Linux Ubuntu 快速实现Mycat分片管理
首先我们先准备好一个主-从（Master-Slave）Mysql配置节点（数据库用户和密码保持一致，请参考：http://blog.csdn.net/boonya/article/details/72842251），然后就可以准备Mycat的事情了。
环境说明
Linux：Ubuntu-server-15.04.iso
Master：192.168.178.128
Slave：192.168.178.129
下载Mycat
使用的是最新发布的Mycat1.6：http://dl.mycat.io/1.6-RELEASE/
这里的地址在Linux下 可以使用wget进行下载。
解压Mycat
我们将Mycat-server-1.6-RELEASE-20161028204710-linux.tar.gz下载到/usr/local下面，解压：
tar -zxvf Mycat-server-1.6-RELEASE-20161028204710-linux.tar.gz解压后得到/usr/local/mycat。
安装Mycat
找到mycat的conf目录进行修改。
修改mycat server.xml
重点是修改下面的内容：
123456
TESTDB
修改schema.xml
主要修改如下：
select user()
rule.xml文件暂不做修改。
Mycat操作命令
进入到mycat的bin目录下：
./mycat start 启动
./mycat stop 停止
./mycat console 前台运行
./mycat restart 重启服务
./mycat pause 暂停
./mycat status 查看启动状态
Mycat窗口模拟mysql
mysql -uroot -p123456 -h192.168.178.128 -P8066 -DTESTDMysql节点脚本
db1分片脚本
/*
Navicat MySQL Data Transfer
Source Server : mysql
Source Server Version : 50527
Source Host : localhost:3306
Source Database : db1
Target Server Type : MYSQL
Target Server Version : 50527
File Encoding : 65001
Date: 2016-01-27 15:48:40
*/
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for `company`
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `company`;
CREATE TABLE `company` (
`ID` bigint(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
PRIMARY KEY (`ID`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-- ----------------------------
-- Records of company
-- ----------------------------
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for `customer`
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `customer`;
CREATE TABLE `customer` (
`ID` bigint(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`sharding_id` bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`ID`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-- ----------------------------
-- Records of customer
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `customer` VALUES ('1', null);
INSERT INTO `customer` VALUES ('4', '10000');
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for `employee`
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `employee`;
CREATE TABLE `employee` (
`ID` bigint(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
PRIMARY KEY (`ID`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-- ----------------------------
-- Records of employee
-- ----------------------------
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for `goods`
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `goods`;
CREATE TABLE `goods` (
`ID` bigint(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
PRIMARY KEY (`ID`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-- ----------------------------
-- Records of goods
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `goods` VALUES ('11');
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for `hotnews`
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `hotnews`;
CREATE TABLE `hotnews` (
`ID` bigint(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
PRIMARY KEY (`ID`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-- ----------------------------
-- Records of hotnews
-- ----------------------------
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for `mycat_sequence`
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `mycat_sequence`;
CREATE TABLE `mycat_sequence` (
`name` varchar(50) NOT NULL,
`current_value` int(11) NOT NULL,
`increment` int(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '100',
PRIMARY KEY (`name`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-- ----------------------------
-- Records of mycat_sequence
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `mycat_sequence` VALUES ('GLOBAL', '100400', '100');
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for `orders`
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `orders`;
CREATE TABLE `orders` (
`ID` bigint(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`customer_id` bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`ID`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-- ----------------------------
-- Records of orders
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `orders` VALUES ('1', '1');
INSERT INTO `orders` VALUES ('4', '4');
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for `travelrecord`
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `travelrecord`;
CREATE TABLE `travelrecord` (
`ID` bigint(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
PRIMARY KEY (`ID`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-- ----------------------------
-- Records of travelrecord
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `travelrecord` VALUES ('1');
INSERT INTO `travelrecord` VALUES ('4');
INSERT INTO `travelrecord` VALUES ('10001');
INSERT INTO `travelrecord` VALUES ('100400');
-- ----------------------------
-- Function structure for `mycat_seq_currval`
-- ----------------------------
DROP FUNCTION IF EXISTS `mycat_seq_currval`;
DELIMITER ;;
