爬虫之点触验证码的识别

一 简介

直接点击图中符合要求的图。所有的答案都正确，验证才会成功，如果有一个答案错误，验证就会失败。

二 目标

用程序来识别并通过点触验证码的验证。

三 了解点触验证码

12306官网的验证码样式：

四 超级鹰注册账号

https://www.chaojiying.com/user/reg

注册用户：cakin24

验证码类型参考：https://www.chaojiying.com/price.html

五 代码

1 Chaojiying.py

import requests
from hashlib import md5


class Chaojiying(object):

    def __init__(self, username, password, soft_id):
        self.username = username
        self.password = md5(password.encode('utf-8')).hexdigest()
        self.soft_id = soft_id
        self.base_params = {
            'user': self.username,
            'pass2': self.password,
            'softid': self.soft_id,
        }
        self.headers = {
            'Connection': 'Keep-Alive',
            'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 5.1; Trident/4.0)',
        }

    def post_pic(self, im, codetype):
        """
        im: 图片字节
        codetype: 题目类型 参考 http://www.chaojiying.com/price.html
        """
        params = {
            'codetype': codetype,
        }
        params.update(self.base_params)
        files = {'userfile': ('ccc.jpg', im)}
        r = requests.post('http://upload.chaojiying.net/Upload/Processing.php', data=params, files=files,
                          headers=self.headers)
        return r.json()

    def report_error(self, im_id):
        """
        im_id:报错题目的图片ID
        """
        params = {
            'id': im_id,
        }
        params.update(self.base_params)
        r = requests.post('http://upload.chaojiying.net/Upload/ReportError.php', data=params, headers=self.headers)
        return r.json()

2 8_3.py

import time
from io import BytesIO
from PIL import Image
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from chaojiying import Chaojiying

# http://admin.touclick.com/login.html的邮箱
EMAIL = '[email protected]'
# http://admin.touclick.com/login.html的密码
PASSWORD = ''

CHAOJIYING_USERNAME = 'cakin24'
CHAOJIYING_PASSWORD = ''
CHAOJIYING_SOFT_ID = 898551
CHAOJIYING_KIND = 9102


class CrackTouClick():
    def __init__(self):
        self.url = 'http://admin.touclick.com/login.html'
        self.browser = webdriver.Chrome()
        self.wait = WebDriverWait(self.browser, 20)
        self.email = EMAIL
        self.password = PASSWORD
        self.chaojiying = Chaojiying(CHAOJIYING_USERNAME, CHAOJIYING_PASSWORD, CHAOJIYING_SOFT_ID)

    def __del__(self):
        self.browser.close()

    def open(self):
        """
        打开网页输入用户名密码
        :return: None
        """
        self.browser.get(self.url)
        email = self.wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, 'email')))
        password = self.wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, 'password')))
        email.send_keys(self.email)
        password.send_keys(self.password)

    def get_touclick_button(self):
        """
        获取初始验证按钮
        :return:
        """
        button = self.wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CLASS_NAME, 'touclick-hod-wrap')))
        return button

    def get_touclick_element(self):
        """
        获取验证图片对象
        :return: 图片对象
        """
        element = self.wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CLASS_NAME, 'touclick-pub-content')))
        return element

    def get_position(self):
        """
        获取验证码位置
        :return: 验证码位置元组
        """
        element = self.get_touclick_element()
        time.sleep(2)
        location = element.location
        size = element.size
        top, bottom, left, right = location['y'], location['y'] + size['height'], location['x'], location['x'] + size[
            'width']
        return (top, bottom, left, right)

    def get_screenshot(self):
        """
        获取网页截图
        :return: 截图对象
        """
        screenshot = self.browser.get_screenshot_as_png()
        screenshot = Image.open(BytesIO(screenshot))
        return screenshot

    def get_touclick_image(self, name='captcha.png'):
        """
        获取验证码图片
        :return: 图片对象
        """
        top, bottom, left, right = self.get_position()
        print('验证码位置', top, bottom, left, right)
        screenshot = self.get_screenshot()
        captcha = screenshot.crop((left, top, right, bottom))
        captcha.save(name)
        return captcha

    def get_points(self, captcha_result):
        """
        解析识别结果
        :param captcha_result: 识别结果
        :return: 转化后的结果
        """
        groups = captcha_result.get('pic_str').split('|')
        locations = [[int(number) for number in group.split(',')] for group in groups]
        return locations

    def touch_click_words(self, locations):
        """
        点击验证图片
        :param locations: 点击位置
        :return: None
        """
        for location in locations:
            print(location)
            ActionChains(self.browser).move_to_element_with_offset(self.get_touclick_element(), location[0],
                                                                   location[1]).click().perform()
            time.sleep(1)

    def touch_click_verify(self):
        """
        点击验证按钮
        :return: None
        """
        button = self.wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CLASS_NAME, 'touclick-pub-submit')))
        button.click()

    def login(self):
        """
        登录
        :return: None
        """
        submit = self.wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.ID, '_submit')))
        submit.click()
        time.sleep(10)
        print('登录成功')

    def crack(self):
        """
        破解入口
        :return: None
        """
        self.open()
        # 点击验证按钮
        button = self.get_touclick_button()
        button.click()
        # 获取验证码图片
        image = self.get_touclick_image()
        bytes_array = BytesIO()
        image.save(bytes_array, format='PNG')
        # 识别验证码
        result = self.chaojiying.post_pic(bytes_array.getvalue(), CHAOJIYING_KIND)
        print(result)
        locations = self.get_points(result)
        self.touch_click_words(locations)
        self.touch_click_verify()
        # 判定是否成功
        success = self.wait.until(
            EC.text_to_be_present_in_element((By.CLASS_NAME, 'touclick-hod-note'), '验证成功'))
        print(success)

        # 失败后重试
        if not success:
            self.crack()
        else:
            self.login()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    crack = CrackTouClick()
    crack.crack()