【Linux】du命令

du即Disk Usage,用来获取磁盘的使用情况的，下面分别介绍几个常用的命令参数

1. 查看给定目录树各个目录的使用情况

[root@localhost redis-5.0.4]# pwd
/root/redis-5.0.4
[root@localhost redis-5.0.4]# du 
44	./deps/hiredis/adapters
40	./deps/hiredis/examples
1296	./deps/hiredis
368	./deps/jemalloc/bin
88	./deps/jemalloc/build-aux
324	./deps/jemalloc/doc
684	./deps/jemalloc/include/jemalloc/internal

2. 增加-h选项，磁盘的使用转化为容易理解的大小表示方式

[root@localhost redis-5.0.4]# du -h
44K	./deps/hiredis/adapters
40K	./deps/hiredis/examples
1.3M	./deps/hiredis
368K	./deps/jemalloc/bin
88K	./deps/jemalloc/build-aux
324K	./deps/jemalloc/doc
684K	./deps/jemalloc/include/jemalloc/internal
768K	./deps/jemalloc/include/jemalloc

3. -s用来获取特定目录使用的总空间

[root@localhost redis-5.0.4]# pwd
/root/redis-5.0.4
[root@localhost redis-5.0.4]# du -sh .
117M	.

4. -a显示所有的文件和目录的磁盘使用情况

默认情况下只显示目录的，不包含文件

[root@localhost redis-5.0.4]# du -ah
4.0K    ./.gitignore
100K    ./00-RELEASENOTES
4.0K    ./BUGS
4.0K    ./CONTRIBUTING
4.0K    ./COPYING
4.0K    ./INSTALL
8.0K    ./MANIFESTO
4.0K    ./Makefile
24K     ./README.md
4.0K    ./deps/Makefile
8.0K    ./deps/README.md
4.0K    ./deps/hiredis/.gitignore
4.0K    ./deps/hiredis/.travis.yml
8.0K    ./deps/hiredis/CHANGELOG.md

5. -k控制显示制输出的磁盘使用k为单位

[root@localhost redis-5.0.4]# du -sk .
119504	.
[root@localhost redis-5.0.4]# 

6. -m控制显示输出的磁盘使用M为单位

[root@localhost /]# du -m -d 1 /
126	/boot
0	/dev
du: cannot access ‘/proc/40904/task/40904/fd/3’: No such file or directory
du: cannot access ‘/proc/40904/task/40904/fdinfo/3’: No such file or directory
du: cannot access ‘/proc/40904/fd/4’: No such file or directory
du: cannot access ‘/proc/40904/fdinfo/4’: No such file or directory
0	/proc
9	/run
0	/sys
41	/etc
119	/root
1608	/var
9	/tmp
4114	/usr
268	/home
0	/media
0	/mnt
0	/opt
0	/srv
6290	/

7. -c用来输出给定目录的总的使用情况，结果在最后两行显示

[root@localhost redis-5.0.4]# du -ch .
...
8.0K	./utils/hashtable
12K	./utils/hyperloglog
20K	./utils/lru
20K	./utils/releasetools
136K	./utils
117M	.
117M	total
[root@localhost redis-5.0.4]# 

8. --exclude用来剔除符合给定pattern的文件

[root@localhost integration]# ll
total 100
-rw-rw-r--. 1 root root  1302 Mar 18 12:21 aof-race.tcl
-rw-rw-r--. 1 root root  8857 Mar 18 12:21 aof.tcl
-rw-rw-r--. 1 root root  2079 Mar 18 12:21 block-repl.tcl
-rw-rw-r--. 1 root root  1305 Mar 18 12:21 convert-zipmap-hash-on-load.tcl
-rw-rw-r--. 1 root root   824 Mar 18 12:21 logging.tcl
-rw-rw-r--. 1 root root  2626 Mar 18 12:21 psync2-reg.tcl
-rw-rw-r--. 1 root root  9394 Mar 18 12:21 psync2.tcl
-rw-rw-r--. 1 root root  4335 Mar 18 12:21 rdb.tcl
-rw-rw-r--. 1 root root  6018 Mar 18 12:21 redis-cli.tcl
-rw-rw-r--. 1 root root  3170 Mar 18 12:21 replication-2.tcl
-rw-rw-r--. 1 root root  5036 Mar 18 12:21 replication-3.tcl
-rw-rw-r--. 1 root root  5194 Mar 18 12:21 replication-4.tcl
-rw-rw-r--. 1 root root  5032 Mar 18 12:21 replication-psync.tcl
-rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 11539 Mar 18 12:21 replication.tcl
[root@localhost integration]# du -ah --exclude="redis*" .
4.0K	./aof-race.tcl
12K	./aof.tcl
4.0K	./block-repl.tcl
4.0K	./convert-zipmap-hash-on-load.tcl
4.0K	./logging.tcl
4.0K	./psync2-reg.tcl
12K	./psync2.tcl
8.0K	./rdb.tcl
4.0K	./replication-2.tcl
8.0K	./replication-3.tcl
8.0K	./replication-4.tcl
8.0K	./replication-psync.tcl
12K	./replication.tcl
96K	.
[root@localhost integration]# 

9 --time输出文件或目录的修改时间

[root@localhost integration]# du -ha --time .
4.0K	2019-03-18 12:21	./aof-race.tcl
12K	2019-03-18 12:21	./aof.tcl
4.0K	2019-03-18 12:21	./block-repl.tcl
4.0K	2019-03-18 12:21	./convert-zipmap-hash-on-load.tcl
4.0K	2019-03-18 12:21	./logging.tcl
4.0K	2019-03-18 12:21	./psync2-reg.tcl
12K	2019-03-18 12:21	./psync2.tcl
8.0K	2019-03-18 12:21	./rdb.tcl
8.0K	2019-03-18 12:21	./redis-cli.tcl
4.0K	2019-03-18 12:21	./replication-2.tcl
8.0K	2019-03-18 12:21	./replication-3.tcl
8.0K	2019-03-18 12:21	./replication-4.tcl
8.0K	2019-03-18 12:21	./replication-psync.tcl
12K	2019-03-18 12:21	./replication.tcl
104K	2019-03-18 12:21	.

10 -d 控制遍历子目录的深度

[root@localhost redis-5.0.4]# du -h -d 1 .
65M	./deps
52M	./src
800K	./tests
136K	./utils
117M	.
[root@localhost redis-5.0.4]# 

更深入的了解可以直接通过du的man文件了解