CentOS 7上启动Oracle 11.2.0.3

1.正常安装Oracle 11，执行root脚本，等等。

2. 安装后重启服务器。

3. 重启后，用 su - oracle   命令后，检查oracle用户的环境变量：

 declare -x ORACLE_HOME="/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1"
 declare -x ORACLE_SID="orcl"

4. 进入 cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin，检查listener.ora:

 [oracle@oracle admin]$ cat listener.ora
 # listener.ora Network Configuration File: /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
 # Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

 SID_LIST_LISTENER =
 (SID_LIST =
   (SID_DESC =
     (SID_NAME = orcl)
     (ORACLE_HOME = /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)
   )
 )

 LISTENER =
   (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
     (DESCRIPTION =
       (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.16.33.212)(PORT = 1521))
     )
   )

 ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /home/oracle/app/oracle

重点检查其中的SID，HOST，PORT，ORACLE_HOME是否正确。如果不正确客户端会报告ERROR-ORA-12514:TNS:监听程序当前无法识别连接描述符中请求的服务 错误。

如果没有问题，进入$ORACLE_HOME/bin，启动监听器：

 [oracle@oracle bin]$ ./lsnrctl

 LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 16-DEC-2014 11:22:03

 Copyright (c) 1991, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

 Welcome to LSNRCTL, type "help" for information.

 LSNRCTL> start
 Starting /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...


 TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
 System parameter file is /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
 Log messages written to /home/oracle/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/oracle/listener/alert/log.xml
 Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=10.16.33.212)(PORT=1521)))


 Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=10.16.33.212)(PORT=1521)))
 STATUS of the LISTENER
 ------------------------
 Alias                     LISTENER
 Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
 Start Date                16-DEC-2014 11:22:07
 Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
 Trace Level               off
 Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
 SNMP                      OFF
 Listener Parameter File   /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
 Listener Log File         /home/oracle/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/oracle/listener/alert/log.xml
 Listening Endpoints Summary...
   (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=10.16.33.212)(PORT=1521)))
 Services Summary...
 Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s).
   Instance "orcl", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
 The command completed successfully
 LSNRCTL>

启动正常，使用sqlplus启动数据库：

 [oracle@oracle bin]$ ./sqlplus '/ as sysdba'
 SQL> startup
 ORACLE instance started.


 Total System Global Area  960372736 bytes
 Fixed Size                  2234160 bytes
 Variable Size             557844688 bytes
 Database Buffers          394264576 bytes
 Redo Buffers                6029312 bytes
 Database mounted.
 Database opened.

5. Centos7自带了SELINUX，关掉

6. Centos7自带了下一代防火墙firewalld，关掉，否则客户端连接过来会报TNS Timeout异常

 [root@oracle ~]# service firewalld stop
 Redirecting to /bin/systemctl stop  firewalld.service

===============================================

现在其它机器就应该可以正常连接并使用Oracle了。

另：装Oracle最省事的还是在Oracle自己的Enterprise Linux上安装。那些依赖，系统参数，等等等都不需要设置了。