Java Web并发单元测试摘记（1）
大的web项目开发和运行环境都在服务器容器中进行为主，包括调试过程，也都是单例进过Web触发进行测试。在Web项目中设计使用Spring、hibernate、JBPM工作流、ehcache各种框架或组件。这些东西在一起配置好一个有效的、覆盖所有环境的单元测试用例也比较复杂。所有配置好一个可用有效的单元测试环境十分必要。并且面对单元测试对并发要求的不支持，还得加入必要的并发测试组件，满足测试全面系统白盒测试要求。
这里总结几种有效的配置单元测试方式：
1、直接使用Junit4组件，进行简单单元测试，在setUp()中初始化各种测试环境如下：
@Override
protected void setUp() throws Exception {
super.setUp();
String[] paths = { "classpath:applicationContext.xml" };
ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(paths);
SpringContextListener.setApplicationContext(ctx);
// ############模拟servlet容器启动，手动更改配置文件路径
Constant.CURRENT_PROJECT_PATH = "src/";
// ############直接容器中获取bean
userManager = (UserManager) ctx.getBean("userManager");
userService = (UserService) ctx.getBean("userService");
}2、使用Sprint-test.jar框架，支持事务可注解方式启动的单元测试：
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:applicationContext.xml")
@TransactionConfiguration(transactionManager="transactionManager",defaultRollback=false) //true将会回滚所有操作,默认没有该注解为回滚
public class JBPMProcessTest2 extends AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests{以上都只能暂时支持简单功能的单元测试。但是要测试并发和压力等。需要加入一个常用的框架，支持在单元测试中注入多线程和并发。
具体参见：http://blog.csdn.net/zhangyaoming2004/article/details/7619489下面附有Jar包下载http://yunpan.cn/QUtVay66VnU4T
我们具体使用的功能不是很多，这些并发测试可以嵌入到上面两种单元测试方式中：如下：
/**
*
*/
package com.dtsz.model.service.test;
import net.sourceforge.groboutils.junit.v1.TestRunnable;
import com.dtsz.model.entity.report.common.InvokeSource;
import com.dtsz.model.service.ExcelReportLogicService;
import com.dtsz.model.service.TaskLogicService;
import com.dtsz.model.util.ExcelReportUtil;
import com.dtsz.view.vo.authenticator.UserVO;
import com.dtsz.view.vo.webservice.ExcelReportResult;
/**
* 模拟插件端数据上报的并发操作测试
*
* @author xiaoli
*
*/
public class CreateMulltiTaskReportGroboThread extends TestRunnable {
TaskLogicService taskLogicService;
ExcelReportLogicService excelReportLogicService;
private String reportMap;
private UserVO user;
private InvokeSource invokeSource;
private String bbq;
public CreateMulltiTaskReportGroboThread(String reportMap, UserVO user, InvokeSource invokeSource,String bbq) {
super();
this.reportMap = reportMap;
this.user = user;
this.invokeSource = invokeSource;
this.bbq = bbq;
init();
}
public void init() {
taskLogicService = (TaskLogicService)ExcelReportUtil.getBean("taskLogicService");
excelReportLogicService = (ExcelReportLogicService)ExcelReportUtil.getBean("excelReportLogicService");
}
/*
* (non-Javadoc)
*
* @see net.sourceforge.groboutils.junit.v1.TestRunnable#runTest()
*/
@Override
public void runTest() throws Throwable {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
// ########################模拟当前任务该报表期任务上报
//保存数据
ExcelReportResult result = taskLogicService.reportData(reportMap, user, invokeSource);
excelReportLogicService.saveData(result);
System.out.println("报表期为："+this.bbq+"已上报");
}
}
单元测试并发：
/**
*
*/
package com.dtsz.model.service.test;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import junit.framework.TestCase;
import net.sourceforge.groboutils.junit.v1.MultiThreadedTestRunner;
import net.sourceforge.groboutils.junit.v1.TestRunnable;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import com.dtsz.model.entity.authenticator.User;
import com.dtsz.model.entity.report.common.InvokeSource;
import com.dtsz.model.service.authenticator.UserManager;
import com.dtsz.model.service.authenticator.UserService;
import com.dtsz.model.service.exception.BaseAppException;
import com.dtsz.model.util.BeanUtil2;
import com.dtsz.model.util.Constant;
import com.dtsz.model.util.Encryption;
import com.dtsz.view.util.SpringContextListener;
import com.dtsz.view.vo.authenticator.UserVO;
/**
* 模拟数据上报，这里的初始化数据根据插件端传入数据组合来的，当前只有根据报表期生成初始化数据
*
* @author xiaoli
*
*/
public class CreateMultiTaskReportTest3 extends TestCase {
private UserManager userManager;
private UserService userService;
@Override
protected void setUp() throws Exception {
super.setUp();
String[] paths = { "classpath:applicationContext.xml" };
ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(paths);
SpringContextListener.setApplicationContext(ctx);
// ############模拟servlet容器启动，手动更改配置文件路径
Constant.CURRENT_PROJECT_PATH = "src/";
// ############直接容器中获取bean
userManager = (UserManager) ctx.getBean("userManager");
userService = (UserService) ctx.getBean("userService");
}
@Override
protected void tearDown() throws Exception {
super.tearDown();
}
@Test
public void test(){
// ###########自动生成报表期串集合
List bbqs = new ArrayList();
UnitTestUtils.imitateCreateMultiBbq(bbqs, 2, "2048", "5");
// 创建线程
TestRunnable[] tr = new TestRunnable[bbqs.size()];
int processCount = 0;
// ##########对这些数据进行填报
for (String bbq : bbqs) {
// 模拟上报数据
String reportMap = "{taskID:\"402880ee425a92f501425aa75ad50002\",bbq_:\""
+ bbq
+ "\""
+ ",bbhid:\"402855b942099b1b014209b1177e03f5\",approvalFlag:2,reportFlag:False,auditFlag:False,sheetMap:"
+ "[{id:\"402880ee425a92f501425aa75ad60004\",sheetType:\"BASIC\",values:{}}]}";
// 模拟上报的user
UserVO user = null;
try {
user = checkUser("xl1", "1");
} catch (BaseAppException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} // 模拟插件端checkUser
String sessionInfo = "{institutionname:\"南昌分行\",institutioncode:\"A01NC\",username:\"肖力1"
+ "1\",usercode:\"xl1\",rolecode:\"null\",bbhId:\"402855b942099b1b014209b1177e03f5\",bbhcode:\"B01b\",btype:\"BASIC\",taskid:\"402880ee425a92f501425a"
+ "a75ad50002\",bbhname:\"基层财务b\",bbq:\"" + bbq
+ "\",frequency:\"MONTH\",SESSIONDIMENSION:{}}";
try {
userService.updateSession(sessionInfo, user);
} catch (BaseAppException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} // 模拟插件端updateSession
// 初始化上报方式
InvokeSource invokeSource = InvokeSource.WSCALL;
CreateMulltiTaskReportGroboThread reportThread = new CreateMulltiTaskReportGroboThread(reportMap,user, invokeSource,bbq);
tr[processCount] = reportThread;
processCount++;
}
System.out.println("#######################################计时开始########################");
long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
// 生成测试线程运行器
MultiThreadedTestRunner mttr = new MultiThreadedTestRunner(tr);
// 运行测试线程
try {
mttr.runTestRunnables();
} catch (Throwable e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("#######################一共耗时："
+ String.valueOf((System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime) / 1000) + "秒");
}
/**
* xl1 1
* */
public UserVO checkUser(String userid,
String password) throws BaseAppException {
Map paramMap = new HashMap();
paramMap.put("UserName", userid);
paramMap.put("Password", password);
List users = userManager.findByCodeCache(userid);
List needUsers = new ArrayList();
if (users != null && users.size() > 0) {
for (User user : users) {
if (user.getState() && user.getCode().equals(userid)
&& user.getPassword().equals(Encryption.encryption(password))) {
needUsers.add(user);
}
}
}
// 通过验证
if (needUsers != null && needUsers.size() > 0) {
User user = needUsers.get(0);
// 获取用户权限，并存放于session中
// UserVO userVO = userManager.getUserPermission(user.getId());
String ipAddress = "0.0.0.0";
UserVO userVO = new UserVO();
BeanUtil2.copyProperties(user, userVO);
userVO.setIpAddress(ipAddress);
return userVO; // 通过验证
} else {
return null;
}
}
}
真实环境并发和压力测试不仅仅是在多个线程同时启动在测，还可能是增量式压力测试。这些还是要封装好和处理好。
还在进行中……