Cannot call sendError() after the response has been committed

在写一个ssh项目时，遇到一个之前从没遇到过的问题，抛出的异常如下

一月 06, 2017 5:01:40 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve invoke
SEVERE: Servlet.service() for servlet [default] in context with path [/AnyviewSystem] threw exception
java.lang.IllegalStateException: Cannot call sendError() after the response has been committed
	at org.apache.catalina.connector.ResponseFacade.sendError(ResponseFacade.java:462)
	at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.sendError(Dispatcher.java:834)
	at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.serviceAction(Dispatcher.java:534)
	at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.ExecuteOperations.executeAction(ExecuteOperations.java:77)
	at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.doFilter(StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.java:91)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:240)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:207)
	at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter.doFilterInternal(OpenSessionInViewFilter.java:198)
	at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:76)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:240)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:207)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:212)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:106)
	at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:502)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:141)
	at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:79)
	at org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:616)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:88)
	at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:528)
	at org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1100)
	at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:687)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1520)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(NioEndpoint.java:1476)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(Unknown Source)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(Unknown Source)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)

hibernate产生的sql语句如下

Hibernate: 
    select
        count(*) as y0_ 
    from
        anyviewdb.Class_CourseTable this_ 
    inner join
        anyviewdb.CourseTable course1_ 
            on this_.CourseID=course1_.CourseID 
    where
        this_.CID=? 
    order by
        this_.StartYear asc
[http-nio-8080-exec-11] (HibernateTemplate.java:435) - Not closing pre-bound Hibernate Session after HibernateTemplate
[http-nio-8080-exec-11] (HibernateTemplate.java:410) - Found thread-bound Session for HibernateTemplate
Hibernate: 
    select
        this_.ID as ID8_7_,
        this_.CID as CID8_7_,
        this_.CourseID as CourseID8_7_,
        this_.StartYear as StartYear8_7_,
        this_.status as status8_7_,
        this_.TID as TID8_7_,
        this_.UPDATETIME as UPDATETIME8_7_,
        classtable3_.CID as CID1_0_,
        classtable3_.CNAME as CNAME1_0_,
        classtable3_.CEID as CEID1_0_,
        classtable3_.CreateTime as CreateTime1_0_,
        classtable3_.ENABLED as ENABLED1_0_,
        classtable3_.EPID as EPID1_0_,
        classtable3_.KIND as KIND1_0_,
        classtable3_.SPECIALTY as SPECIALTY1_0_,
        classtable3_.STARTYEAR as STARTYEAR1_0_,
        classtable3_.STATUS as STATUS1_0_,
        classtable3_.UPDATETIME as UPDATETIME1_0_,
        collegetab4_.CEID as CEID4_1_,
        collegetab4_.CENAME as CENAME4_1_,
        collegetab4_.CreateTime as CreateTime4_1_,
        collegetab4_.ENABLED as ENABLED4_1_,
        collegetab4_.UNID as UNID4_1_,
        collegetab4_.UPDATETIME as UPDATETIME4_1_,
        course1_.CourseID as CourseID12_2_,
        course1_.Category as Category12_2_,
        course1_.CEID as CEID12_2_,
        course1_.CourseName as CourseName12_2_,
        course1_.CreateTime as CreateTime12_2_,
        course1_.Enabled as Enabled12_2_,
        course1_.UNID as UNID12_2_,
        course1_.UPDATETIME as UPDATETIME12_2_,
        collegetab6_.CEID as CEID4_3_,
        collegetab6_.CENAME as CENAME4_3_,
        collegetab6_.CreateTime as CreateTime4_3_,
        collegetab6_.ENABLED as ENABLED4_3_,
        collegetab6_.UNID as UNID4_3_,
        collegetab6_.UPDATETIME as UPDATETIME4_3_,
        university7_.UNID as UNID5_4_,
        university7_.ATTR as ATTR5_4_,
        university7_.CreateTime as CreateTime5_4_,
        university7_.ENABLED as ENABLED5_4_,
        university7_.IP as IP5_4_,
        university7_.PORT as PORT5_4_,
        university7_.UNNAME as UNNAME5_4_,
        university7_.UPDATETIME as UPDATETIME5_4_,
        university7_.VERIFICATION as VERIFICA9_5_4_,
        teachertab8_.TID as TID0_5_,
        teachertab8_.CreateTime as CreateTime0_5_,
        teachertab8_.ENABLED as ENABLED0_5_,
        teachertab8_.TCID as TCID0_5_,
        teachertab8_.TNAME as TNAME0_5_,
        teachertab8_.TNO as TNO0_5_,
        teachertab8_.TPSW as TPSW0_5_,
        teachertab8_.TSID as TSID0_5_,
        teachertab8_.TSEX as TSEX0_5_,
        teachertab8_.UNID as UNID0_5_,
        teachertab8_.UPDATETIME as UPDATETIME0_5_,
        university9_.UNID as UNID5_6_,
        university9_.ATTR as ATTR5_6_,
        university9_.CreateTime as CreateTime5_6_,
        university9_.ENABLED as ENABLED5_6_,
        university9_.IP as IP5_6_,
        university9_.PORT as PORT5_6_,
        university9_.UNNAME as UNNAME5_6_,
        university9_.UPDATETIME as UPDATETIME5_6_,
        university9_.VERIFICATION as VERIFICA9_5_6_ 
    from
        anyviewdb.Class_CourseTable this_ 
    left outer join
        anyviewdb.ClassTable classtable3_ 
            on this_.CID=classtable3_.CID 
    left outer join
        anyviewdb.CollegeTable collegetab4_ 
            on classtable3_.CEID=collegetab4_.CEID 
    inner join
        anyviewdb.CourseTable course1_ 
            on this_.CourseID=course1_.CourseID 
    left outer join
        anyviewdb.CollegeTable collegetab6_ 
            on course1_.CEID=collegetab6_.CEID 
    left outer join
        anyviewdb.UniversityTable university7_ 
            on course1_.UNID=university7_.UNID 
    left outer join
        anyviewdb.TeacherTable teachertab8_ 
            on this_.TID=teachertab8_.TID 
    left outer join
        anyviewdb.UniversityTable university9_ 
            on teachertab8_.UNID=university9_.UNID 
    where
        this_.CID=? 
    order by
        this_.StartYear asc limit ?

