ORACLE数据库操作基础入门

ORACLE数据库操作入门


1、数据库工作环境基础设置:

在LINUX下用ORACLE用户登陆操作系统,然后用SQLPLUS 以数据库的  超户 登陆 数据库:

$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/sqlplus / as sysdba

建立表空间:

SQL>CREATE TABLESPACE ITS DATAFILE '/u01/oradata/its01.dbf' SIZE 100M
AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 10M MAXSIZE 32767M;

建用户test:

SQL>CREATE USER test IDENTIFIED BY test DEFAULT TABLESPACE ITS TEMPORARY
TABLESPACE TEMP ACCOUNT UNLOCK;

赋test连接数据库、资源访问权限:

SQL>GRANT CONNECT,RESOURCE TO test;


2、常用SQL操练:

在LINUX下用ORACLE用户登陆操作系统,然后用SQLPLUS 以数据库的test用户登陆本地数据库:

$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/sqlplus test/test

SQL>

建表:

SQL>create table ccc(a varchar(2),n varchar(2));

插数据入表:

SQL>insert into ccc values('aa','bb');

建表:

create table bb2(a varchar(2),n varchar(2), PRIMARY KEY ( a ));

插数据入表:

insert into bb2 values('aa','bb');
insert into bb2 values('a1','b1');
insert into bb2 values('a2','b2');
insert into bb2 values('a3','b3');
insert into bb2 values('a4','b4');

提交数据:

commit;

查询:

select * from bb2;

select count(*) from bb2;

修改表AAA、BBB添加CC字段,默认值zz:

ALTER TABLE aaa ADD cc varchar2(4) default 'zz';
ALTER TABLE bbb ADD cc varchar2(4) default 'zz';

修改表AAA的字段名CC为DD:

alter table aaa rename column cc to dd;

修改表BBB的字段CC长度3,默认值为x4:

alter table bbb modify cc varchar2(3) default 'x4';
insert into bbb values('aa','bb','xx');
commit;

删除BBB表中字段cc的值为zz的记录:

delete from bbb where cc='zz';
commit;

更新BBB表中字段a的值为az:

update bbb set a='az';
commit;
insert into bbb values('a1','bb','xx');
insert into bbb values('a2','bb','xx');
insert into bbb values('a3','bb','xx');
commit;

删除BBB表所有记录:

truncate table bbb;
insert into bbb values('a1','bb','xx');
insert into bbb values('a2','bb','xx');
commit;

删除bbb表:

drop table bbb;

建表:

create table bbb(a varchar(2),n varchar(2),cc varchar2(3), PRIMARY KEY ( a ));
insert into bbb values('a1','bb','xx');
insert into bbb values('a2','bb','xx');
commit;

建索引:

CREATE INDEX nIndex ON bbb (n,cc desc);

删除索引:

drop index nIndex;

查看索引:

select INDEX_NAME, TABLE_NAME from user_indexes;



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