CREATE DEFINER=`root`@`%` FUNCTION `mycat_seq_currval`(seq_name VARCHAR(50)) RETURNS varchar(64) CHARSET utf8
DETERMINISTIC
BEGIN DECLARE retval VARCHAR(64);
SET retval="-999999999,null";
SELECT concat(CAST(current_value AS CHAR),",",CAST(increment AS CHAR)) INTO retval FROM MYCAT_SEQUENCE WHERE name = seq_name;
RETURN retval;
END
;;
DELIMITER ;
-- ----------------------------
-- Function structure for `mycat_seq_nextval`
-- ----------------------------
DROP FUNCTION IF EXISTS `mycat_seq_nextval`;
DELIMITER ;;
CREATE DEFINER=`root`@`%` FUNCTION `mycat_seq_nextval`(seq_name VARCHAR(50)) RETURNS varchar(64) CHARSET utf8
DETERMINISTIC
BEGIN UPDATE MYCAT_SEQUENCE SET current_value = current_value + increment WHERE name = seq_name;
RETURN mycat_seq_currval(seq_name);
END
;;
DELIMITER ;
-- ----------------------------
-- Function structure for `mycat_seq_setval`
-- ----------------------------
DROP FUNCTION IF EXISTS `mycat_seq_setval`;
DELIMITER ;;
CREATE DEFINER=`root`@`%` FUNCTION `mycat_seq_setval`(seq_name VARCHAR(50),value INTEGER) RETURNS varchar(64) CHARSET utf8
DETERMINISTIC
BEGIN UPDATE MYCAT_SEQUENCE SET current_value = value WHERE name = seq_name;
RETURN mycat_seq_currval(seq_name);
END
;;
DELIMITER ;db2分片脚本
/*
Navicat MySQL Data Transfer
Source Server : mysql
Source Server Version : 50527
Source Host : localhost:3306
Source Database : db2
Target Server Type : MYSQL
Target Server Version : 50527
File Encoding : 65001
Date: 2016-01-27 15:48:50
*/
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for `company`
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `company`;
CREATE TABLE `company` (
`ID` bigint(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
PRIMARY KEY (`ID`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-- ----------------------------
-- Records of company
-- ----------------------------
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for `customer`
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `customer`;
CREATE TABLE `customer` (
`ID` bigint(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`sharding_id` bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`ID`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-- ----------------------------
-- Records of customer
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `customer` VALUES ('2', null);
INSERT INTO `customer` VALUES ('5', '10010');
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for `employee`
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `employee`;
CREATE TABLE `employee` (
`ID` bigint(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
PRIMARY KEY (`ID`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-- ----------------------------
-- Records of employee
-- ----------------------------
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for `goods`
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `goods`;
CREATE TABLE `goods` (
`ID` bigint(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
PRIMARY KEY (`ID`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-- ----------------------------
-- Records of goods
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `goods` VALUES ('11');
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for `hotnews`
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `hotnews`;
CREATE TABLE `hotnews` (
`ID` bigint(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
PRIMARY KEY (`ID`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-- ----------------------------
-- Records of hotnews
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `hotnews` VALUES ('1');
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for `orders`
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `orders`;
CREATE TABLE `orders` (
`ID` bigint(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`customer_id` bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`ID`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-- ----------------------------
-- Records of orders
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `orders` VALUES ('2', '2');
INSERT INTO `orders` VALUES ('5', '5');
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for `travelrecord`
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `travelrecord`;
CREATE TABLE `travelrecord` (
`ID` bigint(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
PRIMARY KEY (`ID`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-- ----------------------------
-- Records of travelrecord
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `travelrecord` VALUES ('2');db3分片脚本
/*
Navicat MySQL Data Transfer
Source Server : mysql
Source Server Version : 50527
Source Host : localhost:3306
Source Database : db3
Target Server Type : MYSQL
Target Server Version : 50527
File Encoding : 65001
Date: 2016-01-27 15:48:58
*/
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for `company`
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `company`;
CREATE TABLE `company` (
`ID` bigint(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
PRIMARY KEY (`ID`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-- ----------------------------
-- Records of company
-- ----------------------------
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for `hotnews`
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `hotnews`;
CREATE TABLE `hotnews` (
`ID` bigint(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
PRIMARY KEY (`ID`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-- ----------------------------
-- Records of hotnews
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `hotnews` VALUES ('2');
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for `travelrecord`
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `travelrecord`;
CREATE TABLE `travelrecord` (
`ID` bigint(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
PRIMARY KEY (`ID`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-- ----------------------------
-- Records of travelrecord
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `travelrecord` VALUES ('3');Mycat测试
连接Mycat
boonya@ubuntu:/usr/local/mycat/bin$ mysql -uroot -p123456 -h127.0.0.1 -P8066 -DTESTDB
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.6.29-mycat-1.6-RELEASE-20161028204710 MyCat Server (OpenCloundDB)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> 数据库操作
Mycat做了分片的join使得我们的数据看上去是一张表。
##========================分片Join=====================##
mysql> select * from travelrecord;
+---------+
| ID |
+---------+
| 2 |
| 5000001 |
| 3 |
| 1 |
| 4 |
| 10001 |
| 100400 |
+---------+
7 rows in set (0.16 sec)
mysql> insert into travelrecord(id) values(2000001);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> select * from travelrecord;
+---------+
| ID |
+---------+
| 3 |
| 1 |
| 4 |
| 10001 |
| 100400 |
| 2000001 |
| 2 |
| 5000001 |
+---------+
8 rows in set (0.02 sec)
mysql> insert into travelrecord(id) values(3000001);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> select * from travelrecord;
+---------+
| ID |
+---------+
| 2 |
| 5000001 |
| 1 |
| 4 |
| 10001 |
| 100400 |
| 2000001 |
| 3000001 |
| 3 |
+---------+
9 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> insert into travelrecord(id) values(4000001);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> select * from travelrecord;
+---------+
| ID |
+---------+
| 1 |
| 4 |
| 10001 |
| 100400 |
| 2000001 |
| 3000001 |
| 4000001 |
| 3 |
| 2 |
| 5000001 |
+---------+
10 rows in set (0.03 sec)
mysql> delete from travelrecord where id=1;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.04 sec)
mysql> select * from travelrecord;
+---------+
| ID |
+---------+
| 2 |
| 5000001 |
| 3 |
| 4 |
| 10001 |
| 100400 |
| 2000001 |
| 3000001 |
| 4000001 |
+---------+
9 rows in set (0.03 sec)
mysql> delete from travelrecord where id<5;
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.05 sec)
mysql> select * from travelrecord;
+---------+
| ID |
+---------+
| 5000001 |
| 10001 |
| 100400 |
| 2000001 |
| 3000001 |
| 4000001 |
+---------+
6 rows in set (0.09 sec)
mysql> delete from travelrecord where id<1000001;
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> select * from travelrecord;
+---------+
| ID |
+---------+
| 2000001 |
| 3000001 |
| 4000001 |
| 5000001 |
+---------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show engines;
+--------------------+---------+----------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+
| Engine | Support | Comment | Transactions | XA | Savepoints |
+--------------------+---------+----------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+
| MyISAM | YES | MyISAM storage engine | NO | NO | NO |
| CSV | YES | CSV storage engine | NO | NO | NO |
| MRG_MYISAM | YES | Collection of identical MyISAM tables | NO | NO | NO |
| BLACKHOLE | YES | /dev/null storage engine (anything you write to it disappears) | NO | NO | NO |
| MEMORY | YES | Hash based, stored in memory, useful for temporary tables | NO | NO | NO |
| PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA | YES | Performance Schema | NO | NO | NO |
| ARCHIVE | YES | Archive storage engine | NO | NO | NO |
| InnoDB | DEFAULT | Supports transactions, row-level locking, and foreign keys | YES | YES | YES |
| FEDERATED | NO | Federated MySQL storage engine | NULL | NULL | NULL |
+--------------------+---------+----------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+
9 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
基于注解的查询
从 1.6 开始支持三种注解方式：
/*#mycat:db_type=master*/ select * from travelrecord
/*!mycat:db_type=slave*/ select * from travelrecord
/**mycat:db_type=master*/ select * from travelrecord
示例：
mysql> /*!mycat:db_type=master*/ select * from travelrecord;
+---------+
| ID |
+---------+
| 2000001 |
| 3000001 |
| 4000001 |
| 5000001 |
+---------+
4 rows in set (0.06 sec)
mysql> /*!mycat:db_type=slave*/ select * from travelrecord;
+---------+
| ID |
+---------+
| 2000001 |
| 3000001 |
| 4000001 |
| 5000001 |
+---------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql>