LINUX集群架构(1)用keepalived搭建高可用集群

集群介绍
LINUX集群架构(1)用keepalived搭建高可用集群_第1张图片

keepalived介绍
LINUX集群架构(1)用keepalived搭建高可用集群_第2张图片



用keepalived搭建nginx高可用集群

配置master

安装
yum install -y keepalived


备份原始配置文件
cp /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf_bak


配置master的keepalived脚本
> /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf 清空
vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf 重新编写

写入以下内容:

global_defs {
notification_email {
[email protected] 定义管理员接收邮件的邮箱
}
notification_email_from [email protected] 定义用哪个邮箱给管理员发邮件
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id LVS_DEVEL
}

vrrp_script chk_nginx {
script " /usr/local/sbin/check_ng.sh " 定义监控脚本及路径
interval 3 监控的时间间隔为3秒一次
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER 状态为主服务master
interface ens33 连接接口为ens33网卡
virtual_router_id 51 虚拟路由ID为 51,须根backup保持一致
priority 100 权重为100,最高权重
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS 认证类型为密码
auth_pass 123456 认证密码为123456
}
virtual_ipaddress {
虚拟IP地址,用来和服务器的真实IP绑定,首先绑定master,若master宕机则自动绑定backup
192.168.133.100 须和服务器在同一网段
}

track_script {
chk_nginx
}

}



配置master的监控脚本(监控nginx进程)
vim /usr/local/sbin/check_ng.sh

写入以下内容:

#!/bin/bash
d=`date --date today +%Y%m%d_%H:%M:%S` 时间变量,用于记录日志
n=`ps -C nginx --no-heading|wc -l` 计算nginx进程数量
if [ $n -eq "0" ]; then 若进程为0,则
/etc/init.d/nginx start 启动nginx,如果 不是编译安装的,则需要用 systemctl start nginx
n2=`ps -C nginx --no-heading|wc -l` 再次检测nginx进程数量
if [ $n2 -eq "0" ]; then 若进程依然为0,则
echo "$d nginx down,keepalived will stop" >> /var/log/check_ng.log 记录日志并
systemctl stop keepalived 关闭keepalived, 防止出现“脑裂”
fi
fi


脚本授权
chmod 755 /usr/local/sbin/check_ng.sh


启动服务
systemctl start keepalived

关闭SElinux
getenforce
setenforce 0

清空或更改防火墙规则

查看服务进程
ps aux |grep keepalived

查看网卡是否当定成功
ip addr
[root@test-01 keepalived]# ip addr
1: lo: mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:bb:d5:33 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.31.128/24 brd 192.168.31.255 scope global ens33
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet 192.168.31.100/32 scope global ens33
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::38da:ac91:29ef:9092/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever


配置backup

安装
yum install -y keepalived


备份原始配置文件
cp /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf_bak


配置backup的keepalived脚本
> /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf 清空
vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf 重新编写脚本

写入以下内容:

global_defs {
notification_email {
}
notification_email_from [email protected]
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id LVS_DEVEL
}

vrrp_script chk_nginx {
script " /usr/local/sbin/check_ng.sh "
interval 3
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP 状态是备用服务器,和主服务器master有区别
interface ens33
virtual_router_id 51 须和主服务器保持一致
priority 90 权重,比主服务器master低一些,可以根据硬件承载能力自定义
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 123456
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168. 31.100 须和主服务器及其它服务器保持一致
}

track_script {
chk_nginx
}

}


配置backup的监控脚本(监控nginx进程)
vim /usr/local/sbin/check_ng.sh

写入以下内容:

#!/bin/bash
d=`date --date today +%Y%m%d_%H:%M:%S` 时间变量,用于记录日志
n=`ps -C nginx --no-heading|wc -l` 计算nginx进程数量
if [ $n -eq "0" ]; then 若进程为0,则
/etc/init.d/nginx start 启动nginx,如果 不是编译安装的,则需要用 systemctl start nginx
n2=`ps -C nginx --no-heading|wc -l` 再次检测nginx进程数量
if [ $n2 -eq "0" ]; then 若进程依然为0,则
echo "$d nginx down,keepalived will stop" >> /var/log/check_ng.log 记录日志并
systemctl stop keepalived 关闭keepalived, 防止出现“脑裂”
fi
fi

脚本授权
chmod 755 /usr/local/sbin/check_ng.sh


启动服务
systemctl start keepalived

关闭SElinux
getenforce
setenforce 0

清空或更改防火墙规则

查看服务进程
ps aux |grep keepalived

查看网卡是否当定成功
ip addr
[root@test-02 keepalived]# ip addr
1: lo: mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:54:a7:66 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.31.129/24 brd 192.168.31.255 scope global ens33
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet 192.168.31.100/32 scope global ens33
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::95c:95e1:a022:75e9/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever



测试高可用


确定两台机器上nginx差异,可以通过curl -I(大写i) 来查看nginx版本

测试1:关闭master上的nginx服务,会自动重启,且启动时间有变更。
测试2:关闭backup上的nginx服务,会自动重启,且启动时间有变更。

测试3:在master上nginx默认主页写入this is master,并在浏览器访问192.168.31.128,可以看到this is master。
测试4:在backup上nginx默认主页写入this is backup,并在浏览器访问192.168.31.128,可以看到this is backup。

测试5:并在浏览器访问192.168.31.100,查看显示的是master还是backup。

测试3:关闭master上的keepalived服务,并在浏览器访问192.168.31.100,查看显示的是master还是backup。

测试4:启动master上的keepalived服务,并在浏览器访问192.168.31.100,查看显示的是master还是backup。









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