对于这个问题，我在stackoverflow中看到一个解释：

原文链接如下http://stackoverflow.com/questions/20813496/tomcat-exception-cannot-call-senderror-after-the-response-has-been-committed

This error is a symptom of some other problem, not the root cause you're looking for.
This error explains why the user can't be redirected to the error page. (Reason: the server has already flushed part of the response buffer back to the client - it's too late to switch/redirect to the error page.)
As the error message points out, check elsewhere in your Apache Tomcat 7 logs (or debug your app another way) to find what is throwing an exception.

翻译如下：

这个错误是其他问题的一个征兆，而不是你要找的根本原因.。
此错误解释了为什么用户不能重定向到错误页.。（原因：服务器已经将响应缓冲区的一部分刷新到客户端了，切换到错误页面已经太晚了。）
正如错误消息指出那样，在你的Apache Tomcat 7日志中（或调试你的应用程序）看看到底是什么导致抛出这个异常。

看了很多地方，肯定代码一定没有问题，那只能是是数据库的问题，然后把hibernate生成的sql语句放入数据库中运行，果然出现问题。显示数据库中没有ID这个字段，查看数据库结果，果然没有ID这个字段

原来是数据库文档更新了，但数据库结构没有跟着更新导致的

[Err] 1054 - Unknown column 'this_.ID' in 'field list'

将ID字段添加到表中，异常解除

出现这个异常，首先看看自己的数据库是否有问题。找这个bug花了一整个下午，希望对大家有用。