL
    lstm_cell = rnn.BasicLSTMCell(lstm_size)
    # final_state[0]是cell state
    # final_state[1]是hidden_state
    outputs, final_state = tf.nn.dynamic_rnn(lstm_cell, inputs, dtype=tf.float32)
    results = tf.nn.softmax(tf.matmul(final_state[1], weights) + biases)
    return results

# 计算RNN的返回结果
prediction = RNN(x, weights, biases)
# 损失函数
cross_entropy = tf.reduce_mean(tf.nn.softmax_cross_entropy_with_logits(logits=prediction, labels=y))
# 使用AdamOptimizer进行优化
train_step = tf.train.AdamOptimizer(1e-4).minimize(cross_entropy)
# 结果存放在一个布尔型列表中
correct_prediction = tf.equal(tf.argmax(y, 1), tf.argmax(prediction, 1))  # argmax返回一维张量中最大的值所在的位置
# 求准确率
accuracy = tf.reduce_mean(tf.cast(correct_prediction, tf.float32))  # 把correct_prediction变为float32类型
# 初始化
init = tf.global_variables_initializer()

with tf.Session() as sess:
    sess.run(init)
    for epoch in range(21):
        for batch in range(n_batch):
            batch_xs, batch_ys = mnist.train.next_batch(batch_size)
            sess.run(train_step, feed_dict={x: batch_xs, y: batch_ys})

        acc = sess.run(accuracy, feed_dict={x: mnist.test.images, y: mnist.test.labels})
        print("Iter " + str(epoch) + ", Testing Accuracy= " + str(acc))

结果为：