SQL语句大全[技巧]

三、技巧

1、1=1，1=2的使用，在SQL语句组合时用的较多

“where 1=1” 是表示选择全部    “where 1=2”全部不选，
如：
if @strWhere !=''
begin
set @strSQL = 'select count(*) as Total from [' + @tblName + '] where ' +@strWhere
end
else
begin
set @strSQL = 'select count(*) as Total from [' + @tblName + ']'
end

我们可以直接写成

错误！未找到目录项。
set @strSQL = 'select count(*) as Total from [' + @tblName + '] where 1=1 安定 '+ @strWhere

2、收缩数据库
--重建索引
DBCC REINDEX
DBCC INDEXDEFRAG
--收缩数据和日志
DBCC SHRINKDB
DBCC SHRINKFILE

3、压缩数据库
dbccshrinkdatabase(dbname)

4、转移数据库给新用户以已存在用户权限
execsp_change_users_login 'update_one','newname','oldname'
go

5、检查备份集
RESTORE VERIFYONLY fromdisk='E:\dvbbs.bak'

6、修复数据库
ALTER DATABASE [dvbbs]SET SINGLE_USER
GO
DBCC CHECKDB('dvbbs',repair_allow_data_loss) WITH TABLOCK
GO
ALTER DATABASE [dvbbs] SET MULTI_USER
GO

7、日志清除
SET NOCOUNT ON
DECLARE @LogicalFileName sysname,
 @MaxMinutes INT,
 @NewSize INT

USE tablename -- 要操作的数据库名
SELECT  @LogicalFileName ='tablename_log', -- 日志文件名
@MaxMinutes = 10, -- Limit on time allowed to wrap log.
 @NewSize = 1  -- 你想设定的日志文件的大小(M)

Setup / initialize
DECLARE @OriginalSize int
SELECT @OriginalSize = size
 FROM sysfiles
 WHERE name = @LogicalFileName
SELECT 'Original Size of ' + db_name() + ' LOG is ' +
 CONVERT(VARCHAR(30),@OriginalSize) + '8K pages or ' +
 CONVERT(VARCHAR(30),(@OriginalSize*8/1024)) +'MB'
 FROM sysfiles
 WHERE name = @LogicalFileName
CREATE TABLE DummyTrans
 (DummyColumn char (8000) not null)

DECLARE @Counter    INT,
 @StartTime DATETIME,
 @TruncLog   VARCHAR(255)
SELECT @StartTime = GETDATE(),
 @TruncLog = 'BACKUP LOG ' + db_name() +' WITH TRUNCATE_ONLY'

DBCC SHRINKFILE (@LogicalFileName, @NewSize)
EXEC (@TruncLog)
-- Wrap the log if necessary.
WHILE @MaxMinutes > DATEDIFF (mi, @StartTime, GETDATE()) -- time has notexpired
 AND @OriginalSize = (SELECT size FROMsysfiles WHERE name = @LogicalFileName)  
 AND (@OriginalSize * 8 /1024) >@NewSize  
 BEGIN -- Outer loop.
SELECT @Counter = 0
 WHILE   ((@Counter <@OriginalSize / 16) AND (@Counter < 50000))
 BEGIN -- update
 INSERT DummyTrans VALUES ('Fill Log')DELETE DummyTrans
 SELECT @Counter = @Counter + 1
 END
 EXEC (@TruncLog)  
 END
SELECT 'Final Size of ' + db_name() + ' LOG is ' +
 CONVERT(VARCHAR(30),size) + ' 8K pagesor ' +
 CONVERT(VARCHAR(30),(size*8/1024)) +'MB'
 FROM sysfiles
 WHERE name = @LogicalFileName
DROP TABLE DummyTrans
SET NOCOUNT OFF

8、说明：更改某个表
exec sp_changeobjectowner'tablename','dbo'

9、存储更改全部表

CREATE PROCEDURE dbo.User_ChangeObjectOwnerBatch
@OldOwner as NVARCHAR(128),
@NewOwner as NVARCHAR(128)
AS

DECLARE @Name    as NVARCHAR(128)
DECLARE @Owner   as NVARCHAR(128)
DECLARE @OwnerName   as NVARCHAR(128)

DECLARE curObject CURSOR FOR
select 'Name'    = name,
   'Owner'    = user_name(uid)
from sysobjects
where user_name(uid)=@OldOwner
order by name

OPEN   curObject
FETCH NEXT FROM curObject INTO @Name, @Owner
WHILE(@@FETCH_STATUS=0)
BEGIN     
if @Owner=@OldOwner
begin
   set @OwnerName = @OldOwner + '.' + rtrim(@Name)
   exec sp_changeobjectowner @OwnerName, @NewOwner
end
-- select @name,@NewOwner,@OldOwner

FETCH NEXT FROM curObject INTO @Name, @Owner
END

close curObject
deallocate curObject
GO

10、SQL SERVER中直接循环写入数据
declare @i int
set @i=1
while @i<30
begin
    insert into test (userid)values(@i)
    set @i=@i+1
end
案例：
有如下表，要求就裱中所有沒有及格的成績，在每次增長0.1的基礎上，使他們剛好及格:

    Name     score

    Zhangshan   80

    Lishi       59

    Wangwu      50

    Songquan    69

while((selectmin(score) from tb_table)<60)

begin

updatetb_table set score =score*1.01

where score<60

if  (select min(score)from tb_table)>60

  break

 else

    continue